CSD 340 Exam 1 – study guide and practice exam preparation material
Describe the focus of the functional language approach - ✔✔-The goal is better
communication that works in the child's natural communicative contexts
-Language is a social tool and is a dynamic process
-Needs to move beyond language itself to include better communication
-No longer view child as solely the problem
Traditional Language Approach - ✔✔-Tight structure
-Trainer oriented
-Child as passive learner
-Uses stimulus-response reinforcement
-Problems with generalization
-Focus on syntax/form
Functional Language Approach - ✔✔-Child has more control
-Decreased structure
-Attempts to mirror language-learning environment of typically developing children
-More natural
-Better with generalization
In the functional language approach, how are stimulus items (training targets) selected? How
are training cues used? - ✔✔-Base on needs and interests of each child within environments
-To increase effectiveness of child-initiated communication
-Make functional + useful to the child
Training cues: -should support initiation and response
, -Train through linguistic + nonlinguistic cues
How might structured, direct instructional approaches be used together with a more
conversational approach? - ✔✔-Could be used to gauge child's skill level, may be more helpful
for children with more severe LI
-Conversational when child is ready/begins to become robotic/predictable with responses
How does pragmatics operate in relation to other language features? - ✔✔-Relationship
between communicative partners + form and meaning of language being used
-Serves as the organizing framework of language
-encompasses other aspects
-emphasis allows child's language to be considered independently
What factors of communication context should be considered in a functional language
approach? - ✔✔-Should be natural and child driven
What is generalization? - ✔✔ongoing interactive process of with the communication inclines
and of their newly acquire language environment; Ex: teach a child to say dog in the presence of
the family dog, but not generalized until she spontaneously uses the word in the presence of
other dogs
What is content generalization? - ✔✔-Child with LI induces language rule from examples and
actual use
-Affected by targets chosen for training & by specific training items
-what of training
What is context generalization? - ✔✔-Child uses new feature within everyday communication
-Facilitated when training and natural environments are similar
-how of training
Describe the focus of the functional language approach - ✔✔-The goal is better
communication that works in the child's natural communicative contexts
-Language is a social tool and is a dynamic process
-Needs to move beyond language itself to include better communication
-No longer view child as solely the problem
Traditional Language Approach - ✔✔-Tight structure
-Trainer oriented
-Child as passive learner
-Uses stimulus-response reinforcement
-Problems with generalization
-Focus on syntax/form
Functional Language Approach - ✔✔-Child has more control
-Decreased structure
-Attempts to mirror language-learning environment of typically developing children
-More natural
-Better with generalization
In the functional language approach, how are stimulus items (training targets) selected? How
are training cues used? - ✔✔-Base on needs and interests of each child within environments
-To increase effectiveness of child-initiated communication
-Make functional + useful to the child
Training cues: -should support initiation and response
, -Train through linguistic + nonlinguistic cues
How might structured, direct instructional approaches be used together with a more
conversational approach? - ✔✔-Could be used to gauge child's skill level, may be more helpful
for children with more severe LI
-Conversational when child is ready/begins to become robotic/predictable with responses
How does pragmatics operate in relation to other language features? - ✔✔-Relationship
between communicative partners + form and meaning of language being used
-Serves as the organizing framework of language
-encompasses other aspects
-emphasis allows child's language to be considered independently
What factors of communication context should be considered in a functional language
approach? - ✔✔-Should be natural and child driven
What is generalization? - ✔✔ongoing interactive process of with the communication inclines
and of their newly acquire language environment; Ex: teach a child to say dog in the presence of
the family dog, but not generalized until she spontaneously uses the word in the presence of
other dogs
What is content generalization? - ✔✔-Child with LI induces language rule from examples and
actual use
-Affected by targets chosen for training & by specific training items
-what of training
What is context generalization? - ✔✔-Child uses new feature within everyday communication
-Facilitated when training and natural environments are similar
-how of training
