PNN, Chapter 1, ANS for CPJE (PNN)
Exam Questions & Answers (Grade
A+)2026
ANC -
correct answer ✅Autonomic Nervous System
ANC has 2 divisions -
correct answer ✅1. Sympathetic (adrenergic) or fight/flight
response.
2. Parasympathetic (cholinergic) or rest/digest response
Sympathetic and Parasympathetic divisions -
correct answer ✅1. 2 divisions works automatically but at different
time to meet body needs
2. High activity of one system usually means low activity of other
system
3. Cholinergic effects are usually similar to antiadrenergic effects
4. Adrenergic effects are usually similar to anticholinergic effects
Parasympathetic (cholinergic) -
correct answer ✅Transmits neurotransmitter (NT) Ach
(acetylcholine) via synaptic cleft --------> to cholinergic receptors
and Ach attaches to them
,PNN, Chapter 1, ANS for CPJE (PNN)
Exam Questions & Answers (Grade
A+)2026
Sympathetic (localized) -
correct answer ✅Transmits NT (neurotransmitter) NorEpi (NE)
(norepinephrene) via synaptic cleft --------> to adrenergic receptors
a1, b1 and b2 and NE attaches to then
Symnpathetic (generalized) -
correct answer ✅Transmits Epi (epinephrene) hormone from
adrenergic gland via blood to adrenergic receptors a1, b2 and b3 of
many organs
Somatic nervous system (voluntary), operates via skeletal muscles -
correct answer ✅1. Not a part of ANC
2. Transmits NT Ach via synaptic cleft to nicotinic receptors of
skeletal muscles and Ach now attached to nicotinic receptors
3. Skeletal muscle contacts
Autoimmune disease -
correct answer ✅1. Body attacks apparatus where Ach is sitting on
nicotinic receptors of the muscles and causes problems with muscle
contraction.
2. Example: Myasthenia Gravis
, PNN, Chapter 1, ANS for CPJE (PNN)
Exam Questions & Answers (Grade
A+)2026
3. This disease mostly affects females with symptoms such as
fatigue, muscles tired, difficult to brash hair and teeth
Parasympathetic = Cholinergic (similar to Anti-Adrenergic) -
correct answer ✅1. Rest and Digest
2. NT Ach tansmits -----> via synaptic cleft to cholinergic receptors
of effector organs
3. Outflow of fluids (emptying fluids from organs to outside)
a. urination
b. defecation
c. salivation
d. lacrimation
e. Emptying of intraocular fluid from the eye to decrease P inside of
eye (if fluid does not go out of eye, intraocular P increases inside of
eye and causes Glaucoma)
4. Also get anti-adrenergic effects with cholinergic medications
Exam Questions & Answers (Grade
A+)2026
ANC -
correct answer ✅Autonomic Nervous System
ANC has 2 divisions -
correct answer ✅1. Sympathetic (adrenergic) or fight/flight
response.
2. Parasympathetic (cholinergic) or rest/digest response
Sympathetic and Parasympathetic divisions -
correct answer ✅1. 2 divisions works automatically but at different
time to meet body needs
2. High activity of one system usually means low activity of other
system
3. Cholinergic effects are usually similar to antiadrenergic effects
4. Adrenergic effects are usually similar to anticholinergic effects
Parasympathetic (cholinergic) -
correct answer ✅Transmits neurotransmitter (NT) Ach
(acetylcholine) via synaptic cleft --------> to cholinergic receptors
and Ach attaches to them
,PNN, Chapter 1, ANS for CPJE (PNN)
Exam Questions & Answers (Grade
A+)2026
Sympathetic (localized) -
correct answer ✅Transmits NT (neurotransmitter) NorEpi (NE)
(norepinephrene) via synaptic cleft --------> to adrenergic receptors
a1, b1 and b2 and NE attaches to then
Symnpathetic (generalized) -
correct answer ✅Transmits Epi (epinephrene) hormone from
adrenergic gland via blood to adrenergic receptors a1, b2 and b3 of
many organs
Somatic nervous system (voluntary), operates via skeletal muscles -
correct answer ✅1. Not a part of ANC
2. Transmits NT Ach via synaptic cleft to nicotinic receptors of
skeletal muscles and Ach now attached to nicotinic receptors
3. Skeletal muscle contacts
Autoimmune disease -
correct answer ✅1. Body attacks apparatus where Ach is sitting on
nicotinic receptors of the muscles and causes problems with muscle
contraction.
2. Example: Myasthenia Gravis
, PNN, Chapter 1, ANS for CPJE (PNN)
Exam Questions & Answers (Grade
A+)2026
3. This disease mostly affects females with symptoms such as
fatigue, muscles tired, difficult to brash hair and teeth
Parasympathetic = Cholinergic (similar to Anti-Adrenergic) -
correct answer ✅1. Rest and Digest
2. NT Ach tansmits -----> via synaptic cleft to cholinergic receptors
of effector organs
3. Outflow of fluids (emptying fluids from organs to outside)
a. urination
b. defecation
c. salivation
d. lacrimation
e. Emptying of intraocular fluid from the eye to decrease P inside of
eye (if fluid does not go out of eye, intraocular P increases inside of
eye and causes Glaucoma)
4. Also get anti-adrenergic effects with cholinergic medications
