2026/2027 NSG 3800 EXAM 2 QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS
WITH RATIONALE | A+ GRADE
VERIFIED ANSWERS
While assessing a patient who has pneumonia, the nurse
has the patient repeat the letter E while the nurses
auscultates. The nurse notes that the patients voice
sounds are distorted and that the letter A is audible
instead of the letter E. How should this finding be
documented?
A)Bronchophony
B)Egophony
C) Whispered pectoriloquy
D) Sonorous wheezes Correct Answer B
Feedback: This finding would be documented as
egophony, which can be best assessed by instructing the
patient to repeat the letter E. The distortion produced by
consolidation transforms the sound into a clearly heard A
rather than E. Bronchophony describes vocal resonance
that is more intense and clearer than normal. Whispered
pectoriloquy is a very subtle finding that is heard only in
the presence of rather dense consolidation of the lungs.
Sound is so enhanced by the consolidated tissue that
even whispered words are heard. Sonorous wheezes are
not defined as a voice sound, but rather as a breath
sound.
,The clinic nurse is caring for a patient who has been
diagnosed with emphysema and who has just had a
pulmonary function test (PFT) ordered. The patient asks,
What exactly is this test for? What would be the nurses
best response?
A) A PFT measures how much air moves in and out of
your lungs when you breathe.
B) A PFT measures how much energy you get from the
oxygen you breathe.
C) A PFT measures how elastic your lungs are.
D) A PFT measures whether oxygen and carbon dioxide
move between your lungs and your blood. Correct Answer
A
Feedback: PFTs are routinely used in patients with chronic
respiratory disorders. They are performed to assess
respiratory function and to determine the extent of
dysfunction. Such tests include measurements of lung
volumes, ventilatory function, and the mechanics of
breathing, diffusion, and gas exchange. Lung elasticity
and diffusion can often be implied from PFTs, but they are
not directly assessed. Energy obtained from respiration is
not measured directly.
A patient is being treated for a pulmonary embolism and
the medical nurse is aware that the patient suffered an
acute disturbance in pulmonary perfusion. This involved
an alteration in what aspect of normal physiology?
A) Maintenance of constant osmotic pressure in the alveoli
B) Maintenance of muscle tone in the diaphragm
C) pH balance in the pulmonary veins and arteries
,D) Adequate flow of blood through the pulmonary
circulation. Correct Answer D
feedback: Pulmonary perfusion is the actual blood flow
through the pulmonary circulation. Perfusion is not defined
in terms of pH balance, muscle tone, or osmotic pressure.
The nurse is performing a respiratory assessment of an
adult patient and is attempting to distinguish between
vesicular, bronchovesicular, and bronchial (tubular) breath
sounds. The nurse should distinguish between these
normal breath sounds on what basis?
A) Their location over a specific area of the lung
B) The volume of the sounds
C) Whether they are heard on inspiration or expiration
D) Whether or not they are continuous breath sounds
Correct Answer A
Feedback: Normal breath sounds are distinguished by
their location over a specific area of the lung; they are
identified as vesicular, bronchovesicular, and bronchial
(tubular) breath sounds. Normal breath sounds are heard
on both inspiration and expiration, and are continuous.
They are not distinguished solely on the basis of volume.
A patient has been diagnosed with pulmonary
hypertension, in which the capillaries in the alveoli are
squeezed excessively. The nurse should recognize a
disturbance in what aspect of normal respiratory function?
A) Acidbase balance
B) Perfusion
C) Diffusion
D) V entilation Correct Answer B
, Feedback: Perfusion is influenced by alveolar pressure.
The pulmonary capillaries are sandwiched between
adjacent alveoli and, if the alveolar pressure is sufficiently
high, the capillaries are squeezed. This does not
constitute a disturbance in ventilation (air movement),
diffusion (gas exchange), or acidbase balance.
A patient is scheduled to have excess pleural fluid
aspirated with a needle in order to relieve her dyspnea.
The patient inquires about the normal function of pleural
fluid. What should the nurse describe?
A) It allows for full expansion of the lungs within the
thoracic cavity.
B) It prevents the lungs from collapsing within the thoracic
cavity.
C) It limits lung expansion within the thoracic cavity.
D) It lubricates the movement of the thorax and lungs.
Correct Answer D
Feedback: The visceral pleura cover the lungs; the parietal
pleura line the thorax. The visceral and parietal pleura and
the small amount of pleural fluid between these two
membranes serve to lubricate the thorax and lungs and
permit smooth motion of the lungs within the thoracic
cavity with each breath. The pleura do not allow full
expansion of the lungs, prevent the lungs from collapsing,
or limit lung expansion within the thoracic cavity.
The nurse is caring for a patient with a lower respiratory
tract infection. When planning a focused respiratory
assessment, the nurse should know that this type of
infection most often causes what?
AND CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS
WITH RATIONALE | A+ GRADE
VERIFIED ANSWERS
While assessing a patient who has pneumonia, the nurse
has the patient repeat the letter E while the nurses
auscultates. The nurse notes that the patients voice
sounds are distorted and that the letter A is audible
instead of the letter E. How should this finding be
documented?
A)Bronchophony
B)Egophony
C) Whispered pectoriloquy
D) Sonorous wheezes Correct Answer B
Feedback: This finding would be documented as
egophony, which can be best assessed by instructing the
patient to repeat the letter E. The distortion produced by
consolidation transforms the sound into a clearly heard A
rather than E. Bronchophony describes vocal resonance
that is more intense and clearer than normal. Whispered
pectoriloquy is a very subtle finding that is heard only in
the presence of rather dense consolidation of the lungs.
Sound is so enhanced by the consolidated tissue that
even whispered words are heard. Sonorous wheezes are
not defined as a voice sound, but rather as a breath
sound.
,The clinic nurse is caring for a patient who has been
diagnosed with emphysema and who has just had a
pulmonary function test (PFT) ordered. The patient asks,
What exactly is this test for? What would be the nurses
best response?
A) A PFT measures how much air moves in and out of
your lungs when you breathe.
B) A PFT measures how much energy you get from the
oxygen you breathe.
C) A PFT measures how elastic your lungs are.
D) A PFT measures whether oxygen and carbon dioxide
move between your lungs and your blood. Correct Answer
A
Feedback: PFTs are routinely used in patients with chronic
respiratory disorders. They are performed to assess
respiratory function and to determine the extent of
dysfunction. Such tests include measurements of lung
volumes, ventilatory function, and the mechanics of
breathing, diffusion, and gas exchange. Lung elasticity
and diffusion can often be implied from PFTs, but they are
not directly assessed. Energy obtained from respiration is
not measured directly.
A patient is being treated for a pulmonary embolism and
the medical nurse is aware that the patient suffered an
acute disturbance in pulmonary perfusion. This involved
an alteration in what aspect of normal physiology?
A) Maintenance of constant osmotic pressure in the alveoli
B) Maintenance of muscle tone in the diaphragm
C) pH balance in the pulmonary veins and arteries
,D) Adequate flow of blood through the pulmonary
circulation. Correct Answer D
feedback: Pulmonary perfusion is the actual blood flow
through the pulmonary circulation. Perfusion is not defined
in terms of pH balance, muscle tone, or osmotic pressure.
The nurse is performing a respiratory assessment of an
adult patient and is attempting to distinguish between
vesicular, bronchovesicular, and bronchial (tubular) breath
sounds. The nurse should distinguish between these
normal breath sounds on what basis?
A) Their location over a specific area of the lung
B) The volume of the sounds
C) Whether they are heard on inspiration or expiration
D) Whether or not they are continuous breath sounds
Correct Answer A
Feedback: Normal breath sounds are distinguished by
their location over a specific area of the lung; they are
identified as vesicular, bronchovesicular, and bronchial
(tubular) breath sounds. Normal breath sounds are heard
on both inspiration and expiration, and are continuous.
They are not distinguished solely on the basis of volume.
A patient has been diagnosed with pulmonary
hypertension, in which the capillaries in the alveoli are
squeezed excessively. The nurse should recognize a
disturbance in what aspect of normal respiratory function?
A) Acidbase balance
B) Perfusion
C) Diffusion
D) V entilation Correct Answer B
, Feedback: Perfusion is influenced by alveolar pressure.
The pulmonary capillaries are sandwiched between
adjacent alveoli and, if the alveolar pressure is sufficiently
high, the capillaries are squeezed. This does not
constitute a disturbance in ventilation (air movement),
diffusion (gas exchange), or acidbase balance.
A patient is scheduled to have excess pleural fluid
aspirated with a needle in order to relieve her dyspnea.
The patient inquires about the normal function of pleural
fluid. What should the nurse describe?
A) It allows for full expansion of the lungs within the
thoracic cavity.
B) It prevents the lungs from collapsing within the thoracic
cavity.
C) It limits lung expansion within the thoracic cavity.
D) It lubricates the movement of the thorax and lungs.
Correct Answer D
Feedback: The visceral pleura cover the lungs; the parietal
pleura line the thorax. The visceral and parietal pleura and
the small amount of pleural fluid between these two
membranes serve to lubricate the thorax and lungs and
permit smooth motion of the lungs within the thoracic
cavity with each breath. The pleura do not allow full
expansion of the lungs, prevent the lungs from collapsing,
or limit lung expansion within the thoracic cavity.
The nurse is caring for a patient with a lower respiratory
tract infection. When planning a focused respiratory
assessment, the nurse should know that this type of
infection most often causes what?
