KINE 2115 LIFETIME HEALTH &
WELLNESS — 200 MCQs
Comprehensive Exam Preparation & Revision | Advanced Level
📋 EXAM COVERAGE DESCRIPTION
This exam covers the full scope of KINE 2115: Lifetime Health & Wellness, including:
Foundations of Health & Wellness: Dimensions of wellness, health continuum, lifestyle
factors, behavioral change models
Physical Fitness Components: Cardiorespiratory endurance, muscular strength &
endurance, flexibility, body composition, neuromotor fitness
Exercise Prescription & Training Principles: FITT principle, overload, specificity,
progression, reversibility, periodization
Cardiorespiratory Fitness: Aerobic capacity (VO2max), target heart rate, energy
systems, training adaptations
Muscular Fitness: Resistance training principles, types of muscle contractions, muscle
fiber types, adaptations
Flexibility & Functional Fitness: Types of stretching, range of motion, posture, low
back health
Body Composition: Methods of assessment, BMI, obesity, weight management, energy
balance
Nutrition: Macronutrients, micronutrients, dietary guidelines, MyPlate, sports nutrition,
eating disorders
Weight Management: Caloric balance, metabolism, obesity, healthy weight loss
strategies
Stress Management: Stress response, coping strategies, mental health, relaxation
techniques
Cardiovascular Disease & Cancer Prevention: Risk factors, lifestyle modifications,
screening
Substance Use & Abuse: Alcohol, tobacco, drugs — health effects and prevention
Sexual Health & Reproductive Wellness
Environmental & Consumer Health
Aging & Lifetime Wellness: Healthy aging, chronic disease prevention, quality of life
200 MCQ QUESTIONS
,SECTION 1: FOUNDATIONS OF HEALTH & WELLNESS
1. The World Health Organization (WHO) defines health as:
A. The absence of disease or infirmity B. A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-
being — not merely the absence of disease or infirmity C. The ability to perform daily activities
without fatigue D. A state of optimal physical fitness and nutrition E. Freedom from chronic
illness and disability
(Correct Answer: B) Rationale: The WHO definition of health (1948) deliberately extends
beyond the biomedical model (absence of disease) to encompass physical, mental, AND social
dimensions. This holistic definition acknowledges that true health requires positive well-being in
multiple life domains, not just freedom from pathology. This definition underpins the modern
wellness model and the shift from disease treatment toward health promotion and disease
prevention in public health.
2. The "wellness continuum" model suggests that health exists on a spectrum from:
A. Fitness to fatness B. Premature death/disability to high-level wellness/optimal health C. Poor
nutrition to optimal nutrition D. Sedentary lifestyle to elite athletic performance E. Childhood to
old age
(Correct Answer: B) Rationale: The wellness continuum illustrates that health is not a binary
state (sick vs. healthy) but exists on a continuum from premature death/severe disability at one
end to high-level wellness/optimal health at the other. The neutral point (absence of discernible
illness) is the middle. Most people aim to move toward the high-level wellness end through
positive lifestyle choices. This model emphasizes personal responsibility and proactive health
promotion rather than reactive disease treatment.
3. Which of the following BEST represents the concept of "wellness"?
A. Achieving an ideal body weight B. Being free of all disease and medical conditions C. An
active, ongoing process of making choices that lead to a fulfilling, balanced life across multiple
dimensions D. Maintaining an exercise routine of 5 days per week E. Living without stress or
emotional difficulties
(Correct Answer: C) Rationale: Wellness is a dynamic, active process — not a static state. It
involves consciously making decisions and taking actions that move toward a higher state of
health across all dimensions (physical, emotional, social, intellectual, spiritual, occupational,
environmental). Unlike health (which can be defined by the absence of disease), wellness implies
proactive engagement with life choices. A person can have a chronic illness and still achieve a
high level of wellness through positive coping and healthy behaviors.
,4. The seven dimensions of wellness typically include all of the following EXCEPT:
A. Physical wellness B. Emotional wellness C. Social wellness D. Financial wellness (sometimes
listed) and Intellectual wellness E. Athletic wellness
(Correct Answer: E) Rationale: The commonly recognized dimensions of wellness include:
Physical, Emotional/Mental, Social, Intellectual, Spiritual, Occupational (Vocational), and
Environmental. Some models also include Financial and Creative dimensions. "Athletic
wellness" is not a recognized dimension — physical wellness encompasses fitness, nutrition, and
health behaviors but is not synonymous with athletic ability. High physical wellness does not
require athletic performance; it refers to positive health behaviors related to the body.
5. Which leading cause of death in the United States is MOST preventable through lifestyle
modification?
A. Genetic disorders B. Accidents (unintentional injuries) C. Heart disease and cancer — the two
leading causes — which are significantly influenced by modifiable lifestyle factors D. Infectious
diseases E. Congenital disorders
(Correct Answer: C) Rationale: Heart disease and cancer consistently rank as the top two
causes of death in the US (accounting for nearly 50% of all deaths). Both are significantly
influenced by modifiable risk factors: smoking, poor diet, physical inactivity, obesity, excessive
alcohol use, and stress. Estimates suggest that up to 80% of heart disease and many cancers
could be prevented or delayed through lifestyle changes. This underscores the public health
emphasis on health promotion, disease prevention, and behavior change as the most effective
strategies for reducing mortality.
6. The Transtheoretical Model (TTM) of behavior change includes which stages?
A. Awareness, Contemplation, Planning, Action, Maintenance B. Precontemplation,
Contemplation, Preparation, Action, Maintenance (and Termination) C. Denial, Acceptance,
Change, Relapse, Recovery D. Motivation, Goal-setting, Action, Evaluation, Continuation E.
Awareness, Desire, Knowledge, Ability, Reinforcement
(Correct Answer: B) Rationale: The Transtheoretical Model (Prochaska & DiClemente)
describes behavior change through five main stages: (1) Precontemplation — not considering
change in the next 6 months; (2) Contemplation — considering change within 6 months; (3)
Preparation — planning change within 30 days; (4) Action — actively changed behavior for less
than 6 months; (5) Maintenance — sustained change for more than 6 months. A sixth stage
(Termination — no temptation to relapse) is sometimes included. Relapse is recognized as a
, normal part of the process. This model helps practitioners tailor interventions to the individual's
readiness for change.
7. "Self-efficacy" in the context of health behavior change refers to:
A. The ability to follow a physician's medical recommendations B. A person's belief in their own
ability to successfully perform a specific behavior or achieve a goal C. External motivation
provided by rewards and incentives D. The social support available to a person attempting
behavior change E. A person's actual physical ability to perform exercise
(Correct Answer: B) Rationale: Self-efficacy (Bandura's Social Cognitive Theory) is one of
the most powerful predictors of health behavior change and maintenance. It is the individual's
confidence in their ability to perform a specific behavior in specific situations — NOT their
actual ability. High self-efficacy is associated with initiating change, persisting through
difficulties, and recovering from setbacks. Sources of self-efficacy: mastery experiences (past
successes); vicarious experiences (observing similar others succeed); social persuasion
(encouragement); and physiological states (managing arousal/anxiety).
8. The Health Belief Model (HBM) proposes that health behavior is influenced by:
A. Social norms and peer pressure only B. Perceived susceptibility to a health threat, perceived
severity, perceived benefits of action, perceived barriers, cues to action, and self-efficacy C. The
individual's genetic predisposition and family history D. Access to healthcare and socioeconomic
status exclusively E. The reinforcement history of past health behaviors
(Correct Answer: B) Rationale: The Health Belief Model (Rosenstock) includes six constructs:
(1) Perceived Susceptibility — belief about risk of getting the condition; (2) Perceived Severity
— belief about the seriousness of the condition; (3) Perceived Benefits — belief that taking
action will reduce risk; (4) Perceived Barriers — belief about the costs/obstacles of taking action;
(5) Cues to Action — triggers that prompt behavior (symptoms, media, advice); (6) Self-Efficacy
— confidence in ability to perform the behavior. The model predicts that people will take action
when they believe they are susceptible, the condition is serious, benefits outweigh barriers, and
they feel capable.
9. Modifiable risk factors for chronic disease include:
A. Age, sex, and family history B. Genetics and race/ethnicity C. Physical inactivity, poor diet,
smoking, excessive alcohol use, and obesity D. Blood type and hormone levels determined by
genetics E. Environmental pollution and workplace exposures only
WELLNESS — 200 MCQs
Comprehensive Exam Preparation & Revision | Advanced Level
📋 EXAM COVERAGE DESCRIPTION
This exam covers the full scope of KINE 2115: Lifetime Health & Wellness, including:
Foundations of Health & Wellness: Dimensions of wellness, health continuum, lifestyle
factors, behavioral change models
Physical Fitness Components: Cardiorespiratory endurance, muscular strength &
endurance, flexibility, body composition, neuromotor fitness
Exercise Prescription & Training Principles: FITT principle, overload, specificity,
progression, reversibility, periodization
Cardiorespiratory Fitness: Aerobic capacity (VO2max), target heart rate, energy
systems, training adaptations
Muscular Fitness: Resistance training principles, types of muscle contractions, muscle
fiber types, adaptations
Flexibility & Functional Fitness: Types of stretching, range of motion, posture, low
back health
Body Composition: Methods of assessment, BMI, obesity, weight management, energy
balance
Nutrition: Macronutrients, micronutrients, dietary guidelines, MyPlate, sports nutrition,
eating disorders
Weight Management: Caloric balance, metabolism, obesity, healthy weight loss
strategies
Stress Management: Stress response, coping strategies, mental health, relaxation
techniques
Cardiovascular Disease & Cancer Prevention: Risk factors, lifestyle modifications,
screening
Substance Use & Abuse: Alcohol, tobacco, drugs — health effects and prevention
Sexual Health & Reproductive Wellness
Environmental & Consumer Health
Aging & Lifetime Wellness: Healthy aging, chronic disease prevention, quality of life
200 MCQ QUESTIONS
,SECTION 1: FOUNDATIONS OF HEALTH & WELLNESS
1. The World Health Organization (WHO) defines health as:
A. The absence of disease or infirmity B. A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-
being — not merely the absence of disease or infirmity C. The ability to perform daily activities
without fatigue D. A state of optimal physical fitness and nutrition E. Freedom from chronic
illness and disability
(Correct Answer: B) Rationale: The WHO definition of health (1948) deliberately extends
beyond the biomedical model (absence of disease) to encompass physical, mental, AND social
dimensions. This holistic definition acknowledges that true health requires positive well-being in
multiple life domains, not just freedom from pathology. This definition underpins the modern
wellness model and the shift from disease treatment toward health promotion and disease
prevention in public health.
2. The "wellness continuum" model suggests that health exists on a spectrum from:
A. Fitness to fatness B. Premature death/disability to high-level wellness/optimal health C. Poor
nutrition to optimal nutrition D. Sedentary lifestyle to elite athletic performance E. Childhood to
old age
(Correct Answer: B) Rationale: The wellness continuum illustrates that health is not a binary
state (sick vs. healthy) but exists on a continuum from premature death/severe disability at one
end to high-level wellness/optimal health at the other. The neutral point (absence of discernible
illness) is the middle. Most people aim to move toward the high-level wellness end through
positive lifestyle choices. This model emphasizes personal responsibility and proactive health
promotion rather than reactive disease treatment.
3. Which of the following BEST represents the concept of "wellness"?
A. Achieving an ideal body weight B. Being free of all disease and medical conditions C. An
active, ongoing process of making choices that lead to a fulfilling, balanced life across multiple
dimensions D. Maintaining an exercise routine of 5 days per week E. Living without stress or
emotional difficulties
(Correct Answer: C) Rationale: Wellness is a dynamic, active process — not a static state. It
involves consciously making decisions and taking actions that move toward a higher state of
health across all dimensions (physical, emotional, social, intellectual, spiritual, occupational,
environmental). Unlike health (which can be defined by the absence of disease), wellness implies
proactive engagement with life choices. A person can have a chronic illness and still achieve a
high level of wellness through positive coping and healthy behaviors.
,4. The seven dimensions of wellness typically include all of the following EXCEPT:
A. Physical wellness B. Emotional wellness C. Social wellness D. Financial wellness (sometimes
listed) and Intellectual wellness E. Athletic wellness
(Correct Answer: E) Rationale: The commonly recognized dimensions of wellness include:
Physical, Emotional/Mental, Social, Intellectual, Spiritual, Occupational (Vocational), and
Environmental. Some models also include Financial and Creative dimensions. "Athletic
wellness" is not a recognized dimension — physical wellness encompasses fitness, nutrition, and
health behaviors but is not synonymous with athletic ability. High physical wellness does not
require athletic performance; it refers to positive health behaviors related to the body.
5. Which leading cause of death in the United States is MOST preventable through lifestyle
modification?
A. Genetic disorders B. Accidents (unintentional injuries) C. Heart disease and cancer — the two
leading causes — which are significantly influenced by modifiable lifestyle factors D. Infectious
diseases E. Congenital disorders
(Correct Answer: C) Rationale: Heart disease and cancer consistently rank as the top two
causes of death in the US (accounting for nearly 50% of all deaths). Both are significantly
influenced by modifiable risk factors: smoking, poor diet, physical inactivity, obesity, excessive
alcohol use, and stress. Estimates suggest that up to 80% of heart disease and many cancers
could be prevented or delayed through lifestyle changes. This underscores the public health
emphasis on health promotion, disease prevention, and behavior change as the most effective
strategies for reducing mortality.
6. The Transtheoretical Model (TTM) of behavior change includes which stages?
A. Awareness, Contemplation, Planning, Action, Maintenance B. Precontemplation,
Contemplation, Preparation, Action, Maintenance (and Termination) C. Denial, Acceptance,
Change, Relapse, Recovery D. Motivation, Goal-setting, Action, Evaluation, Continuation E.
Awareness, Desire, Knowledge, Ability, Reinforcement
(Correct Answer: B) Rationale: The Transtheoretical Model (Prochaska & DiClemente)
describes behavior change through five main stages: (1) Precontemplation — not considering
change in the next 6 months; (2) Contemplation — considering change within 6 months; (3)
Preparation — planning change within 30 days; (4) Action — actively changed behavior for less
than 6 months; (5) Maintenance — sustained change for more than 6 months. A sixth stage
(Termination — no temptation to relapse) is sometimes included. Relapse is recognized as a
, normal part of the process. This model helps practitioners tailor interventions to the individual's
readiness for change.
7. "Self-efficacy" in the context of health behavior change refers to:
A. The ability to follow a physician's medical recommendations B. A person's belief in their own
ability to successfully perform a specific behavior or achieve a goal C. External motivation
provided by rewards and incentives D. The social support available to a person attempting
behavior change E. A person's actual physical ability to perform exercise
(Correct Answer: B) Rationale: Self-efficacy (Bandura's Social Cognitive Theory) is one of
the most powerful predictors of health behavior change and maintenance. It is the individual's
confidence in their ability to perform a specific behavior in specific situations — NOT their
actual ability. High self-efficacy is associated with initiating change, persisting through
difficulties, and recovering from setbacks. Sources of self-efficacy: mastery experiences (past
successes); vicarious experiences (observing similar others succeed); social persuasion
(encouragement); and physiological states (managing arousal/anxiety).
8. The Health Belief Model (HBM) proposes that health behavior is influenced by:
A. Social norms and peer pressure only B. Perceived susceptibility to a health threat, perceived
severity, perceived benefits of action, perceived barriers, cues to action, and self-efficacy C. The
individual's genetic predisposition and family history D. Access to healthcare and socioeconomic
status exclusively E. The reinforcement history of past health behaviors
(Correct Answer: B) Rationale: The Health Belief Model (Rosenstock) includes six constructs:
(1) Perceived Susceptibility — belief about risk of getting the condition; (2) Perceived Severity
— belief about the seriousness of the condition; (3) Perceived Benefits — belief that taking
action will reduce risk; (4) Perceived Barriers — belief about the costs/obstacles of taking action;
(5) Cues to Action — triggers that prompt behavior (symptoms, media, advice); (6) Self-Efficacy
— confidence in ability to perform the behavior. The model predicts that people will take action
when they believe they are susceptible, the condition is serious, benefits outweigh barriers, and
they feel capable.
9. Modifiable risk factors for chronic disease include:
A. Age, sex, and family history B. Genetics and race/ethnicity C. Physical inactivity, poor diet,
smoking, excessive alcohol use, and obesity D. Blood type and hormone levels determined by
genetics E. Environmental pollution and workplace exposures only
