NBOME Clinical Learning Assessment (CBSE-
style exam) Questions With Correct Answers
(Verified Answers) Plus Rationales 2026 Q&A |
Instant Download Pdf
Question 1
A 65-year-old man with hypertension presents with sudden, severe
chest pain radiating to the back. Blood pressure is 180/100 mmHg in
the right arm and 150/90 mmHg in the left arm. What is the most likely
diagnosis?
A. Myocardial infarction
B. Pulmonary embolism
C. Aortic dissection
D. Pericarditis
Answer: C. Aortic dissection
Rationale: The sudden tearing chest pain radiating to the back plus
unequal blood pressures between arms strongly suggests aortic
dissection due to intimal tear and propagation of blood within the
aortic wall.
,Question 2
A patient presents with fever, cough, and rusty sputum. Which organism
is most likely?
A. Klebsiella pneumoniae
B. Streptococcus pneumoniae
C. Mycoplasma pneumoniae
D. Legionella pneumophila
Answer: B. Streptococcus pneumoniae
Rationale: Rust-colored sputum is classically associated with
Streptococcus pneumoniae due to alveolar hemorrhage and
inflammation.
Question 3
Which valve is most commonly affected in acute rheumatic fever?
A. Aortic valve
B. Tricuspid valve
C. Mitral valve
D. Pulmonic valve
Answer: C. Mitral valve
Rationale: The mitral valve is most frequently affected in rheumatic
,heart disease due to immune-mediated damage following Group A
Streptococcus infection.
Question 4
A 30-year-old man presents with tremor, weight loss, and heat
intolerance. Lab tests show low TSH and high T3/T4. What is the most
likely diagnosis?
A. Hypothyroidism
B. Graves disease
C. Hashimoto thyroiditis
D. Subacute thyroiditis
Answer: B. Graves disease
Rationale: Hyperthyroid symptoms with suppressed TSH and elevated
thyroid hormones indicate Graves disease, an autoimmune TSH
receptor-stimulating condition.
Question 5
Which electrolyte abnormality is most associated with peaked T waves
on ECG?
A. Hypocalcemia
B. Hyperkalemia
, C. Hypokalemia
D. Hypernatremia
Answer: B. Hyperkalemia
Rationale: Hyperkalemia causes characteristic peaked T waves due to
altered myocardial repolarization.
Question 6
A child presents with barking cough and inspiratory stridor. Most likely
diagnosis?
A. Epiglottitis
B. Croup
C. Asthma
D. Bronchiolitis
Answer: B. Croup
Rationale: Parainfluenza virus causes croup, characterized by barking
cough and stridor due to subglottic inflammation.
Question 7
Which vitamin deficiency causes night blindness?
A. Vitamin A
style exam) Questions With Correct Answers
(Verified Answers) Plus Rationales 2026 Q&A |
Instant Download Pdf
Question 1
A 65-year-old man with hypertension presents with sudden, severe
chest pain radiating to the back. Blood pressure is 180/100 mmHg in
the right arm and 150/90 mmHg in the left arm. What is the most likely
diagnosis?
A. Myocardial infarction
B. Pulmonary embolism
C. Aortic dissection
D. Pericarditis
Answer: C. Aortic dissection
Rationale: The sudden tearing chest pain radiating to the back plus
unequal blood pressures between arms strongly suggests aortic
dissection due to intimal tear and propagation of blood within the
aortic wall.
,Question 2
A patient presents with fever, cough, and rusty sputum. Which organism
is most likely?
A. Klebsiella pneumoniae
B. Streptococcus pneumoniae
C. Mycoplasma pneumoniae
D. Legionella pneumophila
Answer: B. Streptococcus pneumoniae
Rationale: Rust-colored sputum is classically associated with
Streptococcus pneumoniae due to alveolar hemorrhage and
inflammation.
Question 3
Which valve is most commonly affected in acute rheumatic fever?
A. Aortic valve
B. Tricuspid valve
C. Mitral valve
D. Pulmonic valve
Answer: C. Mitral valve
Rationale: The mitral valve is most frequently affected in rheumatic
,heart disease due to immune-mediated damage following Group A
Streptococcus infection.
Question 4
A 30-year-old man presents with tremor, weight loss, and heat
intolerance. Lab tests show low TSH and high T3/T4. What is the most
likely diagnosis?
A. Hypothyroidism
B. Graves disease
C. Hashimoto thyroiditis
D. Subacute thyroiditis
Answer: B. Graves disease
Rationale: Hyperthyroid symptoms with suppressed TSH and elevated
thyroid hormones indicate Graves disease, an autoimmune TSH
receptor-stimulating condition.
Question 5
Which electrolyte abnormality is most associated with peaked T waves
on ECG?
A. Hypocalcemia
B. Hyperkalemia
, C. Hypokalemia
D. Hypernatremia
Answer: B. Hyperkalemia
Rationale: Hyperkalemia causes characteristic peaked T waves due to
altered myocardial repolarization.
Question 6
A child presents with barking cough and inspiratory stridor. Most likely
diagnosis?
A. Epiglottitis
B. Croup
C. Asthma
D. Bronchiolitis
Answer: B. Croup
Rationale: Parainfluenza virus causes croup, characterized by barking
cough and stridor due to subglottic inflammation.
Question 7
Which vitamin deficiency causes night blindness?
A. Vitamin A
