PSYC 421 PSYCH TESTING AND ASSESSMENT CH. 8 QUESTIONS WELL ANSWERED LATEST UPDATE 2026

PSYC 421 PSYCH TESTING AND ASSESSMENT CH. 8 QUESTIONS WELL ANSWERED LATEST UPDATE 2026 Test development is an umbrella term for all that goes into the process of creating a test. The process of developing a test occurs in five stages .. - Answers 1) test conceptualization 2) test construction 3) test tryout 4) item analysis 5) test revision test construction stage involves.. - Answers writing test items, formatting items, setting scoring rules, designing and building a test item analysis - Answers is used in order to make judgements about which items are good as they are , which items need to be revised, and which items should be discarded test revision refers to action taken to .. - Answers modify a test's content or format for the purpose of improving the test's effectiveness as a tool of measurement For a prospective test developer ..what are some preliminary questions?? - Answers What is the test designed to measure? What is the objective of the test? Is there a need for this test? Who will use this test? Who will take this test? What content will the test cover? How will the test be administered? What is the ideal format of the test? Should more that one form of the test be developed? What special training will be required of test users for administering or interpreting the test? What types of responses will be required of testtakers? Who benefits from an administration of this test? Is there any potential for harm as the result of an administration of this test? How will meaning be attributed to scores on this test? A good item on a norm referenced achievement test is an item for which .. - Answers high scorers on the test responded correctly. Low scorers on the test tend to respond to that same item incorrectly. On a criterion oriented test .. - Answers high scorers on the test get a particular item right whereas low scorers get the same item wrong. YET that is NOT what makes an item good or acceptable from this perspective. Ideally, each item on a criterion oriented test addresses the issue of whether the testtaker has met certain criteria Criterion referenced testing is commonly employed in.. - Answers licensing contexts, educational The development of criterion referenced instruments derives from a .. - Answers conceptualization of the knowledge or skills to be mastered The development of a criterion referenced test procedure may entail exploratory work with at least ... - Answers two groups of testtakers - one group known to have mastered the knowledge or skill being measured and another group known not to have mastered such knowledge or skill Terms such as pilot work, pilot study, and pilot research refer to .. - Answers the preliminary research surrounding the creation of a prototype of the test In pilot work, the test developer typically attempts to.. - Answers determine how best to measure a targeted construct. This process may entail literature reviews and experimentation as well as the creation, revision, and deletion of preliminary test items Scaling is .. - Answers the process of setting rules for assigning numbers in measurement *LL Thurstone Types of scales? - Answers age based, grade based, stanine scale -if all raw scores on the test are transformed into scores that can range from 1 to 9 *may be categorized as unidimensional, multidimensional, comparative, categorical The Morally Debatable Behaviors Scale Revised (MDBS-R) is considered a - Answers rating scale, which is defined as a grouping of words, statements, or symbols of which judgements of the strength of a particular trait, attitude, or emotion are indicated by the testtaker. Rating scales can be used to record judgements of oneself, others, experiences, or objects and can take several forms *on the MDBS-R ..the ratings that the testtaker makes for each of the 30 test items are added together to obtain a final score. The scores range from a low of 30 to a high of 300. The final test scores is obtained by summing the ratings across all the items ..it is termed SUMMATIVE SCALE One type of summative rating scale is the .. - Answers Likert scale It is used extensively in psych, usually to scale attitudes. They are relatively easy to construct. Each item presents the testtaker with five alternative responses (at times 7), usually on an agree disagree or approve dissaprove continuum. They are usually reliable, which may account for their widespread popularity. The use of rating scales of any type resulted in .. - Answers ordinal level data Some rating scales are ________ where others are _________ - Answers unidimensional; multidimensional Another scaling method that produces ordinal data is the _________ ____ _________ __________ where testtakers are presented with pairs of stimuli which they are asked to compare. The must select one of the stimuli according to some rule. - Answers method of paired comparisons *for each pair of options, testtakers recieve a higher score for selecting the option deemed more justifiable by the majority of a group of judges p. 249 A method of sorting known as comparative scaling entails .. - Answers judgements of a stimulus in comparison with every other stimulus on the scale A method of scaling known as categorical scaling is when .. - Answers stimuli are placed into one of two or more alternative categories that differ quantitatively with respect to some continuum. A method of scaling known as a Guttman scale which yields ordinal level measures has - Answers items that range sequentially from weaker to stronger - expressions of attitude, belief, or feeling