WGU PATHOLOGY PRE ASSESSMENT
ACTUAL TEST SCRIPT VERIFIED ANSWERS
2026 GRADED A+
⩥ Inspection of the chest and lungs.
Answer: A-P (anterior-posterior) diameter vs. transverse diameter
a) A-P should be less than Transverse in adults; 1:2 - 5:7
b) Elevated A-P size= barrel chest may be COPD in adult, normal in
childern
⩥ Percussion lungs chest.
Answer: Proper Technique
1. Hyperextend the middle finger of one hand and place the distal
interphalangeal joint firmly against the patient's chest.
2. With the end (not the pad) of the opposite middle finger, use a quick
flick of the wrist to strike first finger.
3. Categorize what you hear as normal, dull, or hyperresonant.
4. Practice your technique until you can consistently produce a "normal"
percussion note on your (presumably normal) partner before you work
with patients.
⩥ Diaphragmatic Excursion.
Answer: Diaphragmatic Excursion
,1. Find the level of the diaphragmatic dullness on both sides.
2. Ask the patient to inspire deeply.
3.The level of dullness (diaphragmatic excursion) should go down 3-5
m symmetrically
⩥ Hyperresonant.
Answer: Sound can be emphysema or pneumothorax
⩥ breath sounds.
Answer: are produced by turbulent air flow. They are categorized by the
size of the airways that transmit them to the chest wall (and your
stethoscope). The general rule is, the larger the airway, the louder and
higher pitched the sound.
⩥ Vesicular breath.
Answer: sounds are low pitched and normally heard over most lung
fields.
⩥ Bronchovesicular.
Answer: and bronchial sounds are heard in between. Inspiration is
normally longer
than expiration (I > E).
⩥ Adventitious Breath sounds.
, Answer: Extra breath sounds
Crackles
Wheezes
Rhonchi
⩥ Crackles.
Answer: These are hight pitched , discontinuous sounds similar to the
sound produced by rubbing your hair between your fingers aka as rales
⩥ Wheezes.
Answer: These are generally high pitched and "musical" in quality.
Stridor is an inspiratory wheeze associated with upper airway
obstruction (croup)
⩥ Rhonchi.
Answer: These often have a snoring or gurgling quality any extra sound
that is not a crackle or a wheeze is probably rhonchi low pitched
⩥ Tactile Fremitus.
Answer: 1. Ask the patient to say "ninety-nine" several times in a normal
voice
2. Palpate using the ball of your hand.
3. You should feel the vibrations transmitted through the airways to the
lung.
ACTUAL TEST SCRIPT VERIFIED ANSWERS
2026 GRADED A+
⩥ Inspection of the chest and lungs.
Answer: A-P (anterior-posterior) diameter vs. transverse diameter
a) A-P should be less than Transverse in adults; 1:2 - 5:7
b) Elevated A-P size= barrel chest may be COPD in adult, normal in
childern
⩥ Percussion lungs chest.
Answer: Proper Technique
1. Hyperextend the middle finger of one hand and place the distal
interphalangeal joint firmly against the patient's chest.
2. With the end (not the pad) of the opposite middle finger, use a quick
flick of the wrist to strike first finger.
3. Categorize what you hear as normal, dull, or hyperresonant.
4. Practice your technique until you can consistently produce a "normal"
percussion note on your (presumably normal) partner before you work
with patients.
⩥ Diaphragmatic Excursion.
Answer: Diaphragmatic Excursion
,1. Find the level of the diaphragmatic dullness on both sides.
2. Ask the patient to inspire deeply.
3.The level of dullness (diaphragmatic excursion) should go down 3-5
m symmetrically
⩥ Hyperresonant.
Answer: Sound can be emphysema or pneumothorax
⩥ breath sounds.
Answer: are produced by turbulent air flow. They are categorized by the
size of the airways that transmit them to the chest wall (and your
stethoscope). The general rule is, the larger the airway, the louder and
higher pitched the sound.
⩥ Vesicular breath.
Answer: sounds are low pitched and normally heard over most lung
fields.
⩥ Bronchovesicular.
Answer: and bronchial sounds are heard in between. Inspiration is
normally longer
than expiration (I > E).
⩥ Adventitious Breath sounds.
, Answer: Extra breath sounds
Crackles
Wheezes
Rhonchi
⩥ Crackles.
Answer: These are hight pitched , discontinuous sounds similar to the
sound produced by rubbing your hair between your fingers aka as rales
⩥ Wheezes.
Answer: These are generally high pitched and "musical" in quality.
Stridor is an inspiratory wheeze associated with upper airway
obstruction (croup)
⩥ Rhonchi.
Answer: These often have a snoring or gurgling quality any extra sound
that is not a crackle or a wheeze is probably rhonchi low pitched
⩥ Tactile Fremitus.
Answer: 1. Ask the patient to say "ninety-nine" several times in a normal
voice
2. Palpate using the ball of your hand.
3. You should feel the vibrations transmitted through the airways to the
lung.
