RASMUSSEN PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
EXAM 2 QUESTIONS & DETAILED
ANSWERS RATED 100% CORRECT
type 1 diabetes - Correct Answer ✔✔ Diabetes of a form that usually develops during
childhood or adolescence and is characterized by a severe deficiency of insulin, leading
to high blood glucose levels. polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia.
type 2 diabetes - Correct Answer ✔✔ Diabetes of a form that develops especially in
adults and most often obese individuals and that is characterized by high blood glucose
resulting from impaired insulin utilization coupled with the body's inability to compensate
with increased insulin production.
Pathophysiology of diabetes - Correct Answer ✔✔ The pathophysiology of diabetes
involves plasm concentrations of glucose signaling the central nervous system to
mobilize energy reserves. It is based on cerebral blood flow and tissue integrity, arterial
plasma glucose, the speed that plasma glucose concentrations fall, and other available
metabolic fuels. Low plasma glucose causes a surge in autonomic activity.
acromegaly - Correct Answer ✔✔ abnormal enlargement of the extremities. occurs in
adults
hyperthyroidism - Correct Answer ✔✔ excessive activity of the thyroid gland- >thyroxine
ØInsomnia, restlessness, tremor, irritability, palpitations, heat intolerance, diaphoresis,
diarrhea, inability to concentrate that interferes with work performance; enlarged thyroid
gland
ØIncreased basal metabolic rate leads to weight loss, although appetite and dietary
intake increase.
hyperperathyroidism - Correct Answer ✔✔ Hyperparathyroidism is a condition in which
one or more of the parathyroid glands become overactive and secrete too much
parathyroid hormone (PTH). This causes the levels of calcium in the blood to rise, a
condition known as hypercalcemia.
childhood gigantism - Correct Answer ✔✔ pituitary gigantism when your child's pituitary
gland makes too much growth hormone, which is also known as somatotropin. if not
treated they will have a lower life expectancy and weak limbs. risk of cardiomegaly and
heart failure
hypothyroidism - Correct Answer ✔✔ A disorder caused by a thyroid gland that is
slower and less productive than normal
ØDecreased basal metabolic rate
, ØWeakness, lethargy, cold intolerance, decreased appetite
ØBradycardia, narrowed pulse pressure, and mild/moderate weight gain
ØElevated serum cholesterol and triglycerides
ØEnlarged thyroid, dry skin, constipation
ØDepression, difficulties with concentration/memory
ØLoss of eyebrow
Menstrual irregularity
primary hypothyroidism - Correct Answer ✔✔ Hashimoto's disease (causes your
immune system to mistakenly attack your thyroid) fatigue, lethargy, sensitivity to cold,
depression, muscle weakness.
secondary hypothyroidism - Correct Answer ✔✔ low TSH low levels of T3 and T4
myxedema - Correct Answer ✔✔ occurs in severe or prolonged hypothyroidism.
ØGeneralized, non-pitting edema
ØDecreased level of consciousness, hypotension, hypothermia, history of precipitating
event (trauma, sepsis, certain drugs)
ØMay progress to myxedema coma, a life-threatening condition if treatment not
received
graves disease - Correct Answer ✔✔ primary hyperthyroidism
removal of thyroid
Amenorrhea - Correct Answer ✔✔ absence of menstruation
In primary amenorrhea, menstrual periods have never begun (by age 16), whereas
secondary amenorrhea is defined as the absence of menstrual periods for three
consecutive cycles or a time period of more than six months in a woman who was
previously menstruating.
Addison's disease - Correct Answer ✔✔ occurs when the adrenal glands do not
produce enough of the hormones cortisol or aldosterone
adrenal gland failure
cardiogenic shock - Correct Answer ✔✔ A state in which not enough oxygen is
delivered to the tissues of the body, caused by low output of blood from the heart. It can
be a severe complication of a large acute myocardial infarction, as well as other
conditions. -tachycardia, loss of consciousness, low BP
end-stage renal disease - Correct Answer ✔✔ The final stage of kidney failure (as that
resulting from diabetes, chronic hypertension, or glomerulonephritis) is marked by the
complete or nearly complete irreversible loss of renal function. Nausea.
Vomiting.
Loss of appetite.
Fatigue and weakness.
Sleep problems.
EXAM 2 QUESTIONS & DETAILED
ANSWERS RATED 100% CORRECT
type 1 diabetes - Correct Answer ✔✔ Diabetes of a form that usually develops during
childhood or adolescence and is characterized by a severe deficiency of insulin, leading
to high blood glucose levels. polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia.
type 2 diabetes - Correct Answer ✔✔ Diabetes of a form that develops especially in
adults and most often obese individuals and that is characterized by high blood glucose
resulting from impaired insulin utilization coupled with the body's inability to compensate
with increased insulin production.
Pathophysiology of diabetes - Correct Answer ✔✔ The pathophysiology of diabetes
involves plasm concentrations of glucose signaling the central nervous system to
mobilize energy reserves. It is based on cerebral blood flow and tissue integrity, arterial
plasma glucose, the speed that plasma glucose concentrations fall, and other available
metabolic fuels. Low plasma glucose causes a surge in autonomic activity.
acromegaly - Correct Answer ✔✔ abnormal enlargement of the extremities. occurs in
adults
hyperthyroidism - Correct Answer ✔✔ excessive activity of the thyroid gland- >thyroxine
ØInsomnia, restlessness, tremor, irritability, palpitations, heat intolerance, diaphoresis,
diarrhea, inability to concentrate that interferes with work performance; enlarged thyroid
gland
ØIncreased basal metabolic rate leads to weight loss, although appetite and dietary
intake increase.
hyperperathyroidism - Correct Answer ✔✔ Hyperparathyroidism is a condition in which
one or more of the parathyroid glands become overactive and secrete too much
parathyroid hormone (PTH). This causes the levels of calcium in the blood to rise, a
condition known as hypercalcemia.
childhood gigantism - Correct Answer ✔✔ pituitary gigantism when your child's pituitary
gland makes too much growth hormone, which is also known as somatotropin. if not
treated they will have a lower life expectancy and weak limbs. risk of cardiomegaly and
heart failure
hypothyroidism - Correct Answer ✔✔ A disorder caused by a thyroid gland that is
slower and less productive than normal
ØDecreased basal metabolic rate
, ØWeakness, lethargy, cold intolerance, decreased appetite
ØBradycardia, narrowed pulse pressure, and mild/moderate weight gain
ØElevated serum cholesterol and triglycerides
ØEnlarged thyroid, dry skin, constipation
ØDepression, difficulties with concentration/memory
ØLoss of eyebrow
Menstrual irregularity
primary hypothyroidism - Correct Answer ✔✔ Hashimoto's disease (causes your
immune system to mistakenly attack your thyroid) fatigue, lethargy, sensitivity to cold,
depression, muscle weakness.
secondary hypothyroidism - Correct Answer ✔✔ low TSH low levels of T3 and T4
myxedema - Correct Answer ✔✔ occurs in severe or prolonged hypothyroidism.
ØGeneralized, non-pitting edema
ØDecreased level of consciousness, hypotension, hypothermia, history of precipitating
event (trauma, sepsis, certain drugs)
ØMay progress to myxedema coma, a life-threatening condition if treatment not
received
graves disease - Correct Answer ✔✔ primary hyperthyroidism
removal of thyroid
Amenorrhea - Correct Answer ✔✔ absence of menstruation
In primary amenorrhea, menstrual periods have never begun (by age 16), whereas
secondary amenorrhea is defined as the absence of menstrual periods for three
consecutive cycles or a time period of more than six months in a woman who was
previously menstruating.
Addison's disease - Correct Answer ✔✔ occurs when the adrenal glands do not
produce enough of the hormones cortisol or aldosterone
adrenal gland failure
cardiogenic shock - Correct Answer ✔✔ A state in which not enough oxygen is
delivered to the tissues of the body, caused by low output of blood from the heart. It can
be a severe complication of a large acute myocardial infarction, as well as other
conditions. -tachycardia, loss of consciousness, low BP
end-stage renal disease - Correct Answer ✔✔ The final stage of kidney failure (as that
resulting from diabetes, chronic hypertension, or glomerulonephritis) is marked by the
complete or nearly complete irreversible loss of renal function. Nausea.
Vomiting.
Loss of appetite.
Fatigue and weakness.
Sleep problems.
