Test Bank for McCance & Huether’s Pathophysiology: The Biologic Basis for Disease in Adultsand Children 9th Edition by Julia Rogers

TEST BANK FOR PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 9TH
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EDITION MCCANCE (ALL CHAPTERS)
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Test Bank for McCance
& Huether’s
Pathophysiology: The
Biologic Basis for Disease
in Adultsand Children
9th Edition by Julia
Rogers

,TEST BANK FOR PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 9TH
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EDITION MCCANCE (ALL CHAPTERS)
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PATHO PHYSIOL zv




OGY9TH EDITION zv z




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TESTBANK zv




LATEST REVISED zv

, TEST BANK FOR PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 9TH zv zv zv zv zv




EDITION MCCANCE (ALL CHAPTERS) zv zv zv




Chapter 1: Cellular Biology
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MULTIPLE CHOICE zv




1. Which component of the cell prodNuUc eR sS IhNyGdTroBg. Ce nO Mperoxide (H2O2) by using oxygen to
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remove hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction?
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a. Lysosomes c. Ribosomes
b. Peroxisomes d. Oxyhydrosomes zv




ANS: B zv


Peroxisomes are so named because they usually contain enzymes that use oxygen to re
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move hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction that produces H2
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O2, which is a powerful oxidant and potentially destructive if it accumulates or escapes
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from peroxisomes. Ribosomes are RNA-
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protein complexes (nucleoproteins) that are synthesized in the nucleolus and secreted int
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o the cytoplasm through pores in the nuclear envelope called nuclear pore complexes. L
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ysosomes are saclike structures that originate from the Golgi complex and contain more
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than 40 digestive enzymes called hydrolases, which catalyze bonds in proteins, lipids, nu
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cleic acids, and carbohydrates. Oxyhydrosomes are involved in enzyme production.
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PTS: z v z v 1 REF: Page 8 zv zv




2. Which statement best describes the cellular function of metabolic absorption?
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a. Cells can produce proteins. c. Cells can take in and use nutrients.
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b. Cells can secrete digestive enzymes. d. Cells can synthesize fats.
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ANS: C zv


In metabolic absorption, all cells take in and use nutrients and other substances from their
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surroundings. The remaining options are not inclusive in their descriptions of cellular m
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etabolic absorption. zv




PTS: z v z v 1 REF: Page 2 zv zv




3. Most of a cell’s genetic information, including RNA and DNA, is contained in the:
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a. Mitochondria c. Nucleolus
b. Ribosome d. Lysosome z v z v




ANS: C zv


The nucleus contains the nucleolus, a small dense structure composed largely of RNA,
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most of the cellular DNA, and the DNA-
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binding proteins, such as the histones, which regulate its activity. The other options do n
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ot contain most of a cell’s genetic information.
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PTS: z v z v 1 REF: Page 2 zv zv




4. Which cell component is capable of cellular autodigestion when it is released during cel
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l injury?
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a. Ribosome c. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum zv zv


b. Golgi complex zv d. Lysosomes
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ANS: D zv

, TEST BANK FOR PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 9TH zv zv zv zv zv




EDITION MCCANCE (ALL CHAPTERS) zv zv zv




The lysosomal membrane acts as a protective shield between the powerful digestive enz
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ymes within the lysosome and the cytoplasm, preventing their leakage into the cytoplas
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mic matrix. Disruption of the membrane by various treatments or cellular injury leads to
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a release of the lysosomal enzymes, which can then react with their specific substrates,
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causing cellular self-digestion. The other options do not correctly describe this process.
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PTS: z v z v 1 REF: Pages 7-8 zv zv




5. What is the sequence of steps in the development of a digestive enzyme by the pancrea
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s cells from the initial transcription to the release from the cell?
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a. The enzyme is transcribed from DNA by RNA in the nucleus, proceeds to th
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e ribosome for synthesis, and is transported in a secretory vesicle to the cel
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l membrane. zv


b. The enzyme is transcribed from RNA by DNA in the nucleus, proceeds to the l
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ysosome for synthesis, and is transported in an encapsulated membrane to the cell
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membrane. v


c. The enzyme is transcribed by the mitochondria in the nucleus, proceeds to the
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ribosome for synthesis, and is transported in a cytoskeleton to the cell membrane
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.
d. The enzyme is transcribed from DNA by RNA in the nucleus, proceeds to the
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Golgi complex for synthesis, and is transported in a cytosol to the cell membrane
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.
ANS: A zv


The enzyme is transcribed from DNA by RNA in the nucleus, proceeds to the ribosome
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for synthesis, and is transported in a secretory vesicle to the cell membrane. The other
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options do not correctly describe this process.
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NURSINGTB.COM
PTS: z v z v 1 REF: Page 7 | Figure 1-5 zv zv zv zv zv




6. During which phase of the cell cycle is DNA synthesized?
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a. G1 c. G2
b. S d. M zv




ANS: B zv


The four designated phases of the cell cycle are: (1) the G1 phase (G = gap), which is t
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he period between the M phase (M = mitosis) and the start of DNA synthesis; (2) the S ph
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ase (S = synthesis), during which DNA is synthesized in the cell nucleus; (3) the G2 ph
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ase, during which RNA and protein synthesis occurs, the period between the completion
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of DNA synthesis and the next phase (M); and (4) the M phase, which includes nuclea
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r and cytoplasmic division.
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PTS: z v z v 1 REF: Page 37 zv zv




7. What organic compound facilitates transportation across cell membranes by acting as
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receptors, transport channels for electrolytes, and enzymes to drive active pumps?
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a. Lipids c. Proteins
b. Proteases d. Carbohydrates zv




ANS: C zv