CSD 303 Exam 1 Study Guide – comprehensive revision notes and exam
preparation material
pressure - correct answer ✔✔sound travels as _______ fluctuations
elastic, compression, rarefaction - correct answer ✔✔acoustic medium is _____, which allows
particles to crowd together and move apart:
_________ = region in a longitudinal wave where the particles are closest together
__________ = region in a longitudinal wave where particles are further apart than they would
be at atmospheric pressure
no, sine, constant - correct answer ✔✔are all waves periodic?
_______ waves = another name for simple periodic waves = periodic oscillations of _______
amplitude
frequency, amplitude, phase, period - correct answer ✔✔3 properties needed to define a sine
wave:
1) _____________ = how many cycles a wave completes per unit time (how fast)
2) ____________ = peak deviation of a pressure fluctuation from normal atmospheric pressure
(how big)
3) _______ = timing of the waveform relative to some reference point (when/with what delay?)
*note: the __________ = the duration of one cycle or the time it takes for a wave to complete
one cycle
,greatest common denominator - correct answer ✔✔how do you find the fundamental
frequency of a complex periodic wave (one composed of at least 2 sine waves)?
Find the ____________
100 Hz - correct answer ✔✔If a complex wave has 400 Hz and 500 Hz components, what's the
fundamental frequency?
frequency, amplitude - correct answer ✔✔a power spectrum plots ___________ on the x-axis
and ____________ on the y-axis
Fourier, frequency - correct answer ✔✔____________'s theorem = says any complex wave can
be decomposed into a set of sine waves having particular frequencies, amplitudes, and phase
relations
(_______ analysis of a complex wave yields a power spectrum of its components)
*replaces time on the x-axis with ________ to display components)
flat, equal - correct answer ✔✔what does the power spectrum look like for white noise?
a relatively ______ spectrum, because white noise has nearly ______ amplitude for all possible
frequency components
aperiodic, white noise, transient, impulse - correct answer ✔✔________ waves = those with
random waveform or a non-repeating pattern
example: /f/ or /θ/ sound (fricatives = made by turbulent airflows)
examples:
, 1) _______________ = sound characterized by random pressure fluctuations
2) ____________ = bursts which produce sudden pressure fluctuations that aren't sustained or
repeated over time (ex: door slam, balloon pop, etc.)
a.k.a a(n) ________________ = energy only at one point in time
sudden peak in amplitude at one point in time, perfectly straight horizontal line at a single
amplitude - correct answer ✔✔What does the waveform of a transient signal (impulse) look
like?
The power spectrum?
f = 1/T - correct answer ✔✔What's the equation for frequency, given the period of a wave?
low-pass, high-pass, band-pass, band-stop, pass, reject, bandwidth, center - correct answer
✔✔types of acoustic filters:
1) ____________ filter = passes or blocks high frequency components of a wave, and lets low
frequency components through
2) _____________ filter = allows high frequency components through
3) __________ filter = most common in the real world; has two cutoff frequencies that allow a
specific range of frequencies through
4) _______ filter = has a range of frequencies that are purposely blocked
_______ band = frequency band allowed by a filter
________ band = frequency range blocked by a filter
preparation material
pressure - correct answer ✔✔sound travels as _______ fluctuations
elastic, compression, rarefaction - correct answer ✔✔acoustic medium is _____, which allows
particles to crowd together and move apart:
_________ = region in a longitudinal wave where the particles are closest together
__________ = region in a longitudinal wave where particles are further apart than they would
be at atmospheric pressure
no, sine, constant - correct answer ✔✔are all waves periodic?
_______ waves = another name for simple periodic waves = periodic oscillations of _______
amplitude
frequency, amplitude, phase, period - correct answer ✔✔3 properties needed to define a sine
wave:
1) _____________ = how many cycles a wave completes per unit time (how fast)
2) ____________ = peak deviation of a pressure fluctuation from normal atmospheric pressure
(how big)
3) _______ = timing of the waveform relative to some reference point (when/with what delay?)
*note: the __________ = the duration of one cycle or the time it takes for a wave to complete
one cycle
,greatest common denominator - correct answer ✔✔how do you find the fundamental
frequency of a complex periodic wave (one composed of at least 2 sine waves)?
Find the ____________
100 Hz - correct answer ✔✔If a complex wave has 400 Hz and 500 Hz components, what's the
fundamental frequency?
frequency, amplitude - correct answer ✔✔a power spectrum plots ___________ on the x-axis
and ____________ on the y-axis
Fourier, frequency - correct answer ✔✔____________'s theorem = says any complex wave can
be decomposed into a set of sine waves having particular frequencies, amplitudes, and phase
relations
(_______ analysis of a complex wave yields a power spectrum of its components)
*replaces time on the x-axis with ________ to display components)
flat, equal - correct answer ✔✔what does the power spectrum look like for white noise?
a relatively ______ spectrum, because white noise has nearly ______ amplitude for all possible
frequency components
aperiodic, white noise, transient, impulse - correct answer ✔✔________ waves = those with
random waveform or a non-repeating pattern
example: /f/ or /θ/ sound (fricatives = made by turbulent airflows)
examples:
, 1) _______________ = sound characterized by random pressure fluctuations
2) ____________ = bursts which produce sudden pressure fluctuations that aren't sustained or
repeated over time (ex: door slam, balloon pop, etc.)
a.k.a a(n) ________________ = energy only at one point in time
sudden peak in amplitude at one point in time, perfectly straight horizontal line at a single
amplitude - correct answer ✔✔What does the waveform of a transient signal (impulse) look
like?
The power spectrum?
f = 1/T - correct answer ✔✔What's the equation for frequency, given the period of a wave?
low-pass, high-pass, band-pass, band-stop, pass, reject, bandwidth, center - correct answer
✔✔types of acoustic filters:
1) ____________ filter = passes or blocks high frequency components of a wave, and lets low
frequency components through
2) _____________ filter = allows high frequency components through
3) __________ filter = most common in the real world; has two cutoff frequencies that allow a
specific range of frequencies through
4) _______ filter = has a range of frequencies that are purposely blocked
_______ band = frequency band allowed by a filter
________ band = frequency range blocked by a filter
