CLOUD COMPUTING FINAL EXAM REVIEW
2026|||questions and answers with
rationales/graded A+/2026 update/100% correct
/instant download
Cloud Computing – Final Exam Review (150 Questions)
Topics Covered
• Cloud Definitions & Essential Characteristics (NIST)
• Service Models (IaaS, PaaS, SaaS)
• Deployment Models (Public, Private, Hybrid, Community, Multi-cloud)
• Virtualization & Hypervisors (Type 1 vs Type 2)
• Cloud Security (Shared Responsibility Model, CASB, IAM, Encryption)
• Compliance & Legal (GDPR, HIPAA, PCI DSS in cloud)
• Economics (CapEx vs OpEx, TCO, Pay-as-you-go)
• Storage (Object, Block, File; Durability vs Availability)
• Compute (Elasticity, Auto-scaling, Load Balancing, Serverless)
• Networking (VPC, Subnets, Security Groups, CDN, VPN, Direct Connect)
• Disaster Recovery & Business Continuity (RTO/RPO, Backup, Multi-region)
• Containerization (Docker, Kubernetes, Orchestration)
• DevOps & CI/CD in Cloud
• Cloud Governance & FinOps
, • Emerging Trends (Edge, Serverless, Cloud-native)
Q1. According to NIST SP 800-145, which of the following is NOT an essential
characteristic of cloud computing?
A) On-demand self-service
B) Broad network access
C) Resource pooling
D) Fixed physical hardware ownership
Answer: D
Rationale: NIST's five essential characteristics are: on-demand self-service, broad
network access, resource pooling, rapid elasticity, and measured service. Fixed
hardware ownership is the opposite of cloud abstraction.
Q2. Which cloud service model provides the customer with the greatest level of
control and responsibility?
A) SaaS
B) PaaS
C) IaaS
D) FaaS
Answer: C
Rationale: IaaS gives customers control over OS, storage, and deployed
applications; the provider manages only the underlying hardware.
Q3. In the shared responsibility model for IaaS, which of the following is typically
the customer's responsibility?
A) Physical security of data centers
B) Hypervisor patching
C) Guest OS and application security
D) Network cabling integrity
,Answer: C
Rationale: Customer manages the guest OS, middleware, applications, and data.
Provider manages physical hardware, network, and hypervisor.
Q4. Which deployment model involves cloud infrastructure shared by several
organizations with common concerns (e.g., compliance, mission)?
A) Public cloud
B) Private cloud
C) Community cloud
D) Hybrid cloud
Answer: C
Rationale: Community cloud is shared among organizations with similar
requirements.
Q5. What does "elasticity" mean in cloud computing?
A) Resources can be scaled up and down dynamically based on demand
B) Resources are fixed and cannot change
C) Only vertical scaling is allowed
D) Resources must be purchased in advance
Answer: A
Rationale: Elasticity is a key cloud characteristic; rapid scaling up and down, often
automated.
Q6. Which of the following is an example of a Platform as a Service (PaaS)
offering?
A) AWS EC2
B) Google App Engine
C) Microsoft Office 365
D) AWS S3
, Answer: B
Rationale: PaaS provides a platform for developers to build/deploy apps without
managing underlying infrastructure.
Q7. What is the primary financial benefit of moving from CapEx to OpEx in cloud
computing?
A) Higher upfront costs
B) Pay only for what you use, avoiding large capital investments
C) Free cloud services
D) Unlimited storage at no cost
Answer: B
Rationale: Cloud shifts capital expenditure (hardware) to operational expenditure
(pay-as-you-go).
Q8. Which cloud storage type is best suited for a shared file system accessible by
multiple virtual machines?
A) Object storage
B) Block storage
C) File storage (e.g., NFS, SMB)
D) Archive storage
Answer: C
Rationale: File storage provides a shared filesystem; block storage is single-attach;
object is for web-scale.
Q9. A company wants to ensure high availability across geographic regions. What
should they use?
A) Single availability zone
B) Multi-region deployment with replication
2026|||questions and answers with
rationales/graded A+/2026 update/100% correct
/instant download
Cloud Computing – Final Exam Review (150 Questions)
Topics Covered
• Cloud Definitions & Essential Characteristics (NIST)
• Service Models (IaaS, PaaS, SaaS)
• Deployment Models (Public, Private, Hybrid, Community, Multi-cloud)
• Virtualization & Hypervisors (Type 1 vs Type 2)
• Cloud Security (Shared Responsibility Model, CASB, IAM, Encryption)
• Compliance & Legal (GDPR, HIPAA, PCI DSS in cloud)
• Economics (CapEx vs OpEx, TCO, Pay-as-you-go)
• Storage (Object, Block, File; Durability vs Availability)
• Compute (Elasticity, Auto-scaling, Load Balancing, Serverless)
• Networking (VPC, Subnets, Security Groups, CDN, VPN, Direct Connect)
• Disaster Recovery & Business Continuity (RTO/RPO, Backup, Multi-region)
• Containerization (Docker, Kubernetes, Orchestration)
• DevOps & CI/CD in Cloud
• Cloud Governance & FinOps
, • Emerging Trends (Edge, Serverless, Cloud-native)
Q1. According to NIST SP 800-145, which of the following is NOT an essential
characteristic of cloud computing?
A) On-demand self-service
B) Broad network access
C) Resource pooling
D) Fixed physical hardware ownership
Answer: D
Rationale: NIST's five essential characteristics are: on-demand self-service, broad
network access, resource pooling, rapid elasticity, and measured service. Fixed
hardware ownership is the opposite of cloud abstraction.
Q2. Which cloud service model provides the customer with the greatest level of
control and responsibility?
A) SaaS
B) PaaS
C) IaaS
D) FaaS
Answer: C
Rationale: IaaS gives customers control over OS, storage, and deployed
applications; the provider manages only the underlying hardware.
Q3. In the shared responsibility model for IaaS, which of the following is typically
the customer's responsibility?
A) Physical security of data centers
B) Hypervisor patching
C) Guest OS and application security
D) Network cabling integrity
,Answer: C
Rationale: Customer manages the guest OS, middleware, applications, and data.
Provider manages physical hardware, network, and hypervisor.
Q4. Which deployment model involves cloud infrastructure shared by several
organizations with common concerns (e.g., compliance, mission)?
A) Public cloud
B) Private cloud
C) Community cloud
D) Hybrid cloud
Answer: C
Rationale: Community cloud is shared among organizations with similar
requirements.
Q5. What does "elasticity" mean in cloud computing?
A) Resources can be scaled up and down dynamically based on demand
B) Resources are fixed and cannot change
C) Only vertical scaling is allowed
D) Resources must be purchased in advance
Answer: A
Rationale: Elasticity is a key cloud characteristic; rapid scaling up and down, often
automated.
Q6. Which of the following is an example of a Platform as a Service (PaaS)
offering?
A) AWS EC2
B) Google App Engine
C) Microsoft Office 365
D) AWS S3
, Answer: B
Rationale: PaaS provides a platform for developers to build/deploy apps without
managing underlying infrastructure.
Q7. What is the primary financial benefit of moving from CapEx to OpEx in cloud
computing?
A) Higher upfront costs
B) Pay only for what you use, avoiding large capital investments
C) Free cloud services
D) Unlimited storage at no cost
Answer: B
Rationale: Cloud shifts capital expenditure (hardware) to operational expenditure
(pay-as-you-go).
Q8. Which cloud storage type is best suited for a shared file system accessible by
multiple virtual machines?
A) Object storage
B) Block storage
C) File storage (e.g., NFS, SMB)
D) Archive storage
Answer: C
Rationale: File storage provides a shared filesystem; block storage is single-attach;
object is for web-scale.
Q9. A company wants to ensure high availability across geographic regions. What
should they use?
A) Single availability zone
B) Multi-region deployment with replication
