Intro to Political Theory Final Exam
UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS
State Sovereignty - CORRECT ANSWER The ultimate authority of a state to govern itself
without external interference.
Aristotle's Distinction - CORRECT ANSWER Action is deliberation and the ultimate
expression of humanity; labor is the work that reproduces life.
Natural Slave - CORRECT ANSWER A person who cannot deliberate or show capacity for
action, according to Aristotle.
Thomas Hobbes - CORRECT ANSWER Believed men are always out for themselves and that
the state of nature is fearful and conflict-prone.
Social Contract - CORRECT ANSWER An agreement to form an enforcing authority to escape
the state of nature.
Carl Schmitt - CORRECT ANSWER Nazi theorist who emphasized the friend/enemy
distinction in politics.
Nominalism (Hobbes) - CORRECT ANSWER The belief that humans cannot know God's plans
and can only name things.
Natural Law - CORRECT ANSWER What's considered good or right by objective moral
nature.
Positive Law - CORRECT ANSWER Laws that human entities posit into existence.
Hobbes's First Two Laws of Nature - CORRECT ANSWER 1) Seek peace and follow it. 2) Be
willing to enter mutual contracts.
, Plato's Critique of Democracy - CORRECT ANSWER Believed democracy produces rule by
appetite-driven individuals.
Rousseau's General Will - CORRECT ANSWER An ideal that strives to express every single
person's will in government.
Autonomy vs. Heteronomy - CORRECT ANSWER Autonomy is self-rule; heteronomy is being
ruled by others.
CLR James - CORRECT ANSWER Radical democrat who believed 'Every cook can govern.'
Athenian Democracy - CORRECT ANSWER Direct rule by citizens in Assembly and courts,
lasted ~200 years.
Sophists vs. Philosophers - CORRECT ANSWER Sophists taught persuasion; philosophers
sought truth.
Socratic Intellectualism - CORRECT ANSWER The belief that discovering truth leads to
necessary action.
Liberalism - CORRECT ANSWER Emphasizes individual liberty, rights, and competition.
John Locke - CORRECT ANSWER Argued government must protect life, liberty, and property.
Locke's Double Move - CORRECT ANSWER 1) Unanimous agreement to leave the state of
nature. 2) Majority agreement on government.
Religious Toleration (Locke) - CORRECT ANSWER Belief that religious belief should be
private.
Karl Marx - CORRECT ANSWER Materialist who saw liberalism as the intellectual expression
of capitalism.
UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS
State Sovereignty - CORRECT ANSWER The ultimate authority of a state to govern itself
without external interference.
Aristotle's Distinction - CORRECT ANSWER Action is deliberation and the ultimate
expression of humanity; labor is the work that reproduces life.
Natural Slave - CORRECT ANSWER A person who cannot deliberate or show capacity for
action, according to Aristotle.
Thomas Hobbes - CORRECT ANSWER Believed men are always out for themselves and that
the state of nature is fearful and conflict-prone.
Social Contract - CORRECT ANSWER An agreement to form an enforcing authority to escape
the state of nature.
Carl Schmitt - CORRECT ANSWER Nazi theorist who emphasized the friend/enemy
distinction in politics.
Nominalism (Hobbes) - CORRECT ANSWER The belief that humans cannot know God's plans
and can only name things.
Natural Law - CORRECT ANSWER What's considered good or right by objective moral
nature.
Positive Law - CORRECT ANSWER Laws that human entities posit into existence.
Hobbes's First Two Laws of Nature - CORRECT ANSWER 1) Seek peace and follow it. 2) Be
willing to enter mutual contracts.
, Plato's Critique of Democracy - CORRECT ANSWER Believed democracy produces rule by
appetite-driven individuals.
Rousseau's General Will - CORRECT ANSWER An ideal that strives to express every single
person's will in government.
Autonomy vs. Heteronomy - CORRECT ANSWER Autonomy is self-rule; heteronomy is being
ruled by others.
CLR James - CORRECT ANSWER Radical democrat who believed 'Every cook can govern.'
Athenian Democracy - CORRECT ANSWER Direct rule by citizens in Assembly and courts,
lasted ~200 years.
Sophists vs. Philosophers - CORRECT ANSWER Sophists taught persuasion; philosophers
sought truth.
Socratic Intellectualism - CORRECT ANSWER The belief that discovering truth leads to
necessary action.
Liberalism - CORRECT ANSWER Emphasizes individual liberty, rights, and competition.
John Locke - CORRECT ANSWER Argued government must protect life, liberty, and property.
Locke's Double Move - CORRECT ANSWER 1) Unanimous agreement to leave the state of
nature. 2) Majority agreement on government.
Religious Toleration (Locke) - CORRECT ANSWER Belief that religious belief should be
private.
Karl Marx - CORRECT ANSWER Materialist who saw liberalism as the intellectual expression
of capitalism.
