NR507 Week 5 Edapt | Latest 2026 |
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University Test Bank
Having a genetic predisposition to develop
What does 'atopic' mean? allergic diseases like asthma, eczema, and hay
fever.
An immune response to antigens from another
What does 'alloimmune' refer to? member of the same species, such as during
blood transfusions or organ transplants.
What is the most common type of kidney stone? Calcium.
A condition where an Rh-negative mother
What is Rh sensitization? produces antibodies that attack the red blood
cells of an Rh-positive baby.
A condition involving abnormally high levels of
What is uremia? waste products in the blood due to kidney
failure.
An inflammation of the bladder, commonly
What is cystitis? referred to as a lower urinary tract infection
(UTI).
Left-sided heart failure and right-sided heart
What are the two types of heart failure?
failure.
Gastroesophageal reflux disease, a chronic
What is GERD? condition causing irritation of the esophagus
lining due to stomach acid or bile.
Loss of muscle tone at the lower esophageal
What causes gastroesophageal reflux disease
sphincter, leading to regurgitation of gastric
(GERD)?
contents.
Pyrosis (heartburn) and regurgitation of
What are typical symptoms of GERD?
stomach contents.
Chronic cough, asthma exacerbations, laryngitis,
What are atypical symptoms of GERD?
and sinusitis.
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What are associated symptoms of GERD? Upper abdominal pain, dysphagia (difficulty
swallowing), belching, flatulence, and sleep
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disturbances.
Volume, osmotic pressure, and chemical
What factors influence gastric emptying?
composition of gastric contents.
Occurs when stomach acid or bile flows into the
What is the pathophysiology of GER?
esophagus, leading to esophagitis.
What is the role of the lower esophageal It acts as a one-way valve to prevent gastric
sphincter? contents from entering the esophagus.
Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and lifestyle
What is the initial treatment for GERD? changes such as diet modification and weight
reduction.
What is a common surgical intervention for
Fundoplication.
GERD if medical treatment fails?
A tightening or complete blockage of the
What is an esophageal stricture? esophagus due to chronic inflammation and
scar tissue.
To break down ingested food, facilitate nutrient
What is the function of the gastrointestinal
absorption, maintain body water, and eliminate
tract?
waste.
The coordinated, rhythmic contraction and
What is peristalsis? relaxation of muscles that move food through
the digestive tract.
They tend to delay gastric emptying due to
What is the significance of hypertonic solutions
higher osmotic pressure than surrounding
in gastric emptying?
tissues.
What lifestyle changes can alleviate GERD Diet modification, weight reduction, smoking
symptoms? cessation, and elevating the head of the bed.
Obesity slows gastric emptying, increasing the
What is the impact of obesity on GERD?
likelihood of reflux.
It can weaken the lower esophageal sphincter,
How can smoking affect GERD? allowing stomach acid to flow into the
esophagus.
They regulate digestive activities, including
What is the role of hormones in the GI tract? gastric motility and secretion of digestive
substances.
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