Page 1 of 100
NCLEX RN ACTUAL EXAM TEST BANK COMPREHENSIVE
2026 – 2027 QUESTIONS EXAM LATEST VERSION SOLVED
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS VERIFIED 100 %
Is a process of learning a different culture to adapt to a new or changing
environment.
Acculturation.
It is a subjective perspective of the person's heritage and a sense of belonging
to a group
Ethnic identity
Include meditation, relaxation techniques, imagery, music therapy, massage,
touch, laughter, humor, & spiritual measures (prayer).
Low-risk therapies:
Because of their health & dietary practices, Native Americans, Latino
Americans, Hispanic Americans, & African Americans.
High risk of obesity & diabetes mellitus
Surgery is not prohibited, but the administration of blood and blood products
is forbidden. This religious group believes the soul cannot live after death.
Administration of medication is an acceptable practice except if the
medication is derived from blood products.
Jehovah's Witnesses
Believers adhere to dietary kosher laws. In this religion, the dairy-meat
combination is unacceptable. Only fish that have scales and fins are allowed;
meats that are allowed include animals that are vegetable eaters, cloven-
hoofed, and ritually slaughtered.
Orthodox Judaism
include whole medical systems, mind-body medicine, biologically based
practices, manipulative & body-based practices, & energy medicine.
, Page 2 of 100
Five categories of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM):
Focused, maintains strong control, makes decisions, & addresses all
problems. Dominates group & commands, rather than seeks suggestions or
input. Manager addresses problem (quality improvement) with taff, designs a
plan without input, & wants all problems reported directly back to her
Autocratic leader
Participative & would likely meet with each staff person individually to
determine staff member's perception of problem. Would also speak with the
staff about any issues & ask the staff for input with developing a plan.
Democratic leader
Passive and nondirective. Would state what the problem was & inform staff
that the staff needed to come up with a plan to "fix it."
Laissez-faire leader
Assessment findings include cough, dyspnea, crackles, tachypnea,
tachycardia, elevated blood pressure, bounding pulse, elevated CVP, weight
gain, edema, neck & hand vein distention, altered LOC, & decreased
hematocrit.
Overhydration or fluid overload & occurs when fluid intake or fluid retention
Avocado, bananas, cantaloupe, carrots, fish, mushrooms, oranges, potatoes,
pork, beef, veal, raisins, spinach, strawberries, & tomatoes
Common food sources of potassium:
Muscle weakness, increased urinary output, & decreased specific gravity of
the urine would be noted
Hyponatremia
Causative factors relate to malnutrition or starvation & the use of aluminum
hydroxide-based or magnesium-based antacids. Malnutrition is associated
with alcoholism.
Hypophosphatemia
Renal insufficiency, hypoparathyroidism, & tumor lysis syndrome; causative
factors. Should avoid foods high in phosphates; fish, eggs, milk products,
vegetables, whole grains, & carbonated beverages.
Hyperphosphatemia
, Page 3 of 100
Vomiting, diarrhea, conditions that increased respiration's or increased urinary
output, insufficient intravenous fluid replacement, draining fistulas, presence
of ileostomy or colostomy. Diuretics, & gastrointestinal suctioning.
Causes of a fluid volume deficit
Decreased kidney function, heart failure, hypotonic fluids to replace isotonic
fluid losses, excessive irrigation of wounds & body cavities, & excessive
ingestion of sodium.
Causes of overhydration or fluid overload:
Trauma, burns, sepsis, or metabolic or respiratory acidosis.
Hyperkalemia causes:
Cushing's syndrome or colitis & over use of laxatives.
Hypokalemia causes:
Decreased pH & decreased HCO3. Occurs in kidney disease; diabetic
ketoacidosis; high fat diet; insufficient metabolism of carbohydrates;
malnutrition; ingestion of toxins, such as acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin);
malnutrition; severe diarrhea. Intestinal secretion high in bicarbonate & may
be lost through enteric drainage tubes, an ileostomy, or diarrhea.
Metabolic acidotic
Nausea & vomiting. Loss of gastric acid, cause pH & HCO3 to increase.
Symptoms experienced would include hypoventilation & tachycardia.
Metabolic alkalosis
Decreased pH and an increased CO2. Hypoventalation & COPD
Respiratory acidotic
Increased pH & decreased CO2. Hyperventalation, Lethargy, lightheadedness,
confusion, tachycardia, dysrhythmias related to hypokalemia, nausea,
vomiting, epigastric pain, numbness & tingling of extremities. Hyperventilation
(tachypnea) occurs.
Respiratory alkalotic
Sample for PT & INR level to determine anticoagulation status & risk for
bleeding
Warfarin (Coumadin)
aPTT monitors the effects. Anticoagulant used most often during
hemodialysis. Monitors extent of anticoagulation checking PTT, which is
appropriate measure heparin effect. Protamine sulfate is antidote.
, Page 4 of 100
Heparin
Dark green leafy vegetables good source iron, oranges are a good source of
vitamin C, which enhances iron absorption.
Iron deficiency anemia foods in diet:
May lack B12 in diet.
Vegans
Include fruits & vegetables
Low sodium foods:
Highly processed or refined foods (tomato soup, instant oatmeal), Saltwater
fish & shellfish. Smoked foods,
High Sodium foods:
Water, bouillon, clear broth, carbonated beverages, gelatin, hard candy,
lemonade, ice pops, and regular or decaffeinated coffee or tea.
Clear liquid diet:
Pulling, Vegetable juice, Pureed vegetables, plain ice cream, sherbet, breakfast
drinks, milk, pudding & custard, soups that are strained, refined cooked
cereals, & strained vegetable juices.
Full liquid diet:
Pork products rich in this vitamin. Other good food sources include nuts,
whole grain cereals, & legumes.
High Thiamine foods
On the left side, with the head lower than the feet. This position used to
minimize effect of air traveling as a bolus to lungs by trapping it in right side of
heart.
Suspects air embolism. Should immediately place client in which position?
Assess for known allergies to eggs to prevent anaphylaxis.
Fat emulsion (lipids)
Signs include excessive thirst, fatigue, restlessness, confusion, weakness,
Kussmaul's respirations, diuresis, & coma when severe. If has these
symptoms, blood glucose level should be checked immediately.
Hyperglycemia:
Temperature and weight: Temperature monitored to detect infection, potential
complication of therapy. Infection also could result in sepsis because catheter
NCLEX RN ACTUAL EXAM TEST BANK COMPREHENSIVE
2026 – 2027 QUESTIONS EXAM LATEST VERSION SOLVED
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS VERIFIED 100 %
Is a process of learning a different culture to adapt to a new or changing
environment.
Acculturation.
It is a subjective perspective of the person's heritage and a sense of belonging
to a group
Ethnic identity
Include meditation, relaxation techniques, imagery, music therapy, massage,
touch, laughter, humor, & spiritual measures (prayer).
Low-risk therapies:
Because of their health & dietary practices, Native Americans, Latino
Americans, Hispanic Americans, & African Americans.
High risk of obesity & diabetes mellitus
Surgery is not prohibited, but the administration of blood and blood products
is forbidden. This religious group believes the soul cannot live after death.
Administration of medication is an acceptable practice except if the
medication is derived from blood products.
Jehovah's Witnesses
Believers adhere to dietary kosher laws. In this religion, the dairy-meat
combination is unacceptable. Only fish that have scales and fins are allowed;
meats that are allowed include animals that are vegetable eaters, cloven-
hoofed, and ritually slaughtered.
Orthodox Judaism
include whole medical systems, mind-body medicine, biologically based
practices, manipulative & body-based practices, & energy medicine.
, Page 2 of 100
Five categories of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM):
Focused, maintains strong control, makes decisions, & addresses all
problems. Dominates group & commands, rather than seeks suggestions or
input. Manager addresses problem (quality improvement) with taff, designs a
plan without input, & wants all problems reported directly back to her
Autocratic leader
Participative & would likely meet with each staff person individually to
determine staff member's perception of problem. Would also speak with the
staff about any issues & ask the staff for input with developing a plan.
Democratic leader
Passive and nondirective. Would state what the problem was & inform staff
that the staff needed to come up with a plan to "fix it."
Laissez-faire leader
Assessment findings include cough, dyspnea, crackles, tachypnea,
tachycardia, elevated blood pressure, bounding pulse, elevated CVP, weight
gain, edema, neck & hand vein distention, altered LOC, & decreased
hematocrit.
Overhydration or fluid overload & occurs when fluid intake or fluid retention
Avocado, bananas, cantaloupe, carrots, fish, mushrooms, oranges, potatoes,
pork, beef, veal, raisins, spinach, strawberries, & tomatoes
Common food sources of potassium:
Muscle weakness, increased urinary output, & decreased specific gravity of
the urine would be noted
Hyponatremia
Causative factors relate to malnutrition or starvation & the use of aluminum
hydroxide-based or magnesium-based antacids. Malnutrition is associated
with alcoholism.
Hypophosphatemia
Renal insufficiency, hypoparathyroidism, & tumor lysis syndrome; causative
factors. Should avoid foods high in phosphates; fish, eggs, milk products,
vegetables, whole grains, & carbonated beverages.
Hyperphosphatemia
, Page 3 of 100
Vomiting, diarrhea, conditions that increased respiration's or increased urinary
output, insufficient intravenous fluid replacement, draining fistulas, presence
of ileostomy or colostomy. Diuretics, & gastrointestinal suctioning.
Causes of a fluid volume deficit
Decreased kidney function, heart failure, hypotonic fluids to replace isotonic
fluid losses, excessive irrigation of wounds & body cavities, & excessive
ingestion of sodium.
Causes of overhydration or fluid overload:
Trauma, burns, sepsis, or metabolic or respiratory acidosis.
Hyperkalemia causes:
Cushing's syndrome or colitis & over use of laxatives.
Hypokalemia causes:
Decreased pH & decreased HCO3. Occurs in kidney disease; diabetic
ketoacidosis; high fat diet; insufficient metabolism of carbohydrates;
malnutrition; ingestion of toxins, such as acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin);
malnutrition; severe diarrhea. Intestinal secretion high in bicarbonate & may
be lost through enteric drainage tubes, an ileostomy, or diarrhea.
Metabolic acidotic
Nausea & vomiting. Loss of gastric acid, cause pH & HCO3 to increase.
Symptoms experienced would include hypoventilation & tachycardia.
Metabolic alkalosis
Decreased pH and an increased CO2. Hypoventalation & COPD
Respiratory acidotic
Increased pH & decreased CO2. Hyperventalation, Lethargy, lightheadedness,
confusion, tachycardia, dysrhythmias related to hypokalemia, nausea,
vomiting, epigastric pain, numbness & tingling of extremities. Hyperventilation
(tachypnea) occurs.
Respiratory alkalotic
Sample for PT & INR level to determine anticoagulation status & risk for
bleeding
Warfarin (Coumadin)
aPTT monitors the effects. Anticoagulant used most often during
hemodialysis. Monitors extent of anticoagulation checking PTT, which is
appropriate measure heparin effect. Protamine sulfate is antidote.
, Page 4 of 100
Heparin
Dark green leafy vegetables good source iron, oranges are a good source of
vitamin C, which enhances iron absorption.
Iron deficiency anemia foods in diet:
May lack B12 in diet.
Vegans
Include fruits & vegetables
Low sodium foods:
Highly processed or refined foods (tomato soup, instant oatmeal), Saltwater
fish & shellfish. Smoked foods,
High Sodium foods:
Water, bouillon, clear broth, carbonated beverages, gelatin, hard candy,
lemonade, ice pops, and regular or decaffeinated coffee or tea.
Clear liquid diet:
Pulling, Vegetable juice, Pureed vegetables, plain ice cream, sherbet, breakfast
drinks, milk, pudding & custard, soups that are strained, refined cooked
cereals, & strained vegetable juices.
Full liquid diet:
Pork products rich in this vitamin. Other good food sources include nuts,
whole grain cereals, & legumes.
High Thiamine foods
On the left side, with the head lower than the feet. This position used to
minimize effect of air traveling as a bolus to lungs by trapping it in right side of
heart.
Suspects air embolism. Should immediately place client in which position?
Assess for known allergies to eggs to prevent anaphylaxis.
Fat emulsion (lipids)
Signs include excessive thirst, fatigue, restlessness, confusion, weakness,
Kussmaul's respirations, diuresis, & coma when severe. If has these
symptoms, blood glucose level should be checked immediately.
Hyperglycemia:
Temperature and weight: Temperature monitored to detect infection, potential
complication of therapy. Infection also could result in sepsis because catheter
