CHEM 1030 EXAM 3 FORBES PRACTICE
SCRIPT 2026 COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
GRADED A+
⩥ dilution. Answer: Adding water to a solution in order to decrease the
concentration, does not change particles of solution but changes volume
⩥ dilution calculation. Answer: M1V1=M2V2
⩥ solution stoichiometry. Answer: A method of calculating the
concentration of substances in a chemical reaction by measuring the
volumes of solutions that react completely; sometimes called volumetric
stoichiometry.
Molarity A > amount A (in moles) > amount B (in moles) > Molarity B
⩥ nonelectrolyte. Answer: (molecules, except acids)
compounds that remain intact when dissolved in water
⩥ electrolyte. Answer: (ionic and acids)
compounds that dissociate into ions and conduct electricity in water
⩥ strong electrolytes. Answer: any compound that COMPLETELY
dissociates when dissolved in water
,⩥ weak electrolytes. Answer: weak acids and bases
partially dissociate when dissolved in water
⩥ reversible reactions. Answer: reactions that reach a state of chemical
equilibrium, the reaction mixture contains quantities of both products
and reactants
weak electrolytes still conduct electricity, just not at the magnitude of
strong electrolytes
⩥ what happens when a solute dissolves. Answer: -there are attractive
forces between the solute particles holding them together
-there are also attractive forces between the solvent molecules
-when we mix the solute with the solvent, there are attractive forces
between the solute particles and the solvent molecules
-if the attractions between solute and solvent are strong enough, the
solute will dissolve
⩥ insoluble. Answer: compounds that do not dissolve in water
⩥ double replacement. Answer: a type of reaction in which the ions of
two ionic compounds exchange places to form two new compounds.
Like ions swap places with each other.
AX + BY > BX +AY
,⩥ Steps for predicting products of double displacement reactions.
Answer: 1. Swap like ions
2. Balance compound charges
3. Balance chemical equation
⩥ Precipitation Reactions. Answer: a type of double replacement
reaction in which an insoluble compound forms from two aqueous ionic
solutions.
The insoluble solid product is called a Precipitate
⩥ Molecular Equation. Answer: shows the complete formulas of all
reactants and products. written as neutral compounds
⩥ Total (complete) ionic equation. Answer: Particle-level view of the
reaction in aqueous solution. Molecular equations containing ionic
compounds are misleading because they don't show how the ionic
compounds exist.
⩥ spectator ions. Answer: ions that are identical on both sides of the
reaction.
Do not participate in the reaction.
, ⩥ Net ionic equation. Answer: an ionic equation that includes only the
particles that participate in the reaction.
leaves spectator ions out of the equation
⩥ acids. Answer: molecular compounds that ionize to produce
hydronium (H30+) in water.
Also defined and referred to as Arrhenius Acid
⩥ Hydronium. Answer: H3O+
represented by H+ (also called a proton)
⩥ Acids can be. Answer: strong or weak electrolytes because it
completely ionizes
⩥ Strong acids. Answer: Hydrochloric acid HCl
Hydrobromic acid HBr
Hydroiodic acid HI
Nitric acid HNO3
Sulfuric acid H2SO4
Perchloric acid HClO4
⩥ weak acids. Answer: an acid that is only PARTIALLY ionized in
aqueous solution
SCRIPT 2026 COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
GRADED A+
⩥ dilution. Answer: Adding water to a solution in order to decrease the
concentration, does not change particles of solution but changes volume
⩥ dilution calculation. Answer: M1V1=M2V2
⩥ solution stoichiometry. Answer: A method of calculating the
concentration of substances in a chemical reaction by measuring the
volumes of solutions that react completely; sometimes called volumetric
stoichiometry.
Molarity A > amount A (in moles) > amount B (in moles) > Molarity B
⩥ nonelectrolyte. Answer: (molecules, except acids)
compounds that remain intact when dissolved in water
⩥ electrolyte. Answer: (ionic and acids)
compounds that dissociate into ions and conduct electricity in water
⩥ strong electrolytes. Answer: any compound that COMPLETELY
dissociates when dissolved in water
,⩥ weak electrolytes. Answer: weak acids and bases
partially dissociate when dissolved in water
⩥ reversible reactions. Answer: reactions that reach a state of chemical
equilibrium, the reaction mixture contains quantities of both products
and reactants
weak electrolytes still conduct electricity, just not at the magnitude of
strong electrolytes
⩥ what happens when a solute dissolves. Answer: -there are attractive
forces between the solute particles holding them together
-there are also attractive forces between the solvent molecules
-when we mix the solute with the solvent, there are attractive forces
between the solute particles and the solvent molecules
-if the attractions between solute and solvent are strong enough, the
solute will dissolve
⩥ insoluble. Answer: compounds that do not dissolve in water
⩥ double replacement. Answer: a type of reaction in which the ions of
two ionic compounds exchange places to form two new compounds.
Like ions swap places with each other.
AX + BY > BX +AY
,⩥ Steps for predicting products of double displacement reactions.
Answer: 1. Swap like ions
2. Balance compound charges
3. Balance chemical equation
⩥ Precipitation Reactions. Answer: a type of double replacement
reaction in which an insoluble compound forms from two aqueous ionic
solutions.
The insoluble solid product is called a Precipitate
⩥ Molecular Equation. Answer: shows the complete formulas of all
reactants and products. written as neutral compounds
⩥ Total (complete) ionic equation. Answer: Particle-level view of the
reaction in aqueous solution. Molecular equations containing ionic
compounds are misleading because they don't show how the ionic
compounds exist.
⩥ spectator ions. Answer: ions that are identical on both sides of the
reaction.
Do not participate in the reaction.
, ⩥ Net ionic equation. Answer: an ionic equation that includes only the
particles that participate in the reaction.
leaves spectator ions out of the equation
⩥ acids. Answer: molecular compounds that ionize to produce
hydronium (H30+) in water.
Also defined and referred to as Arrhenius Acid
⩥ Hydronium. Answer: H3O+
represented by H+ (also called a proton)
⩥ Acids can be. Answer: strong or weak electrolytes because it
completely ionizes
⩥ Strong acids. Answer: Hydrochloric acid HCl
Hydrobromic acid HBr
Hydroiodic acid HI
Nitric acid HNO3
Sulfuric acid H2SO4
Perchloric acid HClO4
⩥ weak acids. Answer: an acid that is only PARTIALLY ionized in
aqueous solution
