Lec 12 :
Urinary System 1
Organs of UrinarySystem
structures
wedge shaped
(d)
っ
〜
〜 that house correcting
filtered product
ducts
↳
gather ,
even consists of tubules that
transport wine from the certical
to
caryces :
cup-shaped
anuipesbefve
umeter
~
lopointor each
ispapille
oujeetsomtocaya
basin-shaped cavity that
gathers collecting
w
the
wine from ducts , acting
as a Central reservoir
outer shell packed wh
many nephwns
Filter maste products
(urea + creative
through rephins also regullies isP and
,
balance essential minerals wrive product -
ns
muscularrubes that convect kidneys to the
unidirectional Prow through
-bladder , peristels is
〜
↳
kidney stones/infections am obstruct
crelers ->
par/impaired plow
> musuller Pexible resenoir, nold 100-500
,
ml
allowing as to
an-
of whe , mants continence
〜
sevel release wrine at appropriate time
varow , muscular tube Bor blad er rase , final consult for
urive expulsion .
↳ carries semen
during ejaculation
一
, Function at
Kidneys
function : synthesize essential substances
synthetic many
Erythropoietin production
:
humane in RBC
-
Calcitriol /ca2-absorption bone health)
active WED
-
: +
-
Renin : regulate BP by influencing renin-angiotension-
aldosterone system
·
filtration of blood : master filters ,
remove magies/excesses lingested toxins
-
Urea :
by product of protein metabolism
-creative : waste of muscle breakdown
-
Uris did : product of
purine metabolism
Bilimbin breakdown
productof hemoglobin
- :
Water + Electrolyle Regulation :
reabsory/excrete water based on body's needs and
electrolyse levels support nert function , muscle contraction , and homeostasis
Arterial Blood Pressure :
adjust blood volume
by controlling reabsorption
·
water
↳
Rehin initiates a cascade that affects vo Iva
+
Pluisbalance
·
Hoid-Base Balance : excreleexcess carbonic anid/ammania
The Nephron
juxtamedullary Nephron :
15 %, reside closer to medulla
,
whe in crime
concentration
Lacticalmephnes
kid
:
predominantly Located in outer coree o Th a
↳
must abundant
has renal renal
a
corpuscle - tube
·
Renal tubules :
proxinal convoluledtubule : reabserbs essential substiices
-
like amimodeids , and electrolytes
glucose ,
-
Loop of Heale : descends into medulla :
concentrating
the filtrate
-
Distal Convolute tubule : Fine-tures electrolyve
balance and acid base regulation
Collecting Duct gathers :
concentrated wine +
-
delivers it to the renal pelvis
, Renal corpuscle Kidney's : initial filter station
glomeris : toughed ball of capitaries where blood enters replies
-
Bowman's capsule
cup-shaped structure that surrounds glomerulus
-
:
↳ blood
plasma is meticulously sieved separating valuable substances from ,
wasse
products
Renal corpusate
cluster of
capillances
·
delicate , cup-shaped ← ( woven together
,
structure that cradle enveloped by
the podocytes
glomerulus, ↳ heart of
filtrating
entirely encloses the where blood
components
glomenles are sieved
↳ inside the initial
separating
valuable nasue
filtration of blood
plasma our
.
mnw
Glomenlar Filtration : phenomenon where water + certain solutes in
blood
plasma more from capillaries of
gramming into capsular space
1 .
Preparation
-
Blood enters glomerulus : blood travels
through the afferent
arteriole ,
a wide vessel leading to
glomerulus Metwork of
tiny capillances
within the reval corpuse)
2
2 Filtrtin
pressure pushes plasma out : ↑ pressure
gromemius capsular
-
in vs
space , water small sources (glucose Naste) squeeze turn the
Piltretion barres
-
filtration barrier : 3
layers , edituaial cells (perestited),
basement membrars , +
podocytes
↳
allows small molecules + water to ( < 3 m) but restricts
pass ,
RBC and
large propens
filture arms : FilteredGid collects in
capsular space around guomenlys
-
.
3 Renoval
Blood exits
-
glomemnis :
trmn varran efferent artenity
Filtrate moves flows into renal tube for further
on :
processing
-
, Net Filtration Pressure :
represents the overall
pressure that either
supports
a
opposes filtration
·
Hydrostatic Pressure :
pressure Romfluid (blood) within the glomeras
promote
Colloid osmotic Pressure : arises from Calbumin) in blood
proteins
-
oppose
↳
helps retain fluid in capillaries
repose Capsular Hydrostatic Pressure : the pressure inside Bowman's capsule due to
-
the accumulating filtrate
A NFP is determined inot promets fitfuntion prom those that
by subtracting the forces
hinder ita
NFD =
GHP-(GCOP + CHP)
* Glowencular fillation occurs when GMP surpasses &
apposing onces
↳ capillares have i pressure Rom blood into the
than
capsule ,
weving
glomerular capsule
Filtration Membrane
1
Felestarted evicothelium : inhibits filtration of RBC +
platelets
↳ allow smaller stupf tapass (water ims nutrients
, ,
2 . Basement Membrane :
protective ge) layer composed of proteoglycans
,
+
collagen
fibers
large proteins (albumin) from passing
to hinder
3 Filtration slirblu
pedicels from foot processes of podocyps that envelope capopillances
:
.
exhibit negative
↳
change to
repel large anious
↳
prevents piltratio of medium-sized
pooters
Parts of the Filtule enitrogenous nable can pass
as um to
allows volecules w/ Size can
pass eler capsular space
·
> 5 um cannot
pass
Nitrogenous waste :
NW)
breakdown 150 % of
- urea : by product of protein
-
Ammonia : a toxic substance converted to crea in liver
Urinary System 1
Organs of UrinarySystem
structures
wedge shaped
(d)
っ
〜
〜 that house correcting
filtered product
ducts
↳
gather ,
even consists of tubules that
transport wine from the certical
to
caryces :
cup-shaped
anuipesbefve
umeter
~
lopointor each
ispapille
oujeetsomtocaya
basin-shaped cavity that
gathers collecting
w
the
wine from ducts , acting
as a Central reservoir
outer shell packed wh
many nephwns
Filter maste products
(urea + creative
through rephins also regullies isP and
,
balance essential minerals wrive product -
ns
muscularrubes that convect kidneys to the
unidirectional Prow through
-bladder , peristels is
〜
↳
kidney stones/infections am obstruct
crelers ->
par/impaired plow
> musuller Pexible resenoir, nold 100-500
,
ml
allowing as to
an-
of whe , mants continence
〜
sevel release wrine at appropriate time
varow , muscular tube Bor blad er rase , final consult for
urive expulsion .
↳ carries semen
during ejaculation
一
, Function at
Kidneys
function : synthesize essential substances
synthetic many
Erythropoietin production
:
humane in RBC
-
Calcitriol /ca2-absorption bone health)
active WED
-
: +
-
Renin : regulate BP by influencing renin-angiotension-
aldosterone system
·
filtration of blood : master filters ,
remove magies/excesses lingested toxins
-
Urea :
by product of protein metabolism
-creative : waste of muscle breakdown
-
Uris did : product of
purine metabolism
Bilimbin breakdown
productof hemoglobin
- :
Water + Electrolyle Regulation :
reabsory/excrete water based on body's needs and
electrolyse levels support nert function , muscle contraction , and homeostasis
Arterial Blood Pressure :
adjust blood volume
by controlling reabsorption
·
water
↳
Rehin initiates a cascade that affects vo Iva
+
Pluisbalance
·
Hoid-Base Balance : excreleexcess carbonic anid/ammania
The Nephron
juxtamedullary Nephron :
15 %, reside closer to medulla
,
whe in crime
concentration
Lacticalmephnes
kid
:
predominantly Located in outer coree o Th a
↳
must abundant
has renal renal
a
corpuscle - tube
·
Renal tubules :
proxinal convoluledtubule : reabserbs essential substiices
-
like amimodeids , and electrolytes
glucose ,
-
Loop of Heale : descends into medulla :
concentrating
the filtrate
-
Distal Convolute tubule : Fine-tures electrolyve
balance and acid base regulation
Collecting Duct gathers :
concentrated wine +
-
delivers it to the renal pelvis
, Renal corpuscle Kidney's : initial filter station
glomeris : toughed ball of capitaries where blood enters replies
-
Bowman's capsule
cup-shaped structure that surrounds glomerulus
-
:
↳ blood
plasma is meticulously sieved separating valuable substances from ,
wasse
products
Renal corpusate
cluster of
capillances
·
delicate , cup-shaped ← ( woven together
,
structure that cradle enveloped by
the podocytes
glomerulus, ↳ heart of
filtrating
entirely encloses the where blood
components
glomenles are sieved
↳ inside the initial
separating
valuable nasue
filtration of blood
plasma our
.
mnw
Glomenlar Filtration : phenomenon where water + certain solutes in
blood
plasma more from capillaries of
gramming into capsular space
1 .
Preparation
-
Blood enters glomerulus : blood travels
through the afferent
arteriole ,
a wide vessel leading to
glomerulus Metwork of
tiny capillances
within the reval corpuse)
2
2 Filtrtin
pressure pushes plasma out : ↑ pressure
gromemius capsular
-
in vs
space , water small sources (glucose Naste) squeeze turn the
Piltretion barres
-
filtration barrier : 3
layers , edituaial cells (perestited),
basement membrars , +
podocytes
↳
allows small molecules + water to ( < 3 m) but restricts
pass ,
RBC and
large propens
filture arms : FilteredGid collects in
capsular space around guomenlys
-
.
3 Renoval
Blood exits
-
glomemnis :
trmn varran efferent artenity
Filtrate moves flows into renal tube for further
on :
processing
-
, Net Filtration Pressure :
represents the overall
pressure that either
supports
a
opposes filtration
·
Hydrostatic Pressure :
pressure Romfluid (blood) within the glomeras
promote
Colloid osmotic Pressure : arises from Calbumin) in blood
proteins
-
oppose
↳
helps retain fluid in capillaries
repose Capsular Hydrostatic Pressure : the pressure inside Bowman's capsule due to
-
the accumulating filtrate
A NFP is determined inot promets fitfuntion prom those that
by subtracting the forces
hinder ita
NFD =
GHP-(GCOP + CHP)
* Glowencular fillation occurs when GMP surpasses &
apposing onces
↳ capillares have i pressure Rom blood into the
than
capsule ,
weving
glomerular capsule
Filtration Membrane
1
Felestarted evicothelium : inhibits filtration of RBC +
platelets
↳ allow smaller stupf tapass (water ims nutrients
, ,
2 . Basement Membrane :
protective ge) layer composed of proteoglycans
,
+
collagen
fibers
large proteins (albumin) from passing
to hinder
3 Filtration slirblu
pedicels from foot processes of podocyps that envelope capopillances
:
.
exhibit negative
↳
change to
repel large anious
↳
prevents piltratio of medium-sized
pooters
Parts of the Filtule enitrogenous nable can pass
as um to
allows volecules w/ Size can
pass eler capsular space
·
> 5 um cannot
pass
Nitrogenous waste :
NW)
breakdown 150 % of
- urea : by product of protein
-
Ammonia : a toxic substance converted to crea in liver
