Cervical Thoracic Spine UPDATED SCRIPT 2026 PRACTICE SOLUTIONS GRADED A+

Cervical Thoracic Spine UPDATED SCRIPT
2026 PRACTICE SOLUTIONS GRADED A+

● intervertebral discs. Answer: - annulus fibrosus (outer)
= oblique fiber direction
- nucleus pulposus
= soft mucoidal material


● Movements of cervical spine. Answer: - flx. (Atlantooccipital joint)
- ext. (Atlantooccipital joint)
- lat. flx.
- rot. (Atlantoaxial joint)


● cervical flx. ROM. Answer: 50 degrees
- **bulge present on posterior cervical spine c flx. signals possible atlas
subluxation (PROM should not be applied)**


● cervical ext. ROM. Answer: 80 degrees


● cervical lat. flx. ROM. Answer: 45 degrees


● cervical rot. ROM. Answer: 85 degrees

, ● Cervical plexus. Answer: nerve roots C1-4
- C2-4 provide sensation and motor control to neck and scalp
**phrenic nerve= C3-5**


● Brachial plexus. Answer: nerve roots C5-T1
- nerves converge into upper (C5-6) middle (C7) and lower trunks (C8-
T1)
- trunks divide into 3 ant. and post. divisions
- divisions converge into med. post. and lat. cords
- cords divide into terminal nerves


● acute soft tissue injuries to cervical spine. Answer: - contusions
- sprains
- strains


● contusions to cervical spine. Answer: - uncommon in area
- MOI = direct blow
S/Sx:
- p!
- spasm
- decrease ROM