PSYC 421 CH 7 EXAM QUESTIONS WELL ANSWERED LATEST UPDATE 2026
It is a basic principle of Bayesianism that beliefs are like on-off switches. You either have them or you
do not - Answers False
Bayesians think that beliefs come in degrees and that degrees of belief have to obey the probability
calculus - Answers True
For Bayesians, a belief is -- - Answers a probability assignment
The probability of conjunction, p(A & B), where A and B are independent of each other, is calculated
as -- - Answers p(A) p(B)
The probability of a disjunction, p(A Ú B), where A and B are mutually exclusive, , is calculated as -- -
Answers The probability of a disjunction, p(A B), where A and B are mutually exclusive, , is calculated
as --
The probability of A, conditional upon B is written as p(A/B) and defined as p(A & B)/p(B). - Answers
True
In order to apply Bayes's Rule discover how probable a hypothesis is relative to the given evidence
p(H/E), we start with p(E/H). This is called - Answers The likelihood
In applying Bayes's Rule, the prior probability of the hypothesis, p(H), is irrelevant. All that matters is
the likelihood of the evidence, given the hypothesis. - Answers false
Suppose that you test positive for a disease and the test is highly reliable. Bayes's Rule shows that, if
the disease is rare enough, then the probability that you have the disease may be very low. - Answers
True
In Bayesian approaches to perception, principles like the Gestalt principles function as: - Answers
priors
The Bayesian explanation of binocular rivalry discussed in the text is that the visual system switches at
random between two hypotheses with equal posterior probabilities. - Answers true
If you add together the utilities from each possible outcome of an action, each weighted by its
probability, then you have calculated the action's - Answers expected utility
Saccadic eye movements allow the eye to track objects moving continuously - Answers false
The neurons that Glimcher's experiments seem to show to be sensitive to prior probabilities are
located in the: - Answers Lateral intraparietal area
Glimcher tested for sensitivity to probability in individual neurons by measuring their firing rates and -
Answers Varying the probability that a saccade in one direction would yield a reward.
Glimcher found neurons in the parietal cortex that were sensitive to probability but none that were
sensitive to utility - Answers false
Glimcher tested for sensitivity to the value of a reward in individual neurons by measuring their firing
rates and - Answers Varying the reward that a successful saccade would produce
When Glimcher used a free-choice version of the cued saccade paradigm he found that monkeys
displayed a form of matching behavior. This means that - Answers The proportion of times that they
made a saccade in the two directions matched the distribution of the reward across the two
alternatives.
If it is behaving as predicted by melioration theory, a monkey in a free-choice cued saccade paradigm
will be primarily sensitive to the complete reward history of the two alternatives. - Answers false
If it is behaving as predicted by melioration theory, a monkey in a free-choice cued saccade paradigm
will be primarily sensitive to how each of the two alternatives has been rewarded in the recent past
(e.g. the last 10 trials). - Answers true
It is a basic principle of Bayesianism that beliefs are like on-off switches. You either have them or you
do not - Answers False
Bayesians think that beliefs come in degrees and that degrees of belief have to obey the probability
calculus - Answers True
For Bayesians, a belief is -- - Answers a probability assignment
The probability of conjunction, p(A & B), where A and B are independent of each other, is calculated
as -- - Answers p(A) p(B)
The probability of a disjunction, p(A Ú B), where A and B are mutually exclusive, , is calculated as -- -
Answers The probability of a disjunction, p(A B), where A and B are mutually exclusive, , is calculated
as --
The probability of A, conditional upon B is written as p(A/B) and defined as p(A & B)/p(B). - Answers
True
In order to apply Bayes's Rule discover how probable a hypothesis is relative to the given evidence
p(H/E), we start with p(E/H). This is called - Answers The likelihood
In applying Bayes's Rule, the prior probability of the hypothesis, p(H), is irrelevant. All that matters is
the likelihood of the evidence, given the hypothesis. - Answers false
Suppose that you test positive for a disease and the test is highly reliable. Bayes's Rule shows that, if
the disease is rare enough, then the probability that you have the disease may be very low. - Answers
True
In Bayesian approaches to perception, principles like the Gestalt principles function as: - Answers
priors
The Bayesian explanation of binocular rivalry discussed in the text is that the visual system switches at
random between two hypotheses with equal posterior probabilities. - Answers true
If you add together the utilities from each possible outcome of an action, each weighted by its
probability, then you have calculated the action's - Answers expected utility
Saccadic eye movements allow the eye to track objects moving continuously - Answers false
The neurons that Glimcher's experiments seem to show to be sensitive to prior probabilities are
located in the: - Answers Lateral intraparietal area
Glimcher tested for sensitivity to probability in individual neurons by measuring their firing rates and -
Answers Varying the probability that a saccade in one direction would yield a reward.
Glimcher found neurons in the parietal cortex that were sensitive to probability but none that were
sensitive to utility - Answers false
Glimcher tested for sensitivity to the value of a reward in individual neurons by measuring their firing
rates and - Answers Varying the reward that a successful saccade would produce
When Glimcher used a free-choice version of the cued saccade paradigm he found that monkeys
displayed a form of matching behavior. This means that - Answers The proportion of times that they
made a saccade in the two directions matched the distribution of the reward across the two
alternatives.
If it is behaving as predicted by melioration theory, a monkey in a free-choice cued saccade paradigm
will be primarily sensitive to the complete reward history of the two alternatives. - Answers false
If it is behaving as predicted by melioration theory, a monkey in a free-choice cued saccade paradigm
will be primarily sensitive to how each of the two alternatives has been rewarded in the recent past
(e.g. the last 10 trials). - Answers true
