CHEM 120 EXAM 3 AND LAB BUNDLED
PACKAGE NEW UPDATE PRACTICE SCRIPT
2026 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED
A+
⫸ What is the Bronsted-Lowry definition of a base? Answer: Substance
that can accept protons from other substances.
⫸ How do acids react in aqueous solutions? Answer: Acids transfer H+
to water to form a hydronium ion, H3O+.
⫸ How do bases react in aqueous solutions? Answer: Water transfers
H+ to the base to form a hydroxide ion, OH-.
⫸ What is the definition of pH? Answer: -log[H3O+] where [H3O+] is
the concentration of protons in a solution.
⫸ What is the definition of pOH? Answer: -log[OH-] where [OH-] is
the concentration of hydroxide ions in a solution.
⫸ What is the definition of a buffer? Answer: Chemical systems that
strive to maintain pH of a solution in a limited range.
⫸ How does adding acid affect a buffer solution? Answer: It shifts the
reaction to the reactants side which causes acid to be removed from the
solution.
, ⫸ How does the addition of a base affect a buffer solution? Answer: It
shifts the reaction to the products side which causes more acid to be
added to the solution.
⫸ What happens when a carboxylic acid reacts with a strong base?
Answer: The carboxylic acid is neutralized rapidly and quantitavely.
⫸ How do you name cyclic carboxylic acids? Answer: Give the lowest
number to the COOH group. Identify the name of the ring followed by
carboxylic acid, dicarboxylic acid, etc.
⫸ How do you name aromatic carboxylic acids? Answer: The ring
carbon attached to the carboxyl group is the #1 position. Substituted
benzoic acids are named with benzoic acid as the parent name.
⫸ What are some physical properties of carboxylic acids? Answer: -
Polar compounds.
-Higher boiling point than other organic compounds.
-More soluble in water than alcohols, ketones, aldehydes, or ethers due
to their strong association with water molecules.
-As size of the carbon chain increases, solubility decreases.
-Smaller aliphatic carboxylic acids have very sharp odors.
⫸ What are some physical properties of Esters? Answer: -Because of
C=O group, Esters can act as hydrogen bond acceptors.
PACKAGE NEW UPDATE PRACTICE SCRIPT
2026 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED
A+
⫸ What is the Bronsted-Lowry definition of a base? Answer: Substance
that can accept protons from other substances.
⫸ How do acids react in aqueous solutions? Answer: Acids transfer H+
to water to form a hydronium ion, H3O+.
⫸ How do bases react in aqueous solutions? Answer: Water transfers
H+ to the base to form a hydroxide ion, OH-.
⫸ What is the definition of pH? Answer: -log[H3O+] where [H3O+] is
the concentration of protons in a solution.
⫸ What is the definition of pOH? Answer: -log[OH-] where [OH-] is
the concentration of hydroxide ions in a solution.
⫸ What is the definition of a buffer? Answer: Chemical systems that
strive to maintain pH of a solution in a limited range.
⫸ How does adding acid affect a buffer solution? Answer: It shifts the
reaction to the reactants side which causes acid to be removed from the
solution.
, ⫸ How does the addition of a base affect a buffer solution? Answer: It
shifts the reaction to the products side which causes more acid to be
added to the solution.
⫸ What happens when a carboxylic acid reacts with a strong base?
Answer: The carboxylic acid is neutralized rapidly and quantitavely.
⫸ How do you name cyclic carboxylic acids? Answer: Give the lowest
number to the COOH group. Identify the name of the ring followed by
carboxylic acid, dicarboxylic acid, etc.
⫸ How do you name aromatic carboxylic acids? Answer: The ring
carbon attached to the carboxyl group is the #1 position. Substituted
benzoic acids are named with benzoic acid as the parent name.
⫸ What are some physical properties of carboxylic acids? Answer: -
Polar compounds.
-Higher boiling point than other organic compounds.
-More soluble in water than alcohols, ketones, aldehydes, or ethers due
to their strong association with water molecules.
-As size of the carbon chain increases, solubility decreases.
-Smaller aliphatic carboxylic acids have very sharp odors.
⫸ What are some physical properties of Esters? Answer: -Because of
C=O group, Esters can act as hydrogen bond acceptors.
