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ASSSIGNMENT 1 MEMO 2026
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DUE DATE: 15 MAY 2026
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HED4805 ASSIGNMENT 1 MEMO 2026
Due Date: 15 May 2026
Question 1.1: Explain what is understood by the "indigenous" people of Southern
Africa.
The term "indigenous" people of Southern Africa refers to the original inhabitants of the
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region who lived there before the advent of colonialism from Europe. According to
Seroto (2020), the indigenous peoples of Southern Africa include three main groups: the
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Khoi (also known as Khoikhoi), the San (historically referred to as "Bushmen", though
this term is now deemed offensive), and the Bantu-speaking people (Seroto, 2020, p.
on
41).
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The Khoi were pastoralists who kept cattle and fat-tailed sheep, and were also pottery
makers. Archaeological evidence demonstrates that the Khoi were the first people to
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settle in South Africa at the Cape of Good Hope, living in southern Africa since the 5th
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century AD (Seroto, 2020, p. 44). They used animals not only for milk, meat, and
clothing but also trained them for riding and even warfare.
The San are the Later Stone Age people and indigenous inhabitants of Africa, with
genetic evidence suggesting they are one of the most ancient peoples in the world,
going back perhaps 60,000 years (Seroto, 2020, p. 46). The San were hunter-gatherers,
painters, and sculptors who used stone tools to cut up animals they hunted. They
preferred to live as small clans in caves or huts made from branches.
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