Intro to CSD Exam #1 – study guide and practice exam preparation material
communication disorder - ✔✔difficulty forming, transmitting, receiving, or comprehending
messages compared with others; variation within a linguistic community
stuttering - ✔✔flow of speech is broken by repetitions, prolongations, or abnormal stoppages
of sounds and syllables
causes of stuttering - ✔✔genetics, child development (children with other speech and
language problems more likely), neurophysiology (process speech and language differently),
family dynamics (high expectation/fast-paced lifestyle)
aphasia - ✔✔disorder that results from damage to the parts of the brain that control language;
problems with speaking, listening, reading and writing
causes of aphasia - ✔✔stroke, disease/damage to brain, traumatic brain injury, dementia,
illness, other progressive neurological disorder
down syndrome - ✔✔a congenital disorder that causes intellectual impairment and physical
abnormalities including short stature and a broad facial profile
cause of down syndrome - ✔✔occurs when an individual has a full or partial extra copy of
chromosome 21; additional genetic material alters the course of development
first-person language - ✔✔respectfully puts person before disorder (person who stutters/with
aphasia/with Down syndrome/with autism)
communication - ✔✔process of sharing information between 2 or more people
, 2 main players in communication - ✔✔sender & receiver
sender - ✔✔formulates and transmits message
receiver - ✔✔receive and comprehend message
4 main processes in communication - ✔✔formulation, transmission, reception, comprehension
formulation - ✔✔getting thoughts and ideas together
transmission - ✔✔conveying thoughts and ideas together
reception - ✔✔receiving information from another person
comprehension - ✔✔making sense of the information
3 components of communication - ✔✔language, speech, hearing
language - ✔✔the cognitive process of forming thoughts and ideas; socially shared code that
uses system of symbols (sounds & words) to represent ideas
speech - ✔✔neuromuscular process of turning language into a sound signal
hearing - ✔✔the perception of sounds/speech
3 domains of language - ✔✔content (semantics), form (syntax, morphology, phonology), use
communication disorder - ✔✔difficulty forming, transmitting, receiving, or comprehending
messages compared with others; variation within a linguistic community
stuttering - ✔✔flow of speech is broken by repetitions, prolongations, or abnormal stoppages
of sounds and syllables
causes of stuttering - ✔✔genetics, child development (children with other speech and
language problems more likely), neurophysiology (process speech and language differently),
family dynamics (high expectation/fast-paced lifestyle)
aphasia - ✔✔disorder that results from damage to the parts of the brain that control language;
problems with speaking, listening, reading and writing
causes of aphasia - ✔✔stroke, disease/damage to brain, traumatic brain injury, dementia,
illness, other progressive neurological disorder
down syndrome - ✔✔a congenital disorder that causes intellectual impairment and physical
abnormalities including short stature and a broad facial profile
cause of down syndrome - ✔✔occurs when an individual has a full or partial extra copy of
chromosome 21; additional genetic material alters the course of development
first-person language - ✔✔respectfully puts person before disorder (person who stutters/with
aphasia/with Down syndrome/with autism)
communication - ✔✔process of sharing information between 2 or more people
, 2 main players in communication - ✔✔sender & receiver
sender - ✔✔formulates and transmits message
receiver - ✔✔receive and comprehend message
4 main processes in communication - ✔✔formulation, transmission, reception, comprehension
formulation - ✔✔getting thoughts and ideas together
transmission - ✔✔conveying thoughts and ideas together
reception - ✔✔receiving information from another person
comprehension - ✔✔making sense of the information
3 components of communication - ✔✔language, speech, hearing
language - ✔✔the cognitive process of forming thoughts and ideas; socially shared code that
uses system of symbols (sounds & words) to represent ideas
speech - ✔✔neuromuscular process of turning language into a sound signal
hearing - ✔✔the perception of sounds/speech
3 domains of language - ✔✔content (semantics), form (syntax, morphology, phonology), use
