FUNDAMENTALS EXAM 2
MOBILITY/IMMOBILITY EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | 2026
UPDATE | 100% CORRECT.
Body mechanics - ANS The coordinated efforts of the musculoskeletal and nervous systems.
Body alignment - ANS Refer to the positioning of the joints, tendons, ligaments, and muscles
while standing, sitting, and lying. It means that the individuals center of gravity is stable.
Weight - ANS The force exerted on a body by gravity. The force of weight is always directed
downward. Unsteady patients fall if their center of gravity becomes unbalanced because of the
gravitational pull on their weight.
Friction - ANS A force that occurs in a direction to oppose movement.
Skeletal system - ANS Provides attachments for muscles and ligaments and provides the
leverage necessary for movement. Supported by four types of bones;
1. long bones - legs and fingers
2. short bones - foot and knee
3. flat bones - skull and ribs
4. irregular bones - vertebral column
Joints - ANS The connections between bones. Classifications include;
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, 1. synostotic - bones joined by bones i.e. skull
2. cartilaginous - cartilage unites bone i.e. sternocostal joint
3. fibrous - ligament unites bone i.e. paired bones of the lower leg
4. synovial - freely movable, connected by ligaments i.e. hip
Ligaments - ANS Bind joints together and connect bones and cartilages.
Tendons - ANS Connect muscle to bone.
Cartilage - ANS Support connective tissue located in the joints, thorax, trachea, larynx, nose,
and ear.
Leverage - ANS An inducing or compelling force that occurs when specific bones, such as the
humerus, ulna, and radius, and the associated joint, such as the elbow, act together as a lever.
Posture - ANS The position of the body in relation to the surrounding space.
Muscle tone - ANS Also know as tonus is the normal state of balanced muscle tension.
Nervous system - ANS Regulates movement and posture. Motor fibers from the right motor
strip initiate voluntary movement for the left side of the body, and motor fibers from the left
motor strip initiate voluntary movement for the right side of the body.
Pathological influences on mobility - ANS 1. Postural abnormalities i.e. scoliosis
2. Impaired muscle development i.e. muscular dystrophy
3. Damage to the central nervous system i.e. stroke
4. Direct trauma to the musculoskeletal system i.e. fractures
Safe client handling - ANS 1. Ergonomics assessment protocol
@COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 2 OF 9
MOBILITY/IMMOBILITY EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | 2026
UPDATE | 100% CORRECT.
Body mechanics - ANS The coordinated efforts of the musculoskeletal and nervous systems.
Body alignment - ANS Refer to the positioning of the joints, tendons, ligaments, and muscles
while standing, sitting, and lying. It means that the individuals center of gravity is stable.
Weight - ANS The force exerted on a body by gravity. The force of weight is always directed
downward. Unsteady patients fall if their center of gravity becomes unbalanced because of the
gravitational pull on their weight.
Friction - ANS A force that occurs in a direction to oppose movement.
Skeletal system - ANS Provides attachments for muscles and ligaments and provides the
leverage necessary for movement. Supported by four types of bones;
1. long bones - legs and fingers
2. short bones - foot and knee
3. flat bones - skull and ribs
4. irregular bones - vertebral column
Joints - ANS The connections between bones. Classifications include;
@COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 1 OF 9
, 1. synostotic - bones joined by bones i.e. skull
2. cartilaginous - cartilage unites bone i.e. sternocostal joint
3. fibrous - ligament unites bone i.e. paired bones of the lower leg
4. synovial - freely movable, connected by ligaments i.e. hip
Ligaments - ANS Bind joints together and connect bones and cartilages.
Tendons - ANS Connect muscle to bone.
Cartilage - ANS Support connective tissue located in the joints, thorax, trachea, larynx, nose,
and ear.
Leverage - ANS An inducing or compelling force that occurs when specific bones, such as the
humerus, ulna, and radius, and the associated joint, such as the elbow, act together as a lever.
Posture - ANS The position of the body in relation to the surrounding space.
Muscle tone - ANS Also know as tonus is the normal state of balanced muscle tension.
Nervous system - ANS Regulates movement and posture. Motor fibers from the right motor
strip initiate voluntary movement for the left side of the body, and motor fibers from the left
motor strip initiate voluntary movement for the right side of the body.
Pathological influences on mobility - ANS 1. Postural abnormalities i.e. scoliosis
2. Impaired muscle development i.e. muscular dystrophy
3. Damage to the central nervous system i.e. stroke
4. Direct trauma to the musculoskeletal system i.e. fractures
Safe client handling - ANS 1. Ergonomics assessment protocol
@COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 2 OF 9
