NUR2459 Exam 4 Actual Exam Style V3 |
NUR 2459 Mental and Behavioral Health
Nursing | Rasmussen
1. A nurse is assessing an elderly client who was recently admitted with acute confusion and a
suspected urinary tract infection. Which characteristic most likely distinguishes this client’s
condition as delirium rather than dementia?
A. The symptoms have a slow, insidious onset over several years.
B. The client’s level of consciousness is fluctuating throughout the day.
C. The client’s cognitive impairment is permanent and irreversible.
D. The client demonstrates normal attention span despite memory loss.
Correct Answer: B
Expert Explanation: Delirium is characterized by a rapid onset and a fluctuating level of
consciousness. Unlike dementia, delirium is typically reversible once the underlying cause,
such as an infection, is treated. It also involves a significant disturbance in attention and
awareness.
2. A client is prescribed donepezil for the treatment of mild-to-moderate Alzheimer’s disease.
Which teaching point should the nurse prioritize when educating the family about this
medication?
A. The medication will cure the disease if taken consistently.
B. This drug helps slow the progression of cognitive decline.
,C. Stop the medication immediately if the client experiences any nausea.
D. Administer the medication on an empty stomach for best absorption.
Correct Answer: B
Expert Explanation: Donepezil is a cholinesterase inhibitor that helps improve or
maintain cognitive function for a period. It is not a cure for Alzheimer’s disease but rather a
symptomatic treatment. It is usually taken at bedtime to reduce the impact of
gastrointestinal side effects.
3. The nurse is evaluating a child with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) who is
taking methylphenidate. Which assessment finding requires immediate intervention?
A. A weight loss of 2 pounds over the last month.
B. Reporting a slight decrease in appetite during lunch.
C. Development of a new, persistent facial tic.
D. An occasional headache in the late afternoon.
Correct Answer: C
Expert Explanation: The development of tics is a known but serious side effect of
stimulant medications that requires clinical review. Weight loss and decreased appetite are
common side effects that often just require monitoring and dietary adjustments. Tics may
indicate a need to discontinue or change the medication type.
, 4. A nurse is caring for an adolescent diagnosed with Conduct Disorder. Which behavior
should the nurse expect to observe in this client?
A. Occasional defiance of parental rules without aggression.
B. Excessive guilt and remorse after breaking a rule.
C. Extreme shyness and withdrawal in social situations.
D. Persistent pattern of violating the basic rights of others.
Correct Answer: D
Expert Explanation: Conduct Disorder involves a repetitive and persistent pattern of
behavior in which the basic rights of others or major age-appropriate societal norms are
violated. This often includes aggression toward people or animals and destruction of
property. These individuals typically lack empathy and do not show genuine remorse.
5. A client with Borderline Personality Disorder is observed ‘splitting’ the staff members by
praising one nurse and demeaning another. What is the nurse’s best response?
A. Agree with the client to maintain a positive rapport.
B. Maintain consistent communication among the treatment team.
C. Confront the client aggressively about their manipulative behavior.
D. Allow the client to choose which nurse provides their care.
Correct Answer: B
NUR 2459 Mental and Behavioral Health
Nursing | Rasmussen
1. A nurse is assessing an elderly client who was recently admitted with acute confusion and a
suspected urinary tract infection. Which characteristic most likely distinguishes this client’s
condition as delirium rather than dementia?
A. The symptoms have a slow, insidious onset over several years.
B. The client’s level of consciousness is fluctuating throughout the day.
C. The client’s cognitive impairment is permanent and irreversible.
D. The client demonstrates normal attention span despite memory loss.
Correct Answer: B
Expert Explanation: Delirium is characterized by a rapid onset and a fluctuating level of
consciousness. Unlike dementia, delirium is typically reversible once the underlying cause,
such as an infection, is treated. It also involves a significant disturbance in attention and
awareness.
2. A client is prescribed donepezil for the treatment of mild-to-moderate Alzheimer’s disease.
Which teaching point should the nurse prioritize when educating the family about this
medication?
A. The medication will cure the disease if taken consistently.
B. This drug helps slow the progression of cognitive decline.
,C. Stop the medication immediately if the client experiences any nausea.
D. Administer the medication on an empty stomach for best absorption.
Correct Answer: B
Expert Explanation: Donepezil is a cholinesterase inhibitor that helps improve or
maintain cognitive function for a period. It is not a cure for Alzheimer’s disease but rather a
symptomatic treatment. It is usually taken at bedtime to reduce the impact of
gastrointestinal side effects.
3. The nurse is evaluating a child with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) who is
taking methylphenidate. Which assessment finding requires immediate intervention?
A. A weight loss of 2 pounds over the last month.
B. Reporting a slight decrease in appetite during lunch.
C. Development of a new, persistent facial tic.
D. An occasional headache in the late afternoon.
Correct Answer: C
Expert Explanation: The development of tics is a known but serious side effect of
stimulant medications that requires clinical review. Weight loss and decreased appetite are
common side effects that often just require monitoring and dietary adjustments. Tics may
indicate a need to discontinue or change the medication type.
, 4. A nurse is caring for an adolescent diagnosed with Conduct Disorder. Which behavior
should the nurse expect to observe in this client?
A. Occasional defiance of parental rules without aggression.
B. Excessive guilt and remorse after breaking a rule.
C. Extreme shyness and withdrawal in social situations.
D. Persistent pattern of violating the basic rights of others.
Correct Answer: D
Expert Explanation: Conduct Disorder involves a repetitive and persistent pattern of
behavior in which the basic rights of others or major age-appropriate societal norms are
violated. This often includes aggression toward people or animals and destruction of
property. These individuals typically lack empathy and do not show genuine remorse.
5. A client with Borderline Personality Disorder is observed ‘splitting’ the staff members by
praising one nurse and demeaning another. What is the nurse’s best response?
A. Agree with the client to maintain a positive rapport.
B. Maintain consistent communication among the treatment team.
C. Confront the client aggressively about their manipulative behavior.
D. Allow the client to choose which nurse provides their care.
Correct Answer: B
