PHI 1102 TEST 2 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS ALL CORRECT
What implications does Regan's theory have for animal testing and agriculture? -
Answer- It calls for the complete abolition of animal testing and agriculture, not just
reform.
What does Regan mean by 'subjects-of-a-life'? - Answer- Beings that are conscious,
experience life, and have lives that matter to them.
What is the main difference between Regan and Singer's views on animal rights? -
Answer- Regan's rights-based approach contrasts with Singer's utilitarian perspective
that sometimes justifies animal use.
What is the 'might makes right' problem in contractarianism? - Answer- It suggests that
those in power can dictate morality, leading to unfair treatment of vulnerable groups.
What is the critique of the cruelty-kindness view regarding moral actions? - Answer-
Being kind does not equate to being morally right, as seen in examples like kind racism.
How does Regan's view address speciesism? - Answer- It rejects speciesism by
asserting that all beings with inherent value deserve equal treatment.
What does virtue ethics argue regarding adultery in loveless marriages? - Answer-
Adultery is not necessarily a vice in a loveless marriage.
What is a major good of marriage according to virtue ethics? - Answer- The
establishment of a loving relationship.
What is the contract view of marriage? - Answer- Marriage is seen as a conditional
commitment that can be broken under certain circumstances.
What are some examples of preventable suffering mentioned by Singer? - Answer-
Famine, lack of medical care, malnutrition, and preventable diseases.
What does Singer emphasize about effective charitable giving? - Answer- Some
charities save far more lives than others, and we should support high-impact charities.
, What is a key takeaway from Singer's argument? - Answer- Individuals have strong
moral obligations to help the global poor and should donate if it can save lives cheaply.
What approach does Tom Regan advocate for in animal rights? - Answer- A
deontological approach (duty/rights-based).
How does Regan's view differ from Peter Singer's? - Answer- Regan believes animals
have rights, while Singer follows a utilitarian approach focused on interests.
What is Regan's core idea regarding animals? - Answer- Animals have rights, not just
interests.
What does Regan argue about all animal use? - Answer- All animal use is wrong if it
violates their inherent value.
What is the indirect duty view that Regan rejects? - Answer- The idea that we only have
duties about animals to humans, not to the animals themselves.
What is Regan's objection to the indirect duty view? - Answer- Denying animals'
capacity to feel pain is illogical and denies human pain.
What is contractarianism in the context of animal rights? - Answer- Morality is based on
agreements between rational individuals, excluding those who cannot participate.
What are some problems with contractarianism according to Regan? - Answer- It
unfairly depends on public opinion and can ignore minorities.
What is the cruelty-kindness view of animal rights? - Answer- It suggests we should be
kind and not cruel, but Regan argues this is insufficient for moral correctness.
What are the principles of utilitarianism as described by Singer? - Answer- Equality of
interests and maximizing happiness.
What is Regan's criticism of utilitarianism? - Answer- It reduces individuals to mere
containers of pleasure, allowing harm if it benefits others.
What is Regan's core idea of inherent value? - Answer- Individuals have value in
themselves, not based on their usefulness.
Who does Regan believe has inherent value? - Answer- All beings that are 'subjects-of-
a-life' have inherent value equally.
What advantages does Regan's view offer? - Answer- It rejects racism, sexism,
speciesism, and cannot justify bad actions for good outcomes.
ANSWERS ALL CORRECT
What implications does Regan's theory have for animal testing and agriculture? -
Answer- It calls for the complete abolition of animal testing and agriculture, not just
reform.
What does Regan mean by 'subjects-of-a-life'? - Answer- Beings that are conscious,
experience life, and have lives that matter to them.
What is the main difference between Regan and Singer's views on animal rights? -
Answer- Regan's rights-based approach contrasts with Singer's utilitarian perspective
that sometimes justifies animal use.
What is the 'might makes right' problem in contractarianism? - Answer- It suggests that
those in power can dictate morality, leading to unfair treatment of vulnerable groups.
What is the critique of the cruelty-kindness view regarding moral actions? - Answer-
Being kind does not equate to being morally right, as seen in examples like kind racism.
How does Regan's view address speciesism? - Answer- It rejects speciesism by
asserting that all beings with inherent value deserve equal treatment.
What does virtue ethics argue regarding adultery in loveless marriages? - Answer-
Adultery is not necessarily a vice in a loveless marriage.
What is a major good of marriage according to virtue ethics? - Answer- The
establishment of a loving relationship.
What is the contract view of marriage? - Answer- Marriage is seen as a conditional
commitment that can be broken under certain circumstances.
What are some examples of preventable suffering mentioned by Singer? - Answer-
Famine, lack of medical care, malnutrition, and preventable diseases.
What does Singer emphasize about effective charitable giving? - Answer- Some
charities save far more lives than others, and we should support high-impact charities.
, What is a key takeaway from Singer's argument? - Answer- Individuals have strong
moral obligations to help the global poor and should donate if it can save lives cheaply.
What approach does Tom Regan advocate for in animal rights? - Answer- A
deontological approach (duty/rights-based).
How does Regan's view differ from Peter Singer's? - Answer- Regan believes animals
have rights, while Singer follows a utilitarian approach focused on interests.
What is Regan's core idea regarding animals? - Answer- Animals have rights, not just
interests.
What does Regan argue about all animal use? - Answer- All animal use is wrong if it
violates their inherent value.
What is the indirect duty view that Regan rejects? - Answer- The idea that we only have
duties about animals to humans, not to the animals themselves.
What is Regan's objection to the indirect duty view? - Answer- Denying animals'
capacity to feel pain is illogical and denies human pain.
What is contractarianism in the context of animal rights? - Answer- Morality is based on
agreements between rational individuals, excluding those who cannot participate.
What are some problems with contractarianism according to Regan? - Answer- It
unfairly depends on public opinion and can ignore minorities.
What is the cruelty-kindness view of animal rights? - Answer- It suggests we should be
kind and not cruel, but Regan argues this is insufficient for moral correctness.
What are the principles of utilitarianism as described by Singer? - Answer- Equality of
interests and maximizing happiness.
What is Regan's criticism of utilitarianism? - Answer- It reduces individuals to mere
containers of pleasure, allowing harm if it benefits others.
What is Regan's core idea of inherent value? - Answer- Individuals have value in
themselves, not based on their usefulness.
Who does Regan believe has inherent value? - Answer- All beings that are 'subjects-of-
a-life' have inherent value equally.
What advantages does Regan's view offer? - Answer- It rejects racism, sexism,
speciesism, and cannot justify bad actions for good outcomes.
