BIOL251 Human Anatomy & Physiology I w Lab 2026 Module 3 Exam Review
70+ Questions and Answers Summary LockDown Browser Portage Learning
Part 1: Skeletal System & Bone Tissue (Questions 1-40)
Bone Structure & Classification
1. Which of the following is NOT one of the five primary shape categories for
bones?
A. Long
B. Short
C. Round
D. Flat
Answer: C. Round
Rationale: The five bone shape categories are long, short, flat, irregular, and
sesamoid. "Round" is not a recognized classification; round bones would fall
under short or sesamoid categories depending on function and location.
2. Which bone is a classic example of a long bone?
A. Carpal (wrist bone)
,B. Femur (thigh bone)
C. Sternum (breastbone)
D. Vertebra
Answer: B. Femur
Rationale: Long bones are characterized by a long shaft (diaphysis) and two
expanded ends (epiphyses). The femur, humerus, and phalanges are classic
examples. Carpals are short bones, the sternum is flat, and vertebrae are irregular
bones.
3. Short bones are found primarily in which location?
A. Skull and ribs
B. Wrist and ankle
C. Thigh and arm
D. Vertebral column
Answer: B. Wrist and ankle
,Rationale: Short bones are roughly cube-shaped and found in confined spaces
requiring limited, complex movements. The carpals of the wrist and tarsals of the
ankle are the primary examples.
4. Osteocytes, the mature bone cells, reside in small spaces called:
A. Canaliculi
B. Lamellae
C. Lacunae
D. Haversian canals
Answer: C. Lacunae
Rationale: Lacunae are small cavities within the bone matrix that house
osteocytes. Canaliculi are tiny channels connecting lacunae, lamellae are
concentric rings of matrix, and Haversian canals contain blood vessels.
5. The structural unit of compact bone is the:
A. Trabecula
B. Osteon
C. Perforating canal
, D. Lamella
Answer: B. Osteon
Rationale: Osteons (Haversian systems) are the cylindrical structural units of
compact bone, consisting of concentric lamellae surrounding a central canal
containing blood vessels and nerves.
6. Which type of bone marrow is primarily responsible for hematopoiesis (blood
cell production)?
A. Yellow marrow
B. Red marrow
C. White marrow
D. Gelatinous marrow
Answer: B. Red marrow
Rationale: Red bone marrow contains hematopoietic stem cells that produce
erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets. It is found primarily in the epiphyses of
long bones and flat bones like the sternum and ilium.
70+ Questions and Answers Summary LockDown Browser Portage Learning
Part 1: Skeletal System & Bone Tissue (Questions 1-40)
Bone Structure & Classification
1. Which of the following is NOT one of the five primary shape categories for
bones?
A. Long
B. Short
C. Round
D. Flat
Answer: C. Round
Rationale: The five bone shape categories are long, short, flat, irregular, and
sesamoid. "Round" is not a recognized classification; round bones would fall
under short or sesamoid categories depending on function and location.
2. Which bone is a classic example of a long bone?
A. Carpal (wrist bone)
,B. Femur (thigh bone)
C. Sternum (breastbone)
D. Vertebra
Answer: B. Femur
Rationale: Long bones are characterized by a long shaft (diaphysis) and two
expanded ends (epiphyses). The femur, humerus, and phalanges are classic
examples. Carpals are short bones, the sternum is flat, and vertebrae are irregular
bones.
3. Short bones are found primarily in which location?
A. Skull and ribs
B. Wrist and ankle
C. Thigh and arm
D. Vertebral column
Answer: B. Wrist and ankle
,Rationale: Short bones are roughly cube-shaped and found in confined spaces
requiring limited, complex movements. The carpals of the wrist and tarsals of the
ankle are the primary examples.
4. Osteocytes, the mature bone cells, reside in small spaces called:
A. Canaliculi
B. Lamellae
C. Lacunae
D. Haversian canals
Answer: C. Lacunae
Rationale: Lacunae are small cavities within the bone matrix that house
osteocytes. Canaliculi are tiny channels connecting lacunae, lamellae are
concentric rings of matrix, and Haversian canals contain blood vessels.
5. The structural unit of compact bone is the:
A. Trabecula
B. Osteon
C. Perforating canal
, D. Lamella
Answer: B. Osteon
Rationale: Osteons (Haversian systems) are the cylindrical structural units of
compact bone, consisting of concentric lamellae surrounding a central canal
containing blood vessels and nerves.
6. Which type of bone marrow is primarily responsible for hematopoiesis (blood
cell production)?
A. Yellow marrow
B. Red marrow
C. White marrow
D. Gelatinous marrow
Answer: B. Red marrow
Rationale: Red bone marrow contains hematopoietic stem cells that produce
erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets. It is found primarily in the epiphyses of
long bones and flat bones like the sternum and ilium.
