ELITE COMPREHENSIVE
THEORIES AND THERAPIES IN PSYCHIATRIC–
MENTAL HEALTH NURSING
Comprehensive Foundations of Psychodynamic,
Cognitive, Behavioral, Humanistic, and Biological
Therapies
HESI High-Yield Master Review
SPRING SEMESTER EXAMINATION MAY 2026
A nurse supports a parent for praising a child who behaves in helpful ways to others.
When this child behaves with politeness and helpfulness in adulthood, which feeling will
most likely result?
a. Guilt
b. Anxiety
c. Humility
d. Self-esteem
• D
• The individual will be living up to the ego ideal, which will result in
positive feelings about self. The other options are incorrect because
each represents a negative feeling.
1|Page
,An adult says, "I never know the answers," and "My opinion does not count." Which
psychosocial crisis was unsuccessfully resolved for this adult?
a. Initiative versus guilt
b. Trust versus mistrust
c. Autonomy versus shame and doubt
d. Generativity versus self-absorption
• C
• These statements show severe self-doubt, indicating that the crisis of
gaining control over the environment was not met successfully.
Unsuccessful resolution of the crisis of initiative versus guilt results in
feelings of guilt. Unsuccessful resolution of the crisis of trust versus
mistrust results in poor interpersonal relationships and suspicion of
others. Unsuccessful resolution of the crisis of generativity versus
self-absorption results in self-absorption that limits the ability to grow
as a person.
Which statement by a patient would lead the nurse to suspect unsuccessful completion
of the psychosocial developmental task of infancy?
a. "I know how to do things right, so I prefer jobs where I work alone rather than on a
team."
b. "I do not allow other people to truly get to know me."
c. "I depend on frequent praise from others to feel good about myself."
d. "I usually need to do things several times before I get them right."
• B
• According to Erikson, the developmental task of infancy is the
development of trust. The correct response is the only statement
clearly showing lack of ability to trust others. An inability to work with
others, coupled with a sense of superiority, suggests unsuccessful
completion of the task of intimacy versus isolation. Relying on praise
from others suggests unsuccessful completion of the task of identity
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, versus role confusion. Shame suggests failure to resolve the crisis of
initiative versus guilt.
A patient is suspicious and frequently manipulates others. To which psychosexual stage
do these traits relate?
a. Oral
b. Anal
c. Phallic
d. Genital
• A
• The behaviors in the stem develop as the result of attitudes formed
during the oral stage, when an infant first learns to relate to the
environment. Anal-stage traits include stinginess, stubbornness,
orderliness, or their opposites. Phallic-stage traits include
flirtatiousness, pride, vanity, difficulty with authority figures, and
difficulties with sexual identity. Genital-stage traits include the ability
to form satisfying sexual and emotional relationships with members of
the opposite sex, emancipation from parents, a strong sense of
personal identity, or the opposites of these traits.
A patient expresses a desire to be cared for by others and often behaves in a helpless
fashion. Which stage of psychosexual development is most relevant to the patient's
needs?
a. Latency
b. Phallic
c. Anal
d. Oral
• D
3|Page
THEORIES AND THERAPIES IN PSYCHIATRIC–
MENTAL HEALTH NURSING
Comprehensive Foundations of Psychodynamic,
Cognitive, Behavioral, Humanistic, and Biological
Therapies
HESI High-Yield Master Review
SPRING SEMESTER EXAMINATION MAY 2026
A nurse supports a parent for praising a child who behaves in helpful ways to others.
When this child behaves with politeness and helpfulness in adulthood, which feeling will
most likely result?
a. Guilt
b. Anxiety
c. Humility
d. Self-esteem
• D
• The individual will be living up to the ego ideal, which will result in
positive feelings about self. The other options are incorrect because
each represents a negative feeling.
1|Page
,An adult says, "I never know the answers," and "My opinion does not count." Which
psychosocial crisis was unsuccessfully resolved for this adult?
a. Initiative versus guilt
b. Trust versus mistrust
c. Autonomy versus shame and doubt
d. Generativity versus self-absorption
• C
• These statements show severe self-doubt, indicating that the crisis of
gaining control over the environment was not met successfully.
Unsuccessful resolution of the crisis of initiative versus guilt results in
feelings of guilt. Unsuccessful resolution of the crisis of trust versus
mistrust results in poor interpersonal relationships and suspicion of
others. Unsuccessful resolution of the crisis of generativity versus
self-absorption results in self-absorption that limits the ability to grow
as a person.
Which statement by a patient would lead the nurse to suspect unsuccessful completion
of the psychosocial developmental task of infancy?
a. "I know how to do things right, so I prefer jobs where I work alone rather than on a
team."
b. "I do not allow other people to truly get to know me."
c. "I depend on frequent praise from others to feel good about myself."
d. "I usually need to do things several times before I get them right."
• B
• According to Erikson, the developmental task of infancy is the
development of trust. The correct response is the only statement
clearly showing lack of ability to trust others. An inability to work with
others, coupled with a sense of superiority, suggests unsuccessful
completion of the task of intimacy versus isolation. Relying on praise
from others suggests unsuccessful completion of the task of identity
2|Page
, versus role confusion. Shame suggests failure to resolve the crisis of
initiative versus guilt.
A patient is suspicious and frequently manipulates others. To which psychosexual stage
do these traits relate?
a. Oral
b. Anal
c. Phallic
d. Genital
• A
• The behaviors in the stem develop as the result of attitudes formed
during the oral stage, when an infant first learns to relate to the
environment. Anal-stage traits include stinginess, stubbornness,
orderliness, or their opposites. Phallic-stage traits include
flirtatiousness, pride, vanity, difficulty with authority figures, and
difficulties with sexual identity. Genital-stage traits include the ability
to form satisfying sexual and emotional relationships with members of
the opposite sex, emancipation from parents, a strong sense of
personal identity, or the opposites of these traits.
A patient expresses a desire to be cared for by others and often behaves in a helpless
fashion. Which stage of psychosexual development is most relevant to the patient's
needs?
a. Latency
b. Phallic
c. Anal
d. Oral
• D
3|Page
