BIOL240 A-BacT Practice Exam
Questions and All Correct Answers
Graded A+.
Sterilization - Answer The process that completely destroys all microbial life, including
spores.
ex of sterilization - Answer Autoclave and filtration
Aseptic technique - Answer A procedure performed under sterile conditions.
Aseptic examples - Answer preparation of surgical field; handwashing, flame sterilization of
lab equipment
Disinfection - Answer Process of destroying pathogens on a surface.
Example of disinfection - Answer use of phenolics, alcohols, aldehydes, or soaps on
equipment or surfaces
Antisepsis - Answer destroying harmful microorganisms from living tissue
Example of anti-sepsis - Answer Iodine on skin before injection and alcohol swabbing
Degerming - Answer removing microbes from a limited aread
Degerming example - Answer Hand washing; alcohol swabbing at site of injection
Sanitization - Answer Reduction of pathogen on objects to meet public health standards
sanitization examples - Answer dishwashing, laundering clothes
Pasteurization - Answer A process of heating food to a temperature that is high enough to
kill most harmful bacteria without changing the taste of the food.
examples of pasteurization - Answer milk and fruit juices
, Enterotoxin - Answer Toxin that affects the intestines
Thermal death point - Answer the lowest temperature required to kill all microbes in a
sample in 10 minutes
Thermal death time - Answer shortest length of time required to kill all test microbes at a
specified temperature
Decimal reduction time - Answer Minutes to kill 90% of a population at a given temperature
Physical methods of microbial control - Answer Boiling, autoclaving, refrigeration, osmotic
pressure, dessication, radiation, non-ionizing radiation, filtration
Boiling - Answer Very effective for decontamination not sterilization
Autoclaving - Answer Steam under pressure use for sterilization, biological indicators are
used for confirm sterility
Refrigeration - Answer Some bacteria survive cold temperature, examples of a psychrophiles:
Listeria, Yesenia
osmotic pressure - Answer High concentrations of salt or sugar create a hypertonic
environment that inhibits microbial growth
Desiccation - Answer Drying removes water required for metabolism, bacteria cannot
survive without water for cellular processes, lyophilization, freeze - drying used for long term
Radiation - Answer Produces high energy waves that create ions damaging DNA, example
gamma rays, x-rays, electron beams. Use for sterilizing medical equipment and food
Non-ionizing radiation - Answer Changes DNA bond structure causing mutation and cell
death. Example UV light, visible light, infrared radiation, radio waves
Filtration - Answer Fluid or gas passes through a sieve-like filter to remove microbials.
Example HEPA filters in buildings
Low level germicides - Answer Detergent, target is lipid membranes
Questions and All Correct Answers
Graded A+.
Sterilization - Answer The process that completely destroys all microbial life, including
spores.
ex of sterilization - Answer Autoclave and filtration
Aseptic technique - Answer A procedure performed under sterile conditions.
Aseptic examples - Answer preparation of surgical field; handwashing, flame sterilization of
lab equipment
Disinfection - Answer Process of destroying pathogens on a surface.
Example of disinfection - Answer use of phenolics, alcohols, aldehydes, or soaps on
equipment or surfaces
Antisepsis - Answer destroying harmful microorganisms from living tissue
Example of anti-sepsis - Answer Iodine on skin before injection and alcohol swabbing
Degerming - Answer removing microbes from a limited aread
Degerming example - Answer Hand washing; alcohol swabbing at site of injection
Sanitization - Answer Reduction of pathogen on objects to meet public health standards
sanitization examples - Answer dishwashing, laundering clothes
Pasteurization - Answer A process of heating food to a temperature that is high enough to
kill most harmful bacteria without changing the taste of the food.
examples of pasteurization - Answer milk and fruit juices
, Enterotoxin - Answer Toxin that affects the intestines
Thermal death point - Answer the lowest temperature required to kill all microbes in a
sample in 10 minutes
Thermal death time - Answer shortest length of time required to kill all test microbes at a
specified temperature
Decimal reduction time - Answer Minutes to kill 90% of a population at a given temperature
Physical methods of microbial control - Answer Boiling, autoclaving, refrigeration, osmotic
pressure, dessication, radiation, non-ionizing radiation, filtration
Boiling - Answer Very effective for decontamination not sterilization
Autoclaving - Answer Steam under pressure use for sterilization, biological indicators are
used for confirm sterility
Refrigeration - Answer Some bacteria survive cold temperature, examples of a psychrophiles:
Listeria, Yesenia
osmotic pressure - Answer High concentrations of salt or sugar create a hypertonic
environment that inhibits microbial growth
Desiccation - Answer Drying removes water required for metabolism, bacteria cannot
survive without water for cellular processes, lyophilization, freeze - drying used for long term
Radiation - Answer Produces high energy waves that create ions damaging DNA, example
gamma rays, x-rays, electron beams. Use for sterilizing medical equipment and food
Non-ionizing radiation - Answer Changes DNA bond structure causing mutation and cell
death. Example UV light, visible light, infrared radiation, radio waves
Filtration - Answer Fluid or gas passes through a sieve-like filter to remove microbials.
Example HEPA filters in buildings
Low level germicides - Answer Detergent, target is lipid membranes
