NUT 207 Final Exam QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Energy balance - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅The relationship between energy intake and energy
expenditure
Energy equilibrium - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅When calories consumed equal calories expended
Positive energy balance - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Energy intake exceeds expenditure, leading to weight
gain
Negative energy balance - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Energy intake is less than expenditure, leading to
weight loss
Basal metabolism (BMR) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Energy used to keep the body alive and functioning at
rest
Physical activity (PA) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Energy used for body movement
Thermic effect of food (TEF) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Energy used to digest, absorb, and process
nutrients
Thermogenesis - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Production of heat in the body
Factors affecting BMR - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Age, body composition, gender, illness, pregnancy,
environment, genetics
Factors affecting TEF - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Food type, energy intake, macronutrients, body
composition
Factors affecting physical activity energy use - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Frequency, intensity, duration,
type, body weight
, Direct calorimetry - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Measures heat released by the body
Indirect calorimetry - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Measures oxygen use to estimate energy expenditure
Estimated energy expenditure - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Based on height, weight, age, and activity level
Hunger - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Physiological need for food
Satiety - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Feeling of fullness after eating
Appetite - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Desire to eat based on non-physiological factors
Physiological regulators of intake - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Hormones, GI tract, brain (hypothalamus),
blood glucose
Non-physiological regulators (appetite) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Social, emotional, cultural, habits, food
appeal, portion size
Obesity - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Excess body fat accumulation, often defined by BMI
Causes of obesity - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Genetics, environment, internal and external factors
Health risks of obesity - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Heart disease, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, stroke,
cancer
BMI (Body Mass Index) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Weight (kg) / height (m²)
BMI categories - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Underweight — <18.5
Healthy — 18.5-24.9
Energy balance - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅The relationship between energy intake and energy
expenditure
Energy equilibrium - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅When calories consumed equal calories expended
Positive energy balance - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Energy intake exceeds expenditure, leading to weight
gain
Negative energy balance - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Energy intake is less than expenditure, leading to
weight loss
Basal metabolism (BMR) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Energy used to keep the body alive and functioning at
rest
Physical activity (PA) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Energy used for body movement
Thermic effect of food (TEF) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Energy used to digest, absorb, and process
nutrients
Thermogenesis - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Production of heat in the body
Factors affecting BMR - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Age, body composition, gender, illness, pregnancy,
environment, genetics
Factors affecting TEF - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Food type, energy intake, macronutrients, body
composition
Factors affecting physical activity energy use - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Frequency, intensity, duration,
type, body weight
, Direct calorimetry - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Measures heat released by the body
Indirect calorimetry - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Measures oxygen use to estimate energy expenditure
Estimated energy expenditure - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Based on height, weight, age, and activity level
Hunger - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Physiological need for food
Satiety - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Feeling of fullness after eating
Appetite - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Desire to eat based on non-physiological factors
Physiological regulators of intake - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Hormones, GI tract, brain (hypothalamus),
blood glucose
Non-physiological regulators (appetite) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Social, emotional, cultural, habits, food
appeal, portion size
Obesity - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Excess body fat accumulation, often defined by BMI
Causes of obesity - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Genetics, environment, internal and external factors
Health risks of obesity - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Heart disease, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, stroke,
cancer
BMI (Body Mass Index) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Weight (kg) / height (m²)
BMI categories - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Underweight — <18.5
Healthy — 18.5-24.9
