NUT 444 EXAM 2 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
What are characteristics of cancer cachexia? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Unintentional weight loss, muscle
wasting, anorexia, fatigue, inflammation, metabolic changes.
Where does fat accumulate in HIV-associated lipodystrophy? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Central/visceral
regions, dorsocervical fat pad, abdomen, and sometimes the breasts.
What are common side effects of HIV medications related to lipodystrophy? - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅Insulin resistance, elevated triglycerides, elevated cholesterol, fat redistribution,
lipoatrophy.
What are the costs and benefits of testosterone or human growth hormone in HIV patients? - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅Benefits: increased lean body mass, improved strength; Costs: risk of liver toxicity, insulin
resistance, edema, cost.
What foods are allowed on neutropenic diets? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Allowed: cooked foods,
pasteurized dairy, washed produce.
What foods are not allowed on neutropenic diets? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Not allowed: raw
fruits/vegetables, raw sprouts, unpasteurized dairy, undercooked meats.
How does HIV affect immune cells? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅HIV destroys CD4+ T-cells, weakening
immunity and increasing infection risk.
What is MNT for HIV/Cancer regarding protein and calories? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅High-protein (1.2-
2 g/kg) and high-calorie (30-35 kcal/kg) diet to maintain weight and muscle mass.
What is the National Dysphagia Diet/IDDSI? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Standardized framework classifying
food and liquid textures to ensure safe swallowing.
What are the types of dysphagia? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Oropharyngeal (difficulty initiating swallow),
Esophageal (difficulty transporting bolus through esophagus).
, What are nutrition/lifestyle interventions for GERD? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Small frequent meals,
avoid late-night meals, elevate head of bed, weight management, avoid trigger foods.
What foods affect the lower esophageal sphincter (LES)? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Peppermint,
chocolate, high-fat foods, caffeine, alcohol, acidic foods, onions, tomato products.
What are the nutritional consequences of PPIs? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Increased risk of vitamin B12,
magnesium, calcium deficiencies due to decreased acid production.
What is gastritis? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Inflammation of the stomach lining, often caused by H. pylori,
NSAIDs, alcohol, stress.
What are peptic ulcers? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Open sores in the stomach or duodenum lining,
commonly due to H. pylori infection or NSAIDs.
What is MNT for peptic ulcer disease? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Avoid foods that irritate mucosa, small
frequent meals, adequate protein, balanced diet.
What are the nutritional consequences of medications like PPIs? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Risk of
deficiencies in vitamin B12, magnesium, calcium; may affect iron absorption.
What are the nutritional effects post-gastrectomy? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Reduced food intake,
dumping syndrome, malabsorption of iron, calcium, vitamin B12, fat.
Which nutrients are malabsorbed after gastrectomy? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Iron, calcium, vitamin
B12.
What is dumping syndrome? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Rapid gastric emptying causing nausea, diarrhea,
dizziness, and hypoglycemia after meals.
What are characteristics of cancer cachexia? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Unintentional weight loss, muscle
wasting, anorexia, fatigue, inflammation, metabolic changes.
Where does fat accumulate in HIV-associated lipodystrophy? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Central/visceral
regions, dorsocervical fat pad, abdomen, and sometimes the breasts.
What are common side effects of HIV medications related to lipodystrophy? - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅Insulin resistance, elevated triglycerides, elevated cholesterol, fat redistribution,
lipoatrophy.
What are the costs and benefits of testosterone or human growth hormone in HIV patients? - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅Benefits: increased lean body mass, improved strength; Costs: risk of liver toxicity, insulin
resistance, edema, cost.
What foods are allowed on neutropenic diets? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Allowed: cooked foods,
pasteurized dairy, washed produce.
What foods are not allowed on neutropenic diets? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Not allowed: raw
fruits/vegetables, raw sprouts, unpasteurized dairy, undercooked meats.
How does HIV affect immune cells? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅HIV destroys CD4+ T-cells, weakening
immunity and increasing infection risk.
What is MNT for HIV/Cancer regarding protein and calories? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅High-protein (1.2-
2 g/kg) and high-calorie (30-35 kcal/kg) diet to maintain weight and muscle mass.
What is the National Dysphagia Diet/IDDSI? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Standardized framework classifying
food and liquid textures to ensure safe swallowing.
What are the types of dysphagia? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Oropharyngeal (difficulty initiating swallow),
Esophageal (difficulty transporting bolus through esophagus).
, What are nutrition/lifestyle interventions for GERD? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Small frequent meals,
avoid late-night meals, elevate head of bed, weight management, avoid trigger foods.
What foods affect the lower esophageal sphincter (LES)? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Peppermint,
chocolate, high-fat foods, caffeine, alcohol, acidic foods, onions, tomato products.
What are the nutritional consequences of PPIs? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Increased risk of vitamin B12,
magnesium, calcium deficiencies due to decreased acid production.
What is gastritis? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Inflammation of the stomach lining, often caused by H. pylori,
NSAIDs, alcohol, stress.
What are peptic ulcers? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Open sores in the stomach or duodenum lining,
commonly due to H. pylori infection or NSAIDs.
What is MNT for peptic ulcer disease? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Avoid foods that irritate mucosa, small
frequent meals, adequate protein, balanced diet.
What are the nutritional consequences of medications like PPIs? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Risk of
deficiencies in vitamin B12, magnesium, calcium; may affect iron absorption.
What are the nutritional effects post-gastrectomy? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Reduced food intake,
dumping syndrome, malabsorption of iron, calcium, vitamin B12, fat.
Which nutrients are malabsorbed after gastrectomy? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Iron, calcium, vitamin
B12.
What is dumping syndrome? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Rapid gastric emptying causing nausea, diarrhea,
dizziness, and hypoglycemia after meals.
