NR 601 Primary Care of the Maturing & Aged Family Final Exam: (Latest
2025/2026 Update) Comprehensive Q&A | Grade A | 100% Correct (Verified
Answers)
Subject: Primary Care of the Maturing & Aged Family (NR 601) – Final Exam: Geriatric Cardiology,
Endocrinology, Urology, Neurology, Palliative Care, Elder Abuse, Delirium/Dementia
Source: Final Exam Blueprint – Stroke/TIA, Diabetes, Hypertension, Heart Failure, Urinary Incontinence,
BPH, Depression, Anxiety, Parkinson's, Pain Management, Hospice, Polypharmacy
Format: Q&A Guide with Rationale – 100% Verified Answers
Verified: Latest 2025/2026 Update | Grade A Guaranteed
1: Mr. A experienced brief onset of right-sided weakness, slurred speech, and confusion yesterday.
Symptoms resolved; CT normal. Next step?
Correct Answer: Identify modifiable cardiovascular risk factors (TIA diagnosis; manage hypertension,
diabetes, hyperlipidemia, smoking).
1. TIA is a medical emergency; risk of subsequent stroke high.
2. Workup: carotid imaging, echocardiogram, EKG (Afib).
3. Start antiplatelet therapy (aspirin or clopidogrel) unless contraindicated.
2: An older male patient is experiencing acute onset of right-sided weakness, slurred speech, and
confusion. What should the NP do promptly?
Correct Answer: Evaluate for a stroke and arrange transport to the hospital right away.
1. Time is brain – last known well determines thrombolysis eligibility.
2. Rapid stroke evaluation using NIH Stroke Scale.
3. Do not give aspirin before imaging (hemorrhagic stroke).
3: Which of the following signs or symptoms are NOT characteristic of delirium?
Correct Answer: Patient is coherent (delirium: disorganized thinking, incoherent speech, fluctuating
level of consciousness).
1. Delirium: acute onset, fluctuating course, inattention, disorganized thinking, altered LOC.
2. Often worse in evening (sundowning).
3. Dementia: chronic, progressive, usually clear sensorium until late.
4: The Mini-Cog is a short screening tool. Which statement is true?
Correct Answer: A score of 0-2 is a positive screen for cognitive impairment (3-item recall + clock
drawing).
1. Mini-Cog: 3-word recall + clock draw (0-2 = abnormal, 3-5 = normal).
2. Quick (<3 min), less affected by education/language.
3. Sensitivity 76-99% for dementia detection.
, 5: A 56-year-old male patient screened for diabetes has a fasting plasma glucose of 96 mg/dL.
Management plan includes?
Correct Answer: Repeat fasting plasma glucose in three years (normal FBG <100; screen q3 years if
normal).
1. ADA: screen q3 years for normal, q1 year for prediabetes (100-125).
2. Metformin for prediabetes with BMI ≥35, age <60, or prior GDM.
3. Earlier screening if risk factors present (family history, obesity, hypertension).
6: A 52-year-old female patient screened for diabetes has a fasting plasma glucose of 123 mg/dL. NP
plan includes?
Correct Answer: Repeat fasting glucose in one year (prediabetes: FBG 100-125, repeat annually).
1. Prediabetes management: lifestyle modification (weight loss 7%, exercise 150 min/week).
2. Consider metformin for high-risk patients (BMI ≥35, age <60, prior GDM).
3. Monitor annually for progression to diabetes.
7: According to ADA guidelines, screening tests for type 2 diabetes mellitus include?
Correct Answer: All options are appropriate: FPG, 2-hour OGTT, Hemoglobin A1c.
1. FPG ≥126 mg/dL, 2-h OGTT ≥200 mg/dL, A1c ≥6.5% diagnostic for diabetes.
2. A1c is convenient (no fasting) but less sensitive in some populations.
3. Confirm with repeat testing unless symptomatic with random glucose ≥200.
8: Diabetes is one of the leading causes of which medical condition?
Correct Answer: Kidney failure (diabetic nephropathy leading cause of ESRD).
1. Diabetic nephropathy: annual screening with urine microalbumin.
2. ACEi/ARB for microalbuminuria to slow progression.
3. Tight glycemic and blood pressure control critical.
9: A male patient with BMI 33 presents with fatigue, excessive hunger, thirst. Fasting glucose 99,
HbA1c 5.7. Diagnosis?
Correct Answer: Prediabetes (A1c 5.7-6.4%).
1. Normal A1c <5.7%; prediabetes 5.7-6.4%; diabetes ≥6.5%.
2. Lifestyle modification indicated; metformin not routinely recommended.
3. Symptoms not consistent with diabetes (symptoms require glucose ≥200).
10: A 58-year-old Caucasian male with type 2 diabetes, BP 142/96, A1c 7%. First-line medication
according to ACC 2017?
Correct Answer: Lisinopril (ACE inhibitor – preferred in diabetes for reno-protection).
1. ACEi/ARB first-line for hypertension in diabetes (delay nephropathy).
2. Thiazides, CCBs also options; beta-blockers not first-line.
3. BP goal <130/80 for diabetic patients.
2025/2026 Update) Comprehensive Q&A | Grade A | 100% Correct (Verified
Answers)
Subject: Primary Care of the Maturing & Aged Family (NR 601) – Final Exam: Geriatric Cardiology,
Endocrinology, Urology, Neurology, Palliative Care, Elder Abuse, Delirium/Dementia
Source: Final Exam Blueprint – Stroke/TIA, Diabetes, Hypertension, Heart Failure, Urinary Incontinence,
BPH, Depression, Anxiety, Parkinson's, Pain Management, Hospice, Polypharmacy
Format: Q&A Guide with Rationale – 100% Verified Answers
Verified: Latest 2025/2026 Update | Grade A Guaranteed
1: Mr. A experienced brief onset of right-sided weakness, slurred speech, and confusion yesterday.
Symptoms resolved; CT normal. Next step?
Correct Answer: Identify modifiable cardiovascular risk factors (TIA diagnosis; manage hypertension,
diabetes, hyperlipidemia, smoking).
1. TIA is a medical emergency; risk of subsequent stroke high.
2. Workup: carotid imaging, echocardiogram, EKG (Afib).
3. Start antiplatelet therapy (aspirin or clopidogrel) unless contraindicated.
2: An older male patient is experiencing acute onset of right-sided weakness, slurred speech, and
confusion. What should the NP do promptly?
Correct Answer: Evaluate for a stroke and arrange transport to the hospital right away.
1. Time is brain – last known well determines thrombolysis eligibility.
2. Rapid stroke evaluation using NIH Stroke Scale.
3. Do not give aspirin before imaging (hemorrhagic stroke).
3: Which of the following signs or symptoms are NOT characteristic of delirium?
Correct Answer: Patient is coherent (delirium: disorganized thinking, incoherent speech, fluctuating
level of consciousness).
1. Delirium: acute onset, fluctuating course, inattention, disorganized thinking, altered LOC.
2. Often worse in evening (sundowning).
3. Dementia: chronic, progressive, usually clear sensorium until late.
4: The Mini-Cog is a short screening tool. Which statement is true?
Correct Answer: A score of 0-2 is a positive screen for cognitive impairment (3-item recall + clock
drawing).
1. Mini-Cog: 3-word recall + clock draw (0-2 = abnormal, 3-5 = normal).
2. Quick (<3 min), less affected by education/language.
3. Sensitivity 76-99% for dementia detection.
, 5: A 56-year-old male patient screened for diabetes has a fasting plasma glucose of 96 mg/dL.
Management plan includes?
Correct Answer: Repeat fasting plasma glucose in three years (normal FBG <100; screen q3 years if
normal).
1. ADA: screen q3 years for normal, q1 year for prediabetes (100-125).
2. Metformin for prediabetes with BMI ≥35, age <60, or prior GDM.
3. Earlier screening if risk factors present (family history, obesity, hypertension).
6: A 52-year-old female patient screened for diabetes has a fasting plasma glucose of 123 mg/dL. NP
plan includes?
Correct Answer: Repeat fasting glucose in one year (prediabetes: FBG 100-125, repeat annually).
1. Prediabetes management: lifestyle modification (weight loss 7%, exercise 150 min/week).
2. Consider metformin for high-risk patients (BMI ≥35, age <60, prior GDM).
3. Monitor annually for progression to diabetes.
7: According to ADA guidelines, screening tests for type 2 diabetes mellitus include?
Correct Answer: All options are appropriate: FPG, 2-hour OGTT, Hemoglobin A1c.
1. FPG ≥126 mg/dL, 2-h OGTT ≥200 mg/dL, A1c ≥6.5% diagnostic for diabetes.
2. A1c is convenient (no fasting) but less sensitive in some populations.
3. Confirm with repeat testing unless symptomatic with random glucose ≥200.
8: Diabetes is one of the leading causes of which medical condition?
Correct Answer: Kidney failure (diabetic nephropathy leading cause of ESRD).
1. Diabetic nephropathy: annual screening with urine microalbumin.
2. ACEi/ARB for microalbuminuria to slow progression.
3. Tight glycemic and blood pressure control critical.
9: A male patient with BMI 33 presents with fatigue, excessive hunger, thirst. Fasting glucose 99,
HbA1c 5.7. Diagnosis?
Correct Answer: Prediabetes (A1c 5.7-6.4%).
1. Normal A1c <5.7%; prediabetes 5.7-6.4%; diabetes ≥6.5%.
2. Lifestyle modification indicated; metformin not routinely recommended.
3. Symptoms not consistent with diabetes (symptoms require glucose ≥200).
10: A 58-year-old Caucasian male with type 2 diabetes, BP 142/96, A1c 7%. First-line medication
according to ACC 2017?
Correct Answer: Lisinopril (ACE inhibitor – preferred in diabetes for reno-protection).
1. ACEi/ARB first-line for hypertension in diabetes (delay nephropathy).
2. Thiazides, CCBs also options; beta-blockers not first-line.
3. BP goal <130/80 for diabetic patients.
