PSYC 421 CH 8 EXAM QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED SOLUTIONS LATEST UPDATE 2026
test development p240 - Answers an umbrella term for all that goes into the process of creating a
test
test conceptualization p240 - Answers first stage in developing a test
test construction p240 - Answers a stage in the process of test development that entails writing test
items ( or rewriting existing items) as well as formatting items, setting scoring rules, and otherwise
designing and building a test
test tryout p240 - Answers when a test has been developed and is administered to a representative
sample of testtakers under conditions that simulate the conditions that the final version of the test
will be administered under
test revision p240 - Answers action taken to modify a test's content or format for the purpose of
improving the test's effectiveness as a tool of measurement
pilot work p243 - Answers the preliminary research surrounding the creation of a prototype of the
test
scaling p244 - Answers the process of setting rules for assigning numbers in measurement; process by
which a measuring device is designed and calibrated and by which numbers--scale values--are
assigned to different amounts of the trait, attribute, or characteristic being measured
summative scale p247 - Answers the final test score that is obtained by summing the ratings across all
the items
Likert scale p247 - Answers type of summative scale that is used extensively in psych, usually to scale
attitudes
comparative scaling p249 - Answers method of sorting that entails judgments of a stimulus in
comparison with every other stimulus on the scale
categorical scaling p249 - Answers scaling system in which stimuli are placed into one of two or more
alternative categories that differ quantitatively with respect to some continuum
Guttman scale p250 - Answers scaling method that yields ordinal-level measures
scalogram analysis p250 - Answers an item-analysis procedure and approach to test development
that involves a graphic mapping of a testtaker's responses
item pool p251 - Answers the reservoir or well from which items will or will not be drawn for the final
version of the test
item format p252 - Answers variables such as the form, plan, structure, arrangement, and layout of
individual test items
selected-response format p252 - Answers items presented in a way that requires testtakers to select
a response from a set of alternative responses
constructed-response format p252 - Answers require testtakers to supply or to create the correct
answer, not merely select it
multiple-choice format p252 - Answers an item written with three elements 1) a stem 2) a correct
alternative or option, and 3) several incorrect alternatives or options variously referred to as
distractors or foils
matching item p253 - Answers the testtaker is presented with two columns: premises on the left and
responses on the right
binary-choice item p254 - Answers a multiple-choice item that contains only two possible responses
true-false item p254 - Answers the most familiar binary-choice item where a testtaker must indicate
whether the statement is or is not a fact
completion item p254 - Answers requires the examinee to provide a word or phrase that completes a
sentence, as in the following example
short-answer item p254 - Answers a completion item reference; there aren't rules for how short an
answer must be; a word, a term, a sentence, or a paragraph
essay item p255 - Answers a test item that requires the testtaker to respond to a question by writing
a composition, typically one that demonstrates recall of facts, understanding, analysis, or
interpretation
item bank p255 - Answers a relatively large and easily accessible collection of test questions
computerized adaptive testing (CAT) p255 - Answers an interactive, computer-administered test-
taking process wherein items presented to the testtaker are based in part on the testtaker's
performance on previous items
test development p240 - Answers an umbrella term for all that goes into the process of creating a
test
test conceptualization p240 - Answers first stage in developing a test
test construction p240 - Answers a stage in the process of test development that entails writing test
items ( or rewriting existing items) as well as formatting items, setting scoring rules, and otherwise
designing and building a test
test tryout p240 - Answers when a test has been developed and is administered to a representative
sample of testtakers under conditions that simulate the conditions that the final version of the test
will be administered under
test revision p240 - Answers action taken to modify a test's content or format for the purpose of
improving the test's effectiveness as a tool of measurement
pilot work p243 - Answers the preliminary research surrounding the creation of a prototype of the
test
scaling p244 - Answers the process of setting rules for assigning numbers in measurement; process by
which a measuring device is designed and calibrated and by which numbers--scale values--are
assigned to different amounts of the trait, attribute, or characteristic being measured
summative scale p247 - Answers the final test score that is obtained by summing the ratings across all
the items
Likert scale p247 - Answers type of summative scale that is used extensively in psych, usually to scale
attitudes
comparative scaling p249 - Answers method of sorting that entails judgments of a stimulus in
comparison with every other stimulus on the scale
categorical scaling p249 - Answers scaling system in which stimuli are placed into one of two or more
alternative categories that differ quantitatively with respect to some continuum
Guttman scale p250 - Answers scaling method that yields ordinal-level measures
scalogram analysis p250 - Answers an item-analysis procedure and approach to test development
that involves a graphic mapping of a testtaker's responses
item pool p251 - Answers the reservoir or well from which items will or will not be drawn for the final
version of the test
item format p252 - Answers variables such as the form, plan, structure, arrangement, and layout of
individual test items
selected-response format p252 - Answers items presented in a way that requires testtakers to select
a response from a set of alternative responses
constructed-response format p252 - Answers require testtakers to supply or to create the correct
answer, not merely select it
multiple-choice format p252 - Answers an item written with three elements 1) a stem 2) a correct
alternative or option, and 3) several incorrect alternatives or options variously referred to as
distractors or foils
matching item p253 - Answers the testtaker is presented with two columns: premises on the left and
responses on the right
binary-choice item p254 - Answers a multiple-choice item that contains only two possible responses
true-false item p254 - Answers the most familiar binary-choice item where a testtaker must indicate
whether the statement is or is not a fact
completion item p254 - Answers requires the examinee to provide a word or phrase that completes a
sentence, as in the following example
short-answer item p254 - Answers a completion item reference; there aren't rules for how short an
answer must be; a word, a term, a sentence, or a paragraph
essay item p255 - Answers a test item that requires the testtaker to respond to a question by writing
a composition, typically one that demonstrates recall of facts, understanding, analysis, or
interpretation
item bank p255 - Answers a relatively large and easily accessible collection of test questions
computerized adaptive testing (CAT) p255 - Answers an interactive, computer-administered test-
taking process wherein items presented to the testtaker are based in part on the testtaker's
performance on previous items
