CHEM 1011 MIDTERM CERTIFICATION TEST
PAPER 2026 COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED
A PLUS
◉ particles in a solid.
Answer: tightly packed together, arranged in a regular pattern and
generally DO NOT move in relation to one another
◉ particles in a liquid.
Answer: close together with no regular arrangement; can move past
each other but remain in essentially constant contact
◉ particles in a gas.
Answer: are far apart with no regular arraneement; they move
independently of one anothre except when they collide
◉ the phase which a substance exists depends on what?.
Answer: the intermolecular forces (IMFs) and the kinetic energies of
its molecules (kinetic energies is the energy rquired to overcome the
attractive forces and thus increase the distance between particles)
◉ viscosity.
, Answer: a measure of a fluid's resistance to flow; can measure by the
rate at which a metal ball falls through a liquid or the rate at which a
liquid flows through a narrow tube
water & gas that flow freely =LOW viscosity
syrup & honey that don't flow freely = HIGH viscosity
** the more structurally complex the substance the molecules in a
liquid, the STRONGER the IMFs between them = more difficult to
move past each other =GREATER VISCOSITY
◉ how does temperature affect viscosity.
Answer: as we increase temperature, molecules move mroe rapidly
and their kinetic energies are better to overcome the forces that hold
them together (can move past each other more easily) = DECREASES
viscosity
◉ cohesive forces.
Answer: intermolecular forces that bind similar molecules to one
another ;
the molecules WITHIN a liquid are surrounded by other molecules
and are attracted EQUALLY in all directions by the cohesive forces
within a liquid
◉ What causes the spherical shape in liquids.
Answer: molecules on the surface of a liquid are attracted to half as
many molecules so these unbalanced molecular attractions on the
PAPER 2026 COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED
A PLUS
◉ particles in a solid.
Answer: tightly packed together, arranged in a regular pattern and
generally DO NOT move in relation to one another
◉ particles in a liquid.
Answer: close together with no regular arrangement; can move past
each other but remain in essentially constant contact
◉ particles in a gas.
Answer: are far apart with no regular arraneement; they move
independently of one anothre except when they collide
◉ the phase which a substance exists depends on what?.
Answer: the intermolecular forces (IMFs) and the kinetic energies of
its molecules (kinetic energies is the energy rquired to overcome the
attractive forces and thus increase the distance between particles)
◉ viscosity.
, Answer: a measure of a fluid's resistance to flow; can measure by the
rate at which a metal ball falls through a liquid or the rate at which a
liquid flows through a narrow tube
water & gas that flow freely =LOW viscosity
syrup & honey that don't flow freely = HIGH viscosity
** the more structurally complex the substance the molecules in a
liquid, the STRONGER the IMFs between them = more difficult to
move past each other =GREATER VISCOSITY
◉ how does temperature affect viscosity.
Answer: as we increase temperature, molecules move mroe rapidly
and their kinetic energies are better to overcome the forces that hold
them together (can move past each other more easily) = DECREASES
viscosity
◉ cohesive forces.
Answer: intermolecular forces that bind similar molecules to one
another ;
the molecules WITHIN a liquid are surrounded by other molecules
and are attracted EQUALLY in all directions by the cohesive forces
within a liquid
◉ What causes the spherical shape in liquids.
Answer: molecules on the surface of a liquid are attracted to half as
many molecules so these unbalanced molecular attractions on the
