NR 601
New Final Exam Study Guide Primary Care of The Maturing &
Aged Family Practicum | Chamberlain University | Latest Updated
Version
THIS DOCUMENT CONTAINS:
❖NR 601
❖New Final Exam Study Guide
❖Primary Care of The Maturing & Aged Family Practicum
❖Chamberlain University
❖Latest Updated Version
❖100% Guaranteed Pass
,NR601 – Primary Care of the Maturing and Aged Family Practicum
Exam Study Guide – Final Exam
2. Key Concepts to Study
For each of the conditions listed above, be prepared to show mastery in these areas:
• Pharmacologic management
• Physical assessment findings
• Differential diagnoses
• Patient education and follow-up recommendations
• Application of clinical practice guidelines
4. Recommended Resources
• Textbook Chapters in Harrisons Internal Medicine
o Week 5: 383,384, 395,403, 404
o Week 6: 87, 135, 311, 323, 324, 327, 334, 346
o Week 7: 22, 426, 430, 433, 435, 446, 452
o Week 8: 358, 371, 372, 411
1. Exam Coverage
Content Objective week 5: Clinical diagnosis and management of clients with:
o Type 2 diabetes
DM is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD), nontraumatic lower-extremity amputations, and
adult blindness.
Persons with diabetes are at increased risk for cardiovascular disease, which is the main cause of morbidity and
mortality in this population.
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
➢ Type 2 DM is a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by variable degrees
of insulin resistance, impaired insulin secretion, and increased hepatic glucose
production.
➢ Defects in insulin action and/or secretion give rise to the common phenotype of
hyperglycemia in type 2 DM and have important therapeutic implications now that
pharmacologic agents are available to target specific metabolic derangements.
1 | 135
,DIAGNOSIS
➢ An FPG <5.6 mmol/L (100 mg/dL), a plasma glucose <7.9 mmol/L (140 mg/dL) following
an oral glucose challenge, and an HbA1c <5.7% are considered to define normal glucose
tolerance.
PREDIABETES : increased risk of diabetes, or intermediate hyperglycemia
➢ First, impaired fasting glucose (IFG) is defined as a fasting plasma glucose (FPG) value of
5.6–6.9 mmol/L (100–125 mg/dL)
➢ Second, impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) is defined as a plasma glucose level of 7.8–11
mmol/L (140–199 mg/dL) following an oral glucose challenge.
➢ Third, an HbA1c of 5.7–6.4% reflects dysglycemia by all mechanisms.
DIABETES
➢ A FPG ≥7.0 mmol/L (126 mg/dL)
➢ glucose ≥11.1 mmol/L (200 mg/dL) 2 h after an oral glucose challenge,
➢ HbA1c ≥6.5% meets the criteria for the diagnosis of DM
➢ Current criteria for the diagnosis of DM emphasize the HbA1c and the FPG as the most reliable
and convenient tests for identifying DM in asymptomatic individuals.
➢ African Americans have a higher HbA1c value compared to non-Hispanic whites with a similar
level of glycemia
➢ OGTT, although a valid means for diagnosing DM, is not often used in routine clinical care with
the exception of pregnancy care and screening for gestational diabetes.
MANAGEMENT
2 | 135
, PHARMACOLOGIC MANAGEMENT
3 | 135
New Final Exam Study Guide Primary Care of The Maturing &
Aged Family Practicum | Chamberlain University | Latest Updated
Version
THIS DOCUMENT CONTAINS:
❖NR 601
❖New Final Exam Study Guide
❖Primary Care of The Maturing & Aged Family Practicum
❖Chamberlain University
❖Latest Updated Version
❖100% Guaranteed Pass
,NR601 – Primary Care of the Maturing and Aged Family Practicum
Exam Study Guide – Final Exam
2. Key Concepts to Study
For each of the conditions listed above, be prepared to show mastery in these areas:
• Pharmacologic management
• Physical assessment findings
• Differential diagnoses
• Patient education and follow-up recommendations
• Application of clinical practice guidelines
4. Recommended Resources
• Textbook Chapters in Harrisons Internal Medicine
o Week 5: 383,384, 395,403, 404
o Week 6: 87, 135, 311, 323, 324, 327, 334, 346
o Week 7: 22, 426, 430, 433, 435, 446, 452
o Week 8: 358, 371, 372, 411
1. Exam Coverage
Content Objective week 5: Clinical diagnosis and management of clients with:
o Type 2 diabetes
DM is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD), nontraumatic lower-extremity amputations, and
adult blindness.
Persons with diabetes are at increased risk for cardiovascular disease, which is the main cause of morbidity and
mortality in this population.
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
➢ Type 2 DM is a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by variable degrees
of insulin resistance, impaired insulin secretion, and increased hepatic glucose
production.
➢ Defects in insulin action and/or secretion give rise to the common phenotype of
hyperglycemia in type 2 DM and have important therapeutic implications now that
pharmacologic agents are available to target specific metabolic derangements.
1 | 135
,DIAGNOSIS
➢ An FPG <5.6 mmol/L (100 mg/dL), a plasma glucose <7.9 mmol/L (140 mg/dL) following
an oral glucose challenge, and an HbA1c <5.7% are considered to define normal glucose
tolerance.
PREDIABETES : increased risk of diabetes, or intermediate hyperglycemia
➢ First, impaired fasting glucose (IFG) is defined as a fasting plasma glucose (FPG) value of
5.6–6.9 mmol/L (100–125 mg/dL)
➢ Second, impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) is defined as a plasma glucose level of 7.8–11
mmol/L (140–199 mg/dL) following an oral glucose challenge.
➢ Third, an HbA1c of 5.7–6.4% reflects dysglycemia by all mechanisms.
DIABETES
➢ A FPG ≥7.0 mmol/L (126 mg/dL)
➢ glucose ≥11.1 mmol/L (200 mg/dL) 2 h after an oral glucose challenge,
➢ HbA1c ≥6.5% meets the criteria for the diagnosis of DM
➢ Current criteria for the diagnosis of DM emphasize the HbA1c and the FPG as the most reliable
and convenient tests for identifying DM in asymptomatic individuals.
➢ African Americans have a higher HbA1c value compared to non-Hispanic whites with a similar
level of glycemia
➢ OGTT, although a valid means for diagnosing DM, is not often used in routine clinical care with
the exception of pregnancy care and screening for gestational diabetes.
MANAGEMENT
2 | 135
, PHARMACOLOGIC MANAGEMENT
3 | 135
