NU150 Pharmacology Exam 2: (Latest 2026/2027) Thyroid, Adrenal,
Antihistamines, Respiratory, Cardiovascular & Anticoagulants |
Q&A Grade A
Complete Review: Levothyroxine, Propylthiouracil, Prednisone, Antihistamines, Bronchodilators, Statins, Antihypertensives,
Anticoagulants, Drug Classes, Side Effects & Patient Teaching
SUBJECT SOURCE FORMAT
Pharmacology / NU 150 Galen Exam 2 Study Guide 2026/2027 Q&A Guide with Rationale
Q1
What should you do while taking antihistamines?
CORRECT ANSWER
Avoid alcohol, increase fluid intake, do not drive (due to sedation).
RATIONALE
• First‑generation antihistamines (diphenhydramine) cause significant sedation.
• Alcohol potentiates CNS depression.
• Monitor for anticholinergic effects: dry mouth, blurred vision, urinary retention.
Q2
What is levothyroxine (Synthroid) used for?
CORRECT ANSWER
Hypothyroidism, myxedema (adults), cretinism (children)
RATIONALE
• Levothyroxine is synthetic T4 (thyroid hormone replacement).
• Increases metabolic rate, T3 & T4 levels.
• Take on empty stomach 30‑60 minutes before breakfast.
, Q3
What are adverse reactions of levothyroxine?
CORRECT ANSWER
Tachycardia, hypertension, palpitations, thyroid storm, osteoporosis (long‑term overtreatment).
RATIONALE
• Monitor for signs of hyperthyroidism (overmedication).
• Cardiac effects are most concerning in older adults.
• Contraindicated in severe renal disease, recent MI.
Q4
What does propylthiouracil (PTU) do?
CORRECT ANSWER
Treats hyperthyroidism (Graves disease, thyrotoxicosis); decreases T3 & T4 levels.
RATIONALE
• Inhibits thyroid peroxidase and conversion of T4 to T3.
• Adverse effects: agranulocytosis, hepatotoxicity, rash, fever.
• Monitor for infection (sore throat, fever).
Q5
What is prednisone used for?
CORRECT ANSWER
Suppresses inflammation and immune system; treats skin conditions, allergic reactions, prevents organ
rejection.
RATIONALE
• Glucocorticoid (steroid) – powerful anti‑inflammatory.
• Side effects: Cushing's syndrome (moon face, buffalo hump), weight gain, hyperglycemia, osteoporosis.
• Do not stop abruptly (adrenal suppression).
Antihistamines, Respiratory, Cardiovascular & Anticoagulants |
Q&A Grade A
Complete Review: Levothyroxine, Propylthiouracil, Prednisone, Antihistamines, Bronchodilators, Statins, Antihypertensives,
Anticoagulants, Drug Classes, Side Effects & Patient Teaching
SUBJECT SOURCE FORMAT
Pharmacology / NU 150 Galen Exam 2 Study Guide 2026/2027 Q&A Guide with Rationale
Q1
What should you do while taking antihistamines?
CORRECT ANSWER
Avoid alcohol, increase fluid intake, do not drive (due to sedation).
RATIONALE
• First‑generation antihistamines (diphenhydramine) cause significant sedation.
• Alcohol potentiates CNS depression.
• Monitor for anticholinergic effects: dry mouth, blurred vision, urinary retention.
Q2
What is levothyroxine (Synthroid) used for?
CORRECT ANSWER
Hypothyroidism, myxedema (adults), cretinism (children)
RATIONALE
• Levothyroxine is synthetic T4 (thyroid hormone replacement).
• Increases metabolic rate, T3 & T4 levels.
• Take on empty stomach 30‑60 minutes before breakfast.
, Q3
What are adverse reactions of levothyroxine?
CORRECT ANSWER
Tachycardia, hypertension, palpitations, thyroid storm, osteoporosis (long‑term overtreatment).
RATIONALE
• Monitor for signs of hyperthyroidism (overmedication).
• Cardiac effects are most concerning in older adults.
• Contraindicated in severe renal disease, recent MI.
Q4
What does propylthiouracil (PTU) do?
CORRECT ANSWER
Treats hyperthyroidism (Graves disease, thyrotoxicosis); decreases T3 & T4 levels.
RATIONALE
• Inhibits thyroid peroxidase and conversion of T4 to T3.
• Adverse effects: agranulocytosis, hepatotoxicity, rash, fever.
• Monitor for infection (sore throat, fever).
Q5
What is prednisone used for?
CORRECT ANSWER
Suppresses inflammation and immune system; treats skin conditions, allergic reactions, prevents organ
rejection.
RATIONALE
• Glucocorticoid (steroid) – powerful anti‑inflammatory.
• Side effects: Cushing's syndrome (moon face, buffalo hump), weight gain, hyperglycemia, osteoporosis.
• Do not stop abruptly (adrenal suppression).
