EMT Final Exam Review UPDATED
ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS
What is the most common airway obstruction in an unconscious pt? - correct answer tounge -
muscles relax and tounge rolls back
List the divisions of the spinal column (superior to inferior) - correct answer cervical vert. (7)
Thoracic vert. (12)
Lumbar vert. (5)
Sacral vert. (5 fused into 1)
Coccyx (4 fused into 1)
Define the roll of the incident commander - correct answer in charge of the entire incident, will
assess and will establish strategic treatment plans and priorities. Will also be make plans to manage
the incident.
Define medical director/ control - correct answer a physician who authorizes the emt on what
they can and can't do.
How to continue treating a pt when rosc was obtained?
Define rosc - correct answer rosc - return of spontaneous circulation
Support the respiratory effort, place them in recovery position
What is sludgem used for and what does it mean? - correct answer we use sludgem when
assessing symptoms to see if a pt has been exposed to any toxic nerve agents.
Salivation, sweating, seizures
Lacrimation (excessive tearing)
Urination
Defecation, drooling, diarrhea
Gastric upset or cramps
, Emesis (vomiting)
Muscle twitching, miosis (pinpoint pupils)
Which type of pt's are most likely to show signs of delirium (possible excited)? - correct
answer etoh (alcohol) withdrawal pts
Tension pneumothorax - define and sxs - correct answer tension - air in the chest that can not
escape, pressure keeps getting greater with every breath, moves things around — leads to decreased
venous return, shock, can be fatal quickly.
Sxs - severe respiratory distress, hypotension, distended neck veins (jvd and poss. Tracheal deviation),
absent breath sounds on one side.
Define gcs and why we use it - correct answer gcs - glasgow coma scale
Assessment tool used to determine a pt's level of consciousness in the secondary assessment (3-15)
Simple pneumothorax - define and sxs - correct answer simple - lung enters the pleural space,
but only a partial collapse, pt will still be stable
Sxs - sudden chest pain, sob, decreased breath sounds on one side
Cause of hypovolemic shock - correct answer loss of volume - could be hemorrhagic or non-
hemorrhagic
Dehydration, vomiting, excessive urination or defecation
In babies - fontanelles will be sunken in, looking for dry tissues (eyes or mouth) can ask caregiver
when's the last time they've had to change baby.
Define angina — stable and unstable - correct answer angina is activity induced chest pain, a
case of supply and demand.
Stable - when chest pain reduces with rest or nitro
ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS
What is the most common airway obstruction in an unconscious pt? - correct answer tounge -
muscles relax and tounge rolls back
List the divisions of the spinal column (superior to inferior) - correct answer cervical vert. (7)
Thoracic vert. (12)
Lumbar vert. (5)
Sacral vert. (5 fused into 1)
Coccyx (4 fused into 1)
Define the roll of the incident commander - correct answer in charge of the entire incident, will
assess and will establish strategic treatment plans and priorities. Will also be make plans to manage
the incident.
Define medical director/ control - correct answer a physician who authorizes the emt on what
they can and can't do.
How to continue treating a pt when rosc was obtained?
Define rosc - correct answer rosc - return of spontaneous circulation
Support the respiratory effort, place them in recovery position
What is sludgem used for and what does it mean? - correct answer we use sludgem when
assessing symptoms to see if a pt has been exposed to any toxic nerve agents.
Salivation, sweating, seizures
Lacrimation (excessive tearing)
Urination
Defecation, drooling, diarrhea
Gastric upset or cramps
, Emesis (vomiting)
Muscle twitching, miosis (pinpoint pupils)
Which type of pt's are most likely to show signs of delirium (possible excited)? - correct
answer etoh (alcohol) withdrawal pts
Tension pneumothorax - define and sxs - correct answer tension - air in the chest that can not
escape, pressure keeps getting greater with every breath, moves things around — leads to decreased
venous return, shock, can be fatal quickly.
Sxs - severe respiratory distress, hypotension, distended neck veins (jvd and poss. Tracheal deviation),
absent breath sounds on one side.
Define gcs and why we use it - correct answer gcs - glasgow coma scale
Assessment tool used to determine a pt's level of consciousness in the secondary assessment (3-15)
Simple pneumothorax - define and sxs - correct answer simple - lung enters the pleural space,
but only a partial collapse, pt will still be stable
Sxs - sudden chest pain, sob, decreased breath sounds on one side
Cause of hypovolemic shock - correct answer loss of volume - could be hemorrhagic or non-
hemorrhagic
Dehydration, vomiting, excessive urination or defecation
In babies - fontanelles will be sunken in, looking for dry tissues (eyes or mouth) can ask caregiver
when's the last time they've had to change baby.
Define angina — stable and unstable - correct answer angina is activity induced chest pain, a
case of supply and demand.
Stable - when chest pain reduces with rest or nitro
