DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
Preconventional (a) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅stage 1: deference to authority, fear of punishment
Preconventional (b) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅stage 2: reciprocity, mutual satisfaction
Conventional (a) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅stage 3: virtues trust, loyalty, kindess
Conventional (b) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅stage 4: attention to justice, authority
postconventional (a) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅stage 5: higher principles
postconventional (b) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅stage 6: "universal" human rights
Morals - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅thinking (about what to do), feeling (about what to do or what was
done), and behaving based on rules and customs about how people interact with others
moral development - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅children develop an internalize moral standards and
develop an evolving more capacity that influences how they think about moral issues, feel about moral
matters and behave in complex situations
Piaget's Theory of Moral Development - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅stage based, explained from cognitive
perspective, determined from watching kids play a marble game, 3 stages
Piaget up to 4 years - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅No rules, children are not concerned with morality, rules
are meaning less
Piaget 4 to 7 years - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅absolute rules, children believe rules are fixed and
unchangeable, they come from authority figures and are meant to be obeyed, judgements on right and
wrong are based on consequences, break rules = punishment
, Piaget 7 to 11 years - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅children realize rules are made by people and can be
changed, punishment should be linked to intent of violator, realize that opinions and feelings of others
matter
Kohlberg's Theory of Moral development - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅influenced by Piaget and more
elaborative, children must overcome egocentrism before they can make true moral judgements
Preconventional (a) example - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅children follow rules because adults tell me, fear
of punishment motivates action
Preconventional (b) example - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅children develop and pursue own interests,
notions of reciprocity and mutual satisfaction emerge
conventional (a) example - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅people value trust, loyalty, and kindness, impacts
their their judgement
Conventional (b) example - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅moral judgements include attention to justice and
authority
postconventional (a) example - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅people realize that there are greater rights and
principles that support or are above the law
postconventional (b) example - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅people consider universal human rights and
follow their own conscience
Gilligan 's critique of kohlberg - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅critic of Kohlberg, kohlberg research on males.
gender bias, kohlberg focused on justice and not interpersonal relationships
Gilligan 's Ethics of Care - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅male and female have different sequence of moral
development, justice (male concern) versus interpersonal relationships (female concern)
ANSWERS
Preconventional (a) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅stage 1: deference to authority, fear of punishment
Preconventional (b) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅stage 2: reciprocity, mutual satisfaction
Conventional (a) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅stage 3: virtues trust, loyalty, kindess
Conventional (b) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅stage 4: attention to justice, authority
postconventional (a) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅stage 5: higher principles
postconventional (b) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅stage 6: "universal" human rights
Morals - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅thinking (about what to do), feeling (about what to do or what was
done), and behaving based on rules and customs about how people interact with others
moral development - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅children develop an internalize moral standards and
develop an evolving more capacity that influences how they think about moral issues, feel about moral
matters and behave in complex situations
Piaget's Theory of Moral Development - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅stage based, explained from cognitive
perspective, determined from watching kids play a marble game, 3 stages
Piaget up to 4 years - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅No rules, children are not concerned with morality, rules
are meaning less
Piaget 4 to 7 years - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅absolute rules, children believe rules are fixed and
unchangeable, they come from authority figures and are meant to be obeyed, judgements on right and
wrong are based on consequences, break rules = punishment
, Piaget 7 to 11 years - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅children realize rules are made by people and can be
changed, punishment should be linked to intent of violator, realize that opinions and feelings of others
matter
Kohlberg's Theory of Moral development - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅influenced by Piaget and more
elaborative, children must overcome egocentrism before they can make true moral judgements
Preconventional (a) example - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅children follow rules because adults tell me, fear
of punishment motivates action
Preconventional (b) example - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅children develop and pursue own interests,
notions of reciprocity and mutual satisfaction emerge
conventional (a) example - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅people value trust, loyalty, and kindness, impacts
their their judgement
Conventional (b) example - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅moral judgements include attention to justice and
authority
postconventional (a) example - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅people realize that there are greater rights and
principles that support or are above the law
postconventional (b) example - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅people consider universal human rights and
follow their own conscience
Gilligan 's critique of kohlberg - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅critic of Kohlberg, kohlberg research on males.
gender bias, kohlberg focused on justice and not interpersonal relationships
Gilligan 's Ethics of Care - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅male and female have different sequence of moral
development, justice (male concern) versus interpersonal relationships (female concern)
