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TRL3701: Transport Management II
May/June Examination 2026 — Covers Papers from 2023 to 2025
⋆ ⋄ ⋆ ⋄ ⋆ ⋄ ⋆ ⋄ ⋆
Transport Economics & Logistics — NQF Level 7
Exam Revision Guide
TRL3701
Module Code:
Transport Management II
Module Name:
May/June 2023, 2024 & 2025
Papers Covered:
May/June Examination 2026
Exam Title:
70 marks per paper
Total Marks:
2 hours
Duration:
Study to understand the principles — not to memorise. The exam tests your ability
to apply concepts to real-world transport scenarios.
Exam Revision Notes | TRL3701 | 2023–2026
,TRL3701 | Exam Revision 2023–2025 Transport Management II
PART A: MAY/JUNE 2023 EXAMINATION PAPER
TRL3701 – Transport Management II | 70 Marks | 2 Hours
Page 2 of 35
,TRL3701 | Exam Revision 2023–2025 Transport Management II
Question 1 [20 marks]
(a) [10 marks]
Question: Define transport management and explain the main task of transport manage-
ment in the context of balancing demand and supply within a transport system. (10)
Answer: Transport management covers the planning, direction and control of all
traffic and transport services – both passenger and freight – across all modes. The goal,
stripped to its core, is efficiency: matching what users need with what the system can
provide.
The main task can be described as the balancing of demand and supply through the
management process (planning, organising, directing and control) and the execution of
key management tasks – decision-making, coordination, negotiation and communication
– all within a regulatory framework.
Why does that balancing matter so much? A few reasons:
• The demand for transport is a derived demand – people don’t travel for the sake
of travelling; they travel because they need to reach a destination, access goods, or
provide services. Demand therefore fluctuates with economic and social activity.
• Transport enterprises must supply services at the right time, the right place and the
right quality – or else users shift modes, complain, or simply stay home. Getting
that balance wrong costs money on both sides.
• The economic principle underpins everything: maximum need satisfaction using
minimum scarce resources. Whether public or private, a transport enterprise
that ignores this will not survive.
• External factors – regulation, infrastructure quality, fuel prices, technology – all af-
fect how well supply can respond to demand. Management cannot always control
these, but must account for them.
Key Concept
Transport management adds value by creating utility of place (moving goods
to where they are needed) and utility of time (delivering at the right moment).
These two utilities make transport integral to the production and distribution of
all goods and services.
Page 3 of 35
, TRL3701 | Exam Revision 2023–2025 Transport Management II
Exam Tip
In an exam, a good answer on “balancing demand and supply” will mention: de-
rived demand, the management process (plan-organise-direct-control), regulatory
constraints, and the goal of profit maximisation combined with cost minimisation.
One or two of these left out usually costs marks.
(b) [10 marks]
Question: Discuss FIVE transport trends that are relevant to South Africa’s transport
sector. (10)
Answer: Transport systems don’t stand still – they shift with fuel prices, population
patterns, technology and politics. Here are five trends worth knowing:
1. Roads, Vehicles and Congestion
Car ownership has climbed steadily in South Africa, pushing traffic volumes upward
on major routes. Close to a third of households now have access to two or more vehi-
cles. The result is worsening urban congestion – Johannesburg and Cape Town feature
consistently in global congestion indices. Fuel costs and economic cycles dip this trend
temporarily, but the long-run direction is upward.
2. Shift Toward Public Transport Investment
Government has acknowledged that private car dependence is unsustainable. The Bus
Rapid Transit (BRT) system – Rea Vaya in Johannesburg, MyCiTi in Cape Town –
represents a deliberate policy push. Bus operators have invested in newer vehicles, and
passenger satisfaction on these systems is generally higher than on traditional minibus
taxis. That said, integration between BRT, rail and taxis remains incomplete.
3. Freight and Logistics Growth – with Rising Costs
Road freight has absorbed a greater share of cargo as rail infrastructure deteriorated
under Transnet’s operational challenges. Logistics costs (measured in tonne-kilometres)
have risen sharply. There’s also a push toward intermodal solutions – combining road
and rail – to reduce long-haul road haulage.
4. ICT and Digitalisation
Electronic Data Interchange (EDI), GPS fleet tracking, mobile communication and e-
Page 4 of 35
]]
TRL3701: Transport Management II
May/June Examination 2026 — Covers Papers from 2023 to 2025
⋆ ⋄ ⋆ ⋄ ⋆ ⋄ ⋆ ⋄ ⋆
Transport Economics & Logistics — NQF Level 7
Exam Revision Guide
TRL3701
Module Code:
Transport Management II
Module Name:
May/June 2023, 2024 & 2025
Papers Covered:
May/June Examination 2026
Exam Title:
70 marks per paper
Total Marks:
2 hours
Duration:
Study to understand the principles — not to memorise. The exam tests your ability
to apply concepts to real-world transport scenarios.
Exam Revision Notes | TRL3701 | 2023–2026
,TRL3701 | Exam Revision 2023–2025 Transport Management II
PART A: MAY/JUNE 2023 EXAMINATION PAPER
TRL3701 – Transport Management II | 70 Marks | 2 Hours
Page 2 of 35
,TRL3701 | Exam Revision 2023–2025 Transport Management II
Question 1 [20 marks]
(a) [10 marks]
Question: Define transport management and explain the main task of transport manage-
ment in the context of balancing demand and supply within a transport system. (10)
Answer: Transport management covers the planning, direction and control of all
traffic and transport services – both passenger and freight – across all modes. The goal,
stripped to its core, is efficiency: matching what users need with what the system can
provide.
The main task can be described as the balancing of demand and supply through the
management process (planning, organising, directing and control) and the execution of
key management tasks – decision-making, coordination, negotiation and communication
– all within a regulatory framework.
Why does that balancing matter so much? A few reasons:
• The demand for transport is a derived demand – people don’t travel for the sake
of travelling; they travel because they need to reach a destination, access goods, or
provide services. Demand therefore fluctuates with economic and social activity.
• Transport enterprises must supply services at the right time, the right place and the
right quality – or else users shift modes, complain, or simply stay home. Getting
that balance wrong costs money on both sides.
• The economic principle underpins everything: maximum need satisfaction using
minimum scarce resources. Whether public or private, a transport enterprise
that ignores this will not survive.
• External factors – regulation, infrastructure quality, fuel prices, technology – all af-
fect how well supply can respond to demand. Management cannot always control
these, but must account for them.
Key Concept
Transport management adds value by creating utility of place (moving goods
to where they are needed) and utility of time (delivering at the right moment).
These two utilities make transport integral to the production and distribution of
all goods and services.
Page 3 of 35
, TRL3701 | Exam Revision 2023–2025 Transport Management II
Exam Tip
In an exam, a good answer on “balancing demand and supply” will mention: de-
rived demand, the management process (plan-organise-direct-control), regulatory
constraints, and the goal of profit maximisation combined with cost minimisation.
One or two of these left out usually costs marks.
(b) [10 marks]
Question: Discuss FIVE transport trends that are relevant to South Africa’s transport
sector. (10)
Answer: Transport systems don’t stand still – they shift with fuel prices, population
patterns, technology and politics. Here are five trends worth knowing:
1. Roads, Vehicles and Congestion
Car ownership has climbed steadily in South Africa, pushing traffic volumes upward
on major routes. Close to a third of households now have access to two or more vehi-
cles. The result is worsening urban congestion – Johannesburg and Cape Town feature
consistently in global congestion indices. Fuel costs and economic cycles dip this trend
temporarily, but the long-run direction is upward.
2. Shift Toward Public Transport Investment
Government has acknowledged that private car dependence is unsustainable. The Bus
Rapid Transit (BRT) system – Rea Vaya in Johannesburg, MyCiTi in Cape Town –
represents a deliberate policy push. Bus operators have invested in newer vehicles, and
passenger satisfaction on these systems is generally higher than on traditional minibus
taxis. That said, integration between BRT, rail and taxis remains incomplete.
3. Freight and Logistics Growth – with Rising Costs
Road freight has absorbed a greater share of cargo as rail infrastructure deteriorated
under Transnet’s operational challenges. Logistics costs (measured in tonne-kilometres)
have risen sharply. There’s also a push toward intermodal solutions – combining road
and rail – to reduce long-haul road haulage.
4. ICT and Digitalisation
Electronic Data Interchange (EDI), GPS fleet tracking, mobile communication and e-
Page 4 of 35
