BIOL251 Human Anatomy & Physiology I w Lab - Module 4 Exam Review
Questions with Answers and Rationales
Portage Learning LockDown Browser Format 2025-2026 Academic Year
SECTION 1: URINARY SYSTEM & FLUID/ELECTROLYTE BALANCE (Questions 1-40)
Q1. Where in the kidney does urine production occur?
A) Renal pelvis
B) Nephron
C) Calyx
D) Ureter
Answer: B) Nephron
Rationale: The nephron is the functional unit of the kidney responsible for filtering
blood and producing urine. Each kidney contains approximately 1 million
nephrons .
,Q2. What percentage of filtrate is typically reabsorbed by the kidneys?
A) 50%
B) 70%
C) 90%
D) 99%
Answer: C) 90%
Rationale: Approximately 90% of what we filter is kept (reabsorbed), meaning
only about 10% is excreted as urine .
Q3. Which structure is described as a "porous capillary bed" that acts like a
strainer for filtration?
A) Peritubular capillaries
,B) Vasa recta
C) Glomerulus
D) Loop of Henle
Answer: C) Glomerulus
Rationale: The glomerulus is a specialized porous capillary bed where blood
pressure forces water and solutes out of capillaries into the capsular space .
Q4. What captures the filtrate from the glomerulus?
A) Proximal convoluted tubule
B) Loop of Henle
C) Bowman's capsule
, D) Distal convoluted tubule
Answer: C) Bowman's capsule
Rationale: Bowman's capsule surrounds the glomerulus and captures the filtrate
that is forced out of the glomerular capillaries .
Q5. Which region of the renal tubule is primarily responsible for reabsorption?
A) Bowman's capsule
B) Loop of Henle
C) Proximal convoluted tubule (PCT)
D) Collecting duct
Answer: B) Loop of Henle
Questions with Answers and Rationales
Portage Learning LockDown Browser Format 2025-2026 Academic Year
SECTION 1: URINARY SYSTEM & FLUID/ELECTROLYTE BALANCE (Questions 1-40)
Q1. Where in the kidney does urine production occur?
A) Renal pelvis
B) Nephron
C) Calyx
D) Ureter
Answer: B) Nephron
Rationale: The nephron is the functional unit of the kidney responsible for filtering
blood and producing urine. Each kidney contains approximately 1 million
nephrons .
,Q2. What percentage of filtrate is typically reabsorbed by the kidneys?
A) 50%
B) 70%
C) 90%
D) 99%
Answer: C) 90%
Rationale: Approximately 90% of what we filter is kept (reabsorbed), meaning
only about 10% is excreted as urine .
Q3. Which structure is described as a "porous capillary bed" that acts like a
strainer for filtration?
A) Peritubular capillaries
,B) Vasa recta
C) Glomerulus
D) Loop of Henle
Answer: C) Glomerulus
Rationale: The glomerulus is a specialized porous capillary bed where blood
pressure forces water and solutes out of capillaries into the capsular space .
Q4. What captures the filtrate from the glomerulus?
A) Proximal convoluted tubule
B) Loop of Henle
C) Bowman's capsule
, D) Distal convoluted tubule
Answer: C) Bowman's capsule
Rationale: Bowman's capsule surrounds the glomerulus and captures the filtrate
that is forced out of the glomerular capillaries .
Q5. Which region of the renal tubule is primarily responsible for reabsorption?
A) Bowman's capsule
B) Loop of Henle
C) Proximal convoluted tubule (PCT)
D) Collecting duct
Answer: B) Loop of Henle
