CSD 1080 Final Exam – comprehensive study guide and exam preparation
material
Give an example of semantic paraphasia and an example of phonemic paraphasia - ANS
✔✔semantic paraphasia: calling a bus a truck
phonemic paraphasia: saying /kus/ for bus
What is:
a. alexia
b. agraphia
c. anomia
d. agnosia - ANS ✔✔a. alexia = difficulty reading
b. agraphia = difficulty writing
c. anomia = difficulty naming
d. agnosia = difficulty understanding incoming sensory info
What are the two types of stroke? Describe them. - ANS ✔✔Ischemic stroke: caused by blood
clots that either are formed at an artery in the brain or travel from somewhere else to an artery
in the brain.
Hemorrhagic stroke: caused by ruptures of artery walls.
1. What is hemiplegia? hemiparesis?
2. If I say, "girl go school" instead of "the girl is going to school," I omit some grammatical
elements, which is called ___? - ANS ✔✔1. Hemiplegia = paralysis on one side of body
Hemiparesis = weakness on one side of body
2. Agrammatism
,What are the primary features of:
Broca's aphasia
Wernicke's aphasia
Transcortical sensory aphasia
Transcortical motor aphasia
Subcortical aphasia - ANS ✔✔Broca's aphasia = telegraphic, slow, effortful speech; relatively
good auditory comprehension
Wernicke's aphasia = fluent speech but filled with jargon and neologism, impaired auditory
comprehension
Transcortical sensory aphasia = similar to Wernicke's but repetition is intact
Transcortical motor aphasia = similar to Broca's but repetition is intact
Subcortical aphasia = cognitive deficits more than language
What are some areas that SLPs would address when working with people with TBI? - ANS
✔✔Cognition including memory, attention, orientation, reasoning, problem solving, and
planning.
Language including comprehension, expression, and especially pragmatics.
Speech as in dysarthria
Dysphagia
Give an example of deficit that people with TBI may have in each of these areas:
- Physical
- Cognitive
- Language
- Behavioral and emotional - ANS ✔✔Physical: paralysis, paresis
Cognitive: problem solving, memory, attention, reasoning, planning deficits
Language: anomia, auditory comprehension deficits, pragmatics
,Behavioral n emotional: mood swings, impulsivity, anxiety, depression,
What is dementia? What are the two types of dementia? What type of dementia is Alzheimer's
disease? - ANS ✔✔An acquired impairment of intellect and cognition due to neurogenic causes
Cortical and subcortical
Alzheimer's disease is a cortical dementia
Which statement is correct?
a. Dementia is an acquired language disorder.
b. In Alzheimer's disease, short-term memory is relatively intact.
c. In dementia, the deficit in memory leads to deficit in language.
d. People with dementia do not need services from SLPs.
TBI and Dementia 400 - ANS ✔✔FIND ANSWER
How is dementia different from aphasia?
In terms of damage, how is TBI different from aphasia? - ANS ✔✔Dementia is degenerative
whereas aphasia is not. Dementia is an impairment in intellect and cognition whereas aphasia is
a language disorder.
Damage in TBI is diffused whereas damage in aphasia tends to be focal.
How many types of cerebral palsy are there? Name them. - ANS ✔✔Spastic, athetoid, ataxic
What are some characteristics of apraxia of speech? - ANS ✔✔- groping for correct placement
- inconsistent errors
- patient is aware and make multiple attempts to correct the error
- lots of substitution and omission errors
, Compare and contrast flaccid and spastic dysarthria. - ANS ✔✔Flaccid dysarthria: LMN,weak
muscle tone, breathy voice
Spastic dysarthria: UMN, stiff muscle tone, harsh, strained voice
Compare and contrast hypokinetic and hyperkinetic dysarthria. - ANS ✔✔FIND ANSWER
How is dysarthria different from apraxia of speech? - ANS ✔✔Dysarthria is a disorder of motor
speech control. There is paralysis, muscle weakness, reduced range of motion.
Apraxia of speech is a disorder of motor speech planning and coordination. There is no
paralysis, weakness, or reduced range of motion.
What are the two general types of AAC? Give an example of each. - ANS ✔✔Unaided - no need
of equipment, use your own body
Aided - need equipment
Who can benefit from an AAC device? - ANS ✔✔Individuals with congenital disabilities (Cerebral
palsy, autism)
Individuals with acquired disabilities (ALS, severe aphasia, TBI)
Individuals who are temporarily unable to speak (Tracheotomy, Guillan Barre syndrome)
What are examples of direct selection method for AAC? - ANS ✔✔head pointer, pointing with
finger, pointing with foot, pointing with eyes
What is scanning? - ANS ✔✔It's a method of selection in AAC. In scanning, items are
"highlighted" and the communicator signals to select desired item
What are the four areas that SLP need to consider when assessing someone who might need an
AAC system? What does each mean? - ANS ✔✔Linguistic competence
Operational competence
material
Give an example of semantic paraphasia and an example of phonemic paraphasia - ANS
✔✔semantic paraphasia: calling a bus a truck
phonemic paraphasia: saying /kus/ for bus
What is:
a. alexia
b. agraphia
c. anomia
d. agnosia - ANS ✔✔a. alexia = difficulty reading
b. agraphia = difficulty writing
c. anomia = difficulty naming
d. agnosia = difficulty understanding incoming sensory info
What are the two types of stroke? Describe them. - ANS ✔✔Ischemic stroke: caused by blood
clots that either are formed at an artery in the brain or travel from somewhere else to an artery
in the brain.
Hemorrhagic stroke: caused by ruptures of artery walls.
1. What is hemiplegia? hemiparesis?
2. If I say, "girl go school" instead of "the girl is going to school," I omit some grammatical
elements, which is called ___? - ANS ✔✔1. Hemiplegia = paralysis on one side of body
Hemiparesis = weakness on one side of body
2. Agrammatism
,What are the primary features of:
Broca's aphasia
Wernicke's aphasia
Transcortical sensory aphasia
Transcortical motor aphasia
Subcortical aphasia - ANS ✔✔Broca's aphasia = telegraphic, slow, effortful speech; relatively
good auditory comprehension
Wernicke's aphasia = fluent speech but filled with jargon and neologism, impaired auditory
comprehension
Transcortical sensory aphasia = similar to Wernicke's but repetition is intact
Transcortical motor aphasia = similar to Broca's but repetition is intact
Subcortical aphasia = cognitive deficits more than language
What are some areas that SLPs would address when working with people with TBI? - ANS
✔✔Cognition including memory, attention, orientation, reasoning, problem solving, and
planning.
Language including comprehension, expression, and especially pragmatics.
Speech as in dysarthria
Dysphagia
Give an example of deficit that people with TBI may have in each of these areas:
- Physical
- Cognitive
- Language
- Behavioral and emotional - ANS ✔✔Physical: paralysis, paresis
Cognitive: problem solving, memory, attention, reasoning, planning deficits
Language: anomia, auditory comprehension deficits, pragmatics
,Behavioral n emotional: mood swings, impulsivity, anxiety, depression,
What is dementia? What are the two types of dementia? What type of dementia is Alzheimer's
disease? - ANS ✔✔An acquired impairment of intellect and cognition due to neurogenic causes
Cortical and subcortical
Alzheimer's disease is a cortical dementia
Which statement is correct?
a. Dementia is an acquired language disorder.
b. In Alzheimer's disease, short-term memory is relatively intact.
c. In dementia, the deficit in memory leads to deficit in language.
d. People with dementia do not need services from SLPs.
TBI and Dementia 400 - ANS ✔✔FIND ANSWER
How is dementia different from aphasia?
In terms of damage, how is TBI different from aphasia? - ANS ✔✔Dementia is degenerative
whereas aphasia is not. Dementia is an impairment in intellect and cognition whereas aphasia is
a language disorder.
Damage in TBI is diffused whereas damage in aphasia tends to be focal.
How many types of cerebral palsy are there? Name them. - ANS ✔✔Spastic, athetoid, ataxic
What are some characteristics of apraxia of speech? - ANS ✔✔- groping for correct placement
- inconsistent errors
- patient is aware and make multiple attempts to correct the error
- lots of substitution and omission errors
, Compare and contrast flaccid and spastic dysarthria. - ANS ✔✔Flaccid dysarthria: LMN,weak
muscle tone, breathy voice
Spastic dysarthria: UMN, stiff muscle tone, harsh, strained voice
Compare and contrast hypokinetic and hyperkinetic dysarthria. - ANS ✔✔FIND ANSWER
How is dysarthria different from apraxia of speech? - ANS ✔✔Dysarthria is a disorder of motor
speech control. There is paralysis, muscle weakness, reduced range of motion.
Apraxia of speech is a disorder of motor speech planning and coordination. There is no
paralysis, weakness, or reduced range of motion.
What are the two general types of AAC? Give an example of each. - ANS ✔✔Unaided - no need
of equipment, use your own body
Aided - need equipment
Who can benefit from an AAC device? - ANS ✔✔Individuals with congenital disabilities (Cerebral
palsy, autism)
Individuals with acquired disabilities (ALS, severe aphasia, TBI)
Individuals who are temporarily unable to speak (Tracheotomy, Guillan Barre syndrome)
What are examples of direct selection method for AAC? - ANS ✔✔head pointer, pointing with
finger, pointing with foot, pointing with eyes
What is scanning? - ANS ✔✔It's a method of selection in AAC. In scanning, items are
"highlighted" and the communicator signals to select desired item
What are the four areas that SLP need to consider when assessing someone who might need an
AAC system? What does each mean? - ANS ✔✔Linguistic competence
Operational competence
