ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
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1. A 6-year-old child presents with a 3-day history of fever, sore throat, and
fatigue. On exam, the tonsils are erythematous with white exudate, and there is
tender anterior cervical lymphadenopathy. A rapid strep test is positive. The child
has no known drug allergies. What is the first-line treatment?
• CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔- Oral amoxicillin or penicillin V for 10 days
2. A 72-year-old man with hypertension and type 2 diabetes presents with a
2-week history of progressive dyspnea on exertion and bilateral lower extremity
edema. His blood pressure is 148/92 mm Hg, heart rate 102 bpm, and oxygen
saturation 94% on room air. Lungs have crackles at both bases. An ECG shows left
ventricular hypertrophy. What is the most appropriate initial diagnostic test?
• CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔- Transthoracic echocardiogram
3. A 28-year-old woman reports three episodes of hives, lip swelling, and difficulty
breathing within 2 hours after eating shrimp. She has no other known allergies.
What is the most appropriate long-term management?
• CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔- Strict avoidance of all shellfish and
prescription for epinephrine auto-injector
4. A 55-year-old obese female presents with right upper quadrant pain after fatty
meals, nausea, and bloating. Ultrasound demonstrates cholelithiasis without wall
thickening or pericholecystic fluid. Liver function tests are normal. What is the
next best step?
• CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔- Surgical referral for elective cholecystectomy
,5. A 45-year-old male with a 30-pack-year smoking history presents with a new
cough, hemoptysis, and 10-lb unintentional weight loss. A chest x-ray shows a
right hilar mass. What is the most appropriate next diagnostic test?
• CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔- Contrast-enhanced CT of the chest and
referral to pulmonology for biopsy
6. A 16-year-old female is brought in by her mother for not having a menstrual
period for 6 months. She started menarche at age 13 and had regular cycles
previously. She is a competitive runner and has lost 15 lbs in the past 4 months.
Pregnancy test is negative. What is the most likely diagnosis?
• CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔- Hypothalamic amenorrhea
7. A 3-year-old child is brought to the clinic with a 2-day history of rhinorrhea,
low-grade fever, and a harsh, seal-like cough that is worse at night. The child is
playful, with mild intercostal retractions and oxygen saturation 95% on room air.
What is the most appropriate initial management?
• CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔- Dexamethasone (0.6 mg/kg) orally and close
follow-up
8. A 70-year-old man with a history of osteoarthritis reports progressive pain in his
right knee that is worse with activity and relieved by rest. He denies swelling or
redness. On exam, there is crepitus and bony enlargement of the knee without
effusion. What is the most appropriate initial treatment?
• CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔- Acetaminophen 1000 mg every 8 hours as
needed
9. A 24-year-old pregnant woman at 28 weeks gestation presents with a headache,
blurred vision, and epigastric pain. Her blood pressure is 168/104 mm Hg, and
urine dipstick shows 3+ protein. What is the most appropriate immediate action?
, • CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔- Admit to labor and delivery for magnesium
sulfate and blood pressure control
10. A 52-year-old woman presents with a 3-month history of fatigue, diffuse joint
pain, and a butterfly rash on the face. Laboratory tests show positive antinuclear
antibody (ANA) and anti-dsDNA antibodies. Urinalysis reveals hematuria and
proteinuria. What is the most likely diagnosis?
• CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔- Systemic lupus erythematosus with lupus
nephritis
11. A 6-month-old infant is brought in for a well-child visit. The parents report that
the infant has been exclusively breastfed. Which supplement is recommended at
this age?
• CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔- Oral vitamin D 400 IU daily
12. A 35-year-old man presents with a painful, vesicular rash in a dermatomal
distribution on his left chest. He has no significant past medical history and is
immunocompetent. He first noticed the rash 2 days ago. What is the most
appropriate treatment?
• CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔- Valacyclovir 1000 mg three times daily for 7
days
13. A 42-year-old woman with hypothyroidism presents with fatigue, constipation,
and a heart rate of 54 bpm. Her TSH is 15 mIU/L (normal 0.4-4.0). She takes
levothyroxine 88 mcg daily but admits to missing doses frequently. What is the
most appropriate management?
• CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔- Reinforce adherence, recheck TSH in 6
weeks, and consider a pill organizer