OSTOMY CARE LATEST 2026 CORE EXAM MANUAL
QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS GUARANTEE A+
✔✔loop colostomy - ✔✔* a loop of the bowel is brought through the abdomen to the
skin surface and temporarily supported by a plastic bride or rod
* transverse loop colostomy is temporary created as an emergency procedure to relieve
an intestinal obstruction or perforation.
* may be opened at the time of surgery or a few days later
* has two openings through the one stoma
- Proximal end drains stool
- Distal portion drains mucus
* bridge can be removed in 1 to 2 weeks
✔✔double-barrel colostomy - ✔✔* created because of trauma, tumors, or inflammation
* create two separate stomas
* both ends of the bowel are temporary/permanently brought through the abdomen to
the skin surface as two separate section
* proximal stoma is functional and diverts feces to the abdominal wall
* distal stoma (mucous fistula) expels mucus from the distal colon and usually pouched
or covered with gauze dressing
* only irrigate proximal bowel, because distal bowel carries no fecal contents and does
not need irrigation.
✔✔convex inserts - ✔✔plastic discs that curve outward and are inserted inside the
flange of some two-piece ostomy system
✔✔cystectomy - ✔✔excision or resection of the bladder
✔✔denudation - ✔✔stripping of superficial skin surface
✔✔anastomosis - ✔✔formation of a connection between two usually distinct structures
or portions of a structure
✔✔filtered pouch - ✔✔ostomy output collection bag that incorporates an odor filtration
apparatus
✔✔flange - ✔✔rim used for attachment to another object, such as an ostomy pouch
attaching to a skin barrier
✔✔flatus - ✔✔gas or air generated in the stomach and/or intestines and expelled via
the anus or an intestinal ostomy
✔✔Hydrocolloids - ✔✔substance that forms a gel as fluid is absorbed and is used in
some ostomy products to absorb perspiration and other metabolic secretions while
preventing fungal and bacterial invasion
, ✔✔hydronephrosis - ✔✔enlargement of the kidneys as urine collects in the renal pelvis
and kidney tissue
✔✔hyperplasia - ✔✔abnormal increase in the volume of a tissue or organ
✔✔ileostomy - ✔✔* surgical opening created in the ileum to bypass the entire large
intestine. Located in he right lower quadrant
* use to treat colon cancer
* total proctocolectomy involve surgically removal of the entire colon, rectum, and anus,
with closure of the anus, resulting in the need for stool diversion.
* the end of the terminal ileum is brought out through the abdominal wall , forming a
permanent ileostomy.
* patient has no voluntary control of bowel movements.
✔✔ileostomy management - ✔✔* initial drainage is dark green, viscid, and odorless
* drainage gradually thickens and becomes yellow to brown.
* empty the pouch when it is 1/3 to 1/2 full.
* Relieving intra-abdominal pressure
- patient place moist towels on the abdomen, drink hot tea, lie down and assume a
knee-chest position.
- massage the abdominal area to promote peristalsis and fecal elimination.
* contact provider if experiencing
- abdominal cramping, nausea, vomitting, high-volume odorous effeluent, swelling of
the stoma, no ileostomy output for at least 6 hours.
✔✔irritant dermatitis - ✔✔* inflammation of the skin resulting from contact with an
irritating substance
* common peristomal complication
* Causes: contact with stool or urine, usually form leakage under the pouching system
or between the skin barrier and the stoma.
* Description: reddened, moist, painful skin
* Treatment: clean & dry the peristomal skin, use a protective skin barrier powder or
wipe the skin before applying the skin barrier, and remeasure the stoma to ensure the
use of correct size pouch and or skin barrier.
✔✔Kock pouch - ✔✔* internal pouch created from the distal segment of the ileum to
serve as a reservoir for stool or urine
✔✔Kock's continent ileostomy - ✔✔* an alternative to standard ileostomy
* Kock pouch is created with one-way nipple valve is constructed through the stoma
opening.
* Patient can insert a catheter through the one-way valve to drain the fecal contents of
the internal pouch.
* created to treat ulcerative colitis
QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS GUARANTEE A+
✔✔loop colostomy - ✔✔* a loop of the bowel is brought through the abdomen to the
skin surface and temporarily supported by a plastic bride or rod
* transverse loop colostomy is temporary created as an emergency procedure to relieve
an intestinal obstruction or perforation.
* may be opened at the time of surgery or a few days later
* has two openings through the one stoma
- Proximal end drains stool
- Distal portion drains mucus
* bridge can be removed in 1 to 2 weeks
✔✔double-barrel colostomy - ✔✔* created because of trauma, tumors, or inflammation
* create two separate stomas
* both ends of the bowel are temporary/permanently brought through the abdomen to
the skin surface as two separate section
* proximal stoma is functional and diverts feces to the abdominal wall
* distal stoma (mucous fistula) expels mucus from the distal colon and usually pouched
or covered with gauze dressing
* only irrigate proximal bowel, because distal bowel carries no fecal contents and does
not need irrigation.
✔✔convex inserts - ✔✔plastic discs that curve outward and are inserted inside the
flange of some two-piece ostomy system
✔✔cystectomy - ✔✔excision or resection of the bladder
✔✔denudation - ✔✔stripping of superficial skin surface
✔✔anastomosis - ✔✔formation of a connection between two usually distinct structures
or portions of a structure
✔✔filtered pouch - ✔✔ostomy output collection bag that incorporates an odor filtration
apparatus
✔✔flange - ✔✔rim used for attachment to another object, such as an ostomy pouch
attaching to a skin barrier
✔✔flatus - ✔✔gas or air generated in the stomach and/or intestines and expelled via
the anus or an intestinal ostomy
✔✔Hydrocolloids - ✔✔substance that forms a gel as fluid is absorbed and is used in
some ostomy products to absorb perspiration and other metabolic secretions while
preventing fungal and bacterial invasion
, ✔✔hydronephrosis - ✔✔enlargement of the kidneys as urine collects in the renal pelvis
and kidney tissue
✔✔hyperplasia - ✔✔abnormal increase in the volume of a tissue or organ
✔✔ileostomy - ✔✔* surgical opening created in the ileum to bypass the entire large
intestine. Located in he right lower quadrant
* use to treat colon cancer
* total proctocolectomy involve surgically removal of the entire colon, rectum, and anus,
with closure of the anus, resulting in the need for stool diversion.
* the end of the terminal ileum is brought out through the abdominal wall , forming a
permanent ileostomy.
* patient has no voluntary control of bowel movements.
✔✔ileostomy management - ✔✔* initial drainage is dark green, viscid, and odorless
* drainage gradually thickens and becomes yellow to brown.
* empty the pouch when it is 1/3 to 1/2 full.
* Relieving intra-abdominal pressure
- patient place moist towels on the abdomen, drink hot tea, lie down and assume a
knee-chest position.
- massage the abdominal area to promote peristalsis and fecal elimination.
* contact provider if experiencing
- abdominal cramping, nausea, vomitting, high-volume odorous effeluent, swelling of
the stoma, no ileostomy output for at least 6 hours.
✔✔irritant dermatitis - ✔✔* inflammation of the skin resulting from contact with an
irritating substance
* common peristomal complication
* Causes: contact with stool or urine, usually form leakage under the pouching system
or between the skin barrier and the stoma.
* Description: reddened, moist, painful skin
* Treatment: clean & dry the peristomal skin, use a protective skin barrier powder or
wipe the skin before applying the skin barrier, and remeasure the stoma to ensure the
use of correct size pouch and or skin barrier.
✔✔Kock pouch - ✔✔* internal pouch created from the distal segment of the ileum to
serve as a reservoir for stool or urine
✔✔Kock's continent ileostomy - ✔✔* an alternative to standard ileostomy
* Kock pouch is created with one-way nipple valve is constructed through the stoma
opening.
* Patient can insert a catheter through the one-way valve to drain the fecal contents of
the internal pouch.
* created to treat ulcerative colitis
