HESI PHARMACOLOGY EXIT EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | 2026
UPDATE | 100% CORRECT.
What is the indication for metoclopramide/reglan? - ANS Prevention of chemotherapy-
induced emesis and diabetic gastroparesis
Side effects of metoclopramide/reglan - ANS Drowsiness, EPS such as tremors
Notify MD if what occurs when using metoclopramide/reglan - ANS Tremors
What is the indication xenical (orlistat, Alli) - ANS For PTs with BMI of 30+; LT weight control
SE of xenical (orlistat or alli) - ANS Oily stool and flatulence
Nursing implications for a pt on xenical (orlistat or alli) - ANS Ask pt to describe dietary intake
since SE are increased if greater than 30% of fat is in diet.
What can decrease side effects of xenical (orlistat or alli) - ANS Fiber laxatives like Metamucil
help decrease SE by binding to the fat.
Which type of fluids need plenty of water? - ANS Bulk forming laxatives
@COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 1 OF 21
,Why do you need plenty of fluids when taking bulk forming laxatives - ANS Because they can
produce esophageal and or intestinal obstruction
Laxative use assessment - ANS Last BM and characteristics, abdominal pain, fever and
obstruction. Assess dietary and fluid intake.
With laxative use the nurse should - ANS Encourage fluids, fiber and exercise as
tolerated/indicated
Laxative use and result in - ANS Lack of bowel tone which can lead to dependency
what is ondansetron (zofran) - ANS antiemetic
What is ondansetron (zofran)used for? - ANS Prevention of N/V associated with
chemotherapy and radiation therapy.
Who should you use caution with when giving ondansetron/zofran? - ANS PTs with liver
failure
Drugs for ulcerative colitis and crohns - ANS 5 aminosalicylates; mesalamie, sulfasalazine.
How do 5 aminosalicylates; (mesalamie, sulfasalazine) work? - ANS They decrease GI
inflammation
Side effects of 5 aminosalicylates; (mesalamie, sulfasalazine) - ANS Nausea, rash, arthralgia,
hematological disorders
Which drug can cause colitis/c.diff - ANS Linezolid/zyvox
What kind of infection is c.diff - ANS Suprainfection
@COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 2 OF 21
, What is azithromycin/zithromax? - ANS An antibiotic
What does azithromycin/zithromax treat? - ANS STDs such as: gonorrhea and chlamydia
How much azithromycin/zithromax is usually required? - ANS One dose of 1g or 2g.
If a female pt has trichomonas (any STI) and is asymptomatic does the male need to be tested? -
ANS Yes!
azithromycin/zithromax can cause what? - ANS Hepatotoxicity- elevated liver enzymes
What is nitrofurantoin/cipro used for? - ANS An antibiotic for UTI
nitrofurantoin/cipro side effect - ANS Hepatotoxicity, skin reactions, neuropathy
nitrofurantoin/cipro nursing considerations - ANS Give with milk or meals check LFTs. Watch
for numbness or tingling of extremities this can be an irreversible peripheral neuropathy
Drug of choice for treating c.diff? - ANS Metronidazole/flagyl
When is metronidazole/flagyl to be taken? - ANS With food and around the clock
What should be avoided when taking metronidazole/flagyl and why? - ANS Alcohol; can
cause a disulfiram-like reaction
aminoglycosides examples - ANS gentamicin(garamycin), neomycin, tobramycin(nebcin)
how are aminoglycosides ,(-mycin, -micin), administered? - ANS given IV for several days
@COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 3 OF 21
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | 2026
UPDATE | 100% CORRECT.
What is the indication for metoclopramide/reglan? - ANS Prevention of chemotherapy-
induced emesis and diabetic gastroparesis
Side effects of metoclopramide/reglan - ANS Drowsiness, EPS such as tremors
Notify MD if what occurs when using metoclopramide/reglan - ANS Tremors
What is the indication xenical (orlistat, Alli) - ANS For PTs with BMI of 30+; LT weight control
SE of xenical (orlistat or alli) - ANS Oily stool and flatulence
Nursing implications for a pt on xenical (orlistat or alli) - ANS Ask pt to describe dietary intake
since SE are increased if greater than 30% of fat is in diet.
What can decrease side effects of xenical (orlistat or alli) - ANS Fiber laxatives like Metamucil
help decrease SE by binding to the fat.
Which type of fluids need plenty of water? - ANS Bulk forming laxatives
@COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 1 OF 21
,Why do you need plenty of fluids when taking bulk forming laxatives - ANS Because they can
produce esophageal and or intestinal obstruction
Laxative use assessment - ANS Last BM and characteristics, abdominal pain, fever and
obstruction. Assess dietary and fluid intake.
With laxative use the nurse should - ANS Encourage fluids, fiber and exercise as
tolerated/indicated
Laxative use and result in - ANS Lack of bowel tone which can lead to dependency
what is ondansetron (zofran) - ANS antiemetic
What is ondansetron (zofran)used for? - ANS Prevention of N/V associated with
chemotherapy and radiation therapy.
Who should you use caution with when giving ondansetron/zofran? - ANS PTs with liver
failure
Drugs for ulcerative colitis and crohns - ANS 5 aminosalicylates; mesalamie, sulfasalazine.
How do 5 aminosalicylates; (mesalamie, sulfasalazine) work? - ANS They decrease GI
inflammation
Side effects of 5 aminosalicylates; (mesalamie, sulfasalazine) - ANS Nausea, rash, arthralgia,
hematological disorders
Which drug can cause colitis/c.diff - ANS Linezolid/zyvox
What kind of infection is c.diff - ANS Suprainfection
@COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 2 OF 21
, What is azithromycin/zithromax? - ANS An antibiotic
What does azithromycin/zithromax treat? - ANS STDs such as: gonorrhea and chlamydia
How much azithromycin/zithromax is usually required? - ANS One dose of 1g or 2g.
If a female pt has trichomonas (any STI) and is asymptomatic does the male need to be tested? -
ANS Yes!
azithromycin/zithromax can cause what? - ANS Hepatotoxicity- elevated liver enzymes
What is nitrofurantoin/cipro used for? - ANS An antibiotic for UTI
nitrofurantoin/cipro side effect - ANS Hepatotoxicity, skin reactions, neuropathy
nitrofurantoin/cipro nursing considerations - ANS Give with milk or meals check LFTs. Watch
for numbness or tingling of extremities this can be an irreversible peripheral neuropathy
Drug of choice for treating c.diff? - ANS Metronidazole/flagyl
When is metronidazole/flagyl to be taken? - ANS With food and around the clock
What should be avoided when taking metronidazole/flagyl and why? - ANS Alcohol; can
cause a disulfiram-like reaction
aminoglycosides examples - ANS gentamicin(garamycin), neomycin, tobramycin(nebcin)
how are aminoglycosides ,(-mycin, -micin), administered? - ANS given IV for several days
@COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 3 OF 21
