NYU ADULT AND ELDER 1 FINAL 162
COMPETENCY REVIEW 2026 MOCK TEST
COMPLETE KEY INSIGHTS
◉ You are caring for an 80-year-old man who recently lost his wife.
He shares with you that he has been drinking more than he ever did
in the past and feels hopeless without his wife. He reports that he
rarely sees his children and feels isolated and alone. This patient is
at risk for:
A. Dementia.
B. Liver failure.
C. Dehydration.
D. Suicide.
Answer: D
The patient is sharing that he is depressed. Key concepts include
recent loss of his wife, excessive drinking, hopelessness, and
isolation, making him at risk for suicide.
◉ You are working with an older adult after an acute hospitalization.
Your goal is to help this person be more in touch with time, place,
and person. What might you try?
,A. Reminiscence
B. Validation therapy
C. Reality orientation
D. Body image interventions
Answer: C
Reality orientation is a communication technique that can help
restore a sense of reality, improve level of awareness, promote
socialization, elevate independent functioning, and minimize
confusion.
◉ A 71-year-old patient enters the emergency department after
falling down stairs in the home. The nurse is conducting a fall
history with the patient and his wife. They live in a one-level ranch
home. He has had diabetes for over 15 years and experiences some
numbness in his feet. He wears bifocal glasses. His blood pressure is
stable around 130/70. The patient does not exercise regularly and
complains of weakness in his legs when climbing stairs. He is alert,
oriented, and able to answer questions clearly. What are the fall risk
factors for this patient? (Select all that apply.)
A. Presence of a chronic disease
B. Impaired vision
C. Residence design
,D. Blood pressure
E. Leg weakness
F. Exercise history
Answer: B,E,F
Risk factors for falling include sensory changes such as visual loss,
musculoskeletal conditions affecting mobility (in this case
weakness), and deconditioning (from lack of exercise). The mere
presence of a chronic disease is not a risk factor unless it is a
condition such as a neurological disorder that alters mobility or
cognitive function. The patient's blood pressure is stable, and there
is no report of orthostatic hypotension. A one-floor residence should
not pose risks
◉ While assessing a patient, the nurse observes that the patient's
intravenous (IV) line is not infusing at the ordered rate. The nurse
assesses the patient for pain at the IV site, checks the flow regulator
on the tubing, looks to see if the patient is lying on the tubing, checks
the point of connection between the tubing and the IV catheter, and
then checks the condition of the site where the intravenous catheter
enters the patient's skin. After the nurse readjusts the flow rate, the
infusion begins at the correct rate. This is an example of:
A. Inference.
B. Diagnostic reasoning.
, C. Competency.
D. Problem solving.
Answer: D
This is an example of problem solving. The nurse collects
information and tries options until she is able to find a solution to
the slowed infusion rate. The focus is on solving the problem with
the patient's IV and not on solving the patient's health problem; thus
this is not the diagnostic reasoning process.
◉ The nurse sits down to talk with a patient who lost her sister 2
weeks ago. The patient reports she is unable to sleep, feels very
fatigued during the day, and is having trouble at work. The nurse
asks her to clarify the type of trouble. The patient explains she can't
concentrate or even solve simple problems. The nurse records the
results of the assessment, describing the patient as having
ineffective coping. This is an example of:
A. Diagnostic reasoning.
B. Competency.
C. Inference.
D. Problem solving.
Answer: A
COMPETENCY REVIEW 2026 MOCK TEST
COMPLETE KEY INSIGHTS
◉ You are caring for an 80-year-old man who recently lost his wife.
He shares with you that he has been drinking more than he ever did
in the past and feels hopeless without his wife. He reports that he
rarely sees his children and feels isolated and alone. This patient is
at risk for:
A. Dementia.
B. Liver failure.
C. Dehydration.
D. Suicide.
Answer: D
The patient is sharing that he is depressed. Key concepts include
recent loss of his wife, excessive drinking, hopelessness, and
isolation, making him at risk for suicide.
◉ You are working with an older adult after an acute hospitalization.
Your goal is to help this person be more in touch with time, place,
and person. What might you try?
,A. Reminiscence
B. Validation therapy
C. Reality orientation
D. Body image interventions
Answer: C
Reality orientation is a communication technique that can help
restore a sense of reality, improve level of awareness, promote
socialization, elevate independent functioning, and minimize
confusion.
◉ A 71-year-old patient enters the emergency department after
falling down stairs in the home. The nurse is conducting a fall
history with the patient and his wife. They live in a one-level ranch
home. He has had diabetes for over 15 years and experiences some
numbness in his feet. He wears bifocal glasses. His blood pressure is
stable around 130/70. The patient does not exercise regularly and
complains of weakness in his legs when climbing stairs. He is alert,
oriented, and able to answer questions clearly. What are the fall risk
factors for this patient? (Select all that apply.)
A. Presence of a chronic disease
B. Impaired vision
C. Residence design
,D. Blood pressure
E. Leg weakness
F. Exercise history
Answer: B,E,F
Risk factors for falling include sensory changes such as visual loss,
musculoskeletal conditions affecting mobility (in this case
weakness), and deconditioning (from lack of exercise). The mere
presence of a chronic disease is not a risk factor unless it is a
condition such as a neurological disorder that alters mobility or
cognitive function. The patient's blood pressure is stable, and there
is no report of orthostatic hypotension. A one-floor residence should
not pose risks
◉ While assessing a patient, the nurse observes that the patient's
intravenous (IV) line is not infusing at the ordered rate. The nurse
assesses the patient for pain at the IV site, checks the flow regulator
on the tubing, looks to see if the patient is lying on the tubing, checks
the point of connection between the tubing and the IV catheter, and
then checks the condition of the site where the intravenous catheter
enters the patient's skin. After the nurse readjusts the flow rate, the
infusion begins at the correct rate. This is an example of:
A. Inference.
B. Diagnostic reasoning.
, C. Competency.
D. Problem solving.
Answer: D
This is an example of problem solving. The nurse collects
information and tries options until she is able to find a solution to
the slowed infusion rate. The focus is on solving the problem with
the patient's IV and not on solving the patient's health problem; thus
this is not the diagnostic reasoning process.
◉ The nurse sits down to talk with a patient who lost her sister 2
weeks ago. The patient reports she is unable to sleep, feels very
fatigued during the day, and is having trouble at work. The nurse
asks her to clarify the type of trouble. The patient explains she can't
concentrate or even solve simple problems. The nurse records the
results of the assessment, describing the patient as having
ineffective coping. This is an example of:
A. Diagnostic reasoning.
B. Competency.
C. Inference.
D. Problem solving.
Answer: A
