PoPulation HealtH exam 2 Questions and CoRReCt answeRs
(veRiFied) | latest uPdate 2026/2027 | GRaded a+ | BRand new |
100% GuaRanteed Pass
Rate - answeR-the primary measurement used to describe either the occurrence or the existence of a
specific state of health or illness
Risk - answeR-probability or likelihood that a disease or illness will occur in a group of people who
presently do not have the problem.
Risk Factor - answeR-characteristics of events that have been shown to increase the probability that a
specific disease or illness will develop
Epidemiology Triad - answeR-Classic model based on the belief that health status is determined by the
interaction of the characteristics of all three: host, agent, and environment.
Host - answeR-the client whose health status is the concern, whether it is a person, a family, a group
of high-risk people, or the community as a whole.
Agents - answeR-element or force that under proper conditions can initiate or perpetuate a health
problem
5 groups of Agents - answeR-1. Physical-heat or trauma
2. Chemical-pollutants, medications, and drugs
3. Nutritional- excess or absence of water, vitamins, fat, proteins, and carbs
4. Psychosocial- stress social isolation and social support
5. Biologic-bacteria, viruses, arthropods, toxins, and conditions that interfere w/ normal body
functioning.
, Environment - answeR-refers to context w/in which the agent and host interact; 3 categories:
1. biological- plants, animals, & toxins they produce
2. physical- light, heat, air, atmospheric pressure, radiation, geological, and environmental structures
3. social- technology, educational opportunities, political systems, demographic characteristics,
sociological factors, economic and legal systems
Wheel of Causation - answeR-epidemiologic model that de-emphasizes the agent as the sole cause of
disease while emphasizing the interplay of physical, biologic, and social environments
Web of Causation - answeR-Epidemiologic model that strongly emphasizes the concept of MULTIPLE
CAUSATIONS while de-emphasizing the role of agents in explaining illness.
Chain of Infection - answeR-Includes: portal of entry, host, agent, reservoir, portal of exit, and means
of transmission
Portal of entry and exit - answeR-the way infectious diseases enter and exit the body. Portals include
skin, respiratory tract, alimentary tract, genital tract, conjunctiva and vertical transmission from parent
to offspring.
Incubation period - answeR-the time between exposure to an infectious agent and the manifestation
of symptoms in the host.
Colonization - answeR-no clinical signs of disease but an infectious agent is present.
Endemic - answeR-disease, infection, or infectious agent occurs when it becomes prevalent within a
population or geographic area.
- A disease regularly occurring within an area or community (google definition)
Epidemic - answeR-significant increase in the infection or infectious diseases beyond the expected
(endemic) level in a certain population and or/ geographical area. Can also occur when a new infectious
agent emerges or remerges
(veRiFied) | latest uPdate 2026/2027 | GRaded a+ | BRand new |
100% GuaRanteed Pass
Rate - answeR-the primary measurement used to describe either the occurrence or the existence of a
specific state of health or illness
Risk - answeR-probability or likelihood that a disease or illness will occur in a group of people who
presently do not have the problem.
Risk Factor - answeR-characteristics of events that have been shown to increase the probability that a
specific disease or illness will develop
Epidemiology Triad - answeR-Classic model based on the belief that health status is determined by the
interaction of the characteristics of all three: host, agent, and environment.
Host - answeR-the client whose health status is the concern, whether it is a person, a family, a group
of high-risk people, or the community as a whole.
Agents - answeR-element or force that under proper conditions can initiate or perpetuate a health
problem
5 groups of Agents - answeR-1. Physical-heat or trauma
2. Chemical-pollutants, medications, and drugs
3. Nutritional- excess or absence of water, vitamins, fat, proteins, and carbs
4. Psychosocial- stress social isolation and social support
5. Biologic-bacteria, viruses, arthropods, toxins, and conditions that interfere w/ normal body
functioning.
, Environment - answeR-refers to context w/in which the agent and host interact; 3 categories:
1. biological- plants, animals, & toxins they produce
2. physical- light, heat, air, atmospheric pressure, radiation, geological, and environmental structures
3. social- technology, educational opportunities, political systems, demographic characteristics,
sociological factors, economic and legal systems
Wheel of Causation - answeR-epidemiologic model that de-emphasizes the agent as the sole cause of
disease while emphasizing the interplay of physical, biologic, and social environments
Web of Causation - answeR-Epidemiologic model that strongly emphasizes the concept of MULTIPLE
CAUSATIONS while de-emphasizing the role of agents in explaining illness.
Chain of Infection - answeR-Includes: portal of entry, host, agent, reservoir, portal of exit, and means
of transmission
Portal of entry and exit - answeR-the way infectious diseases enter and exit the body. Portals include
skin, respiratory tract, alimentary tract, genital tract, conjunctiva and vertical transmission from parent
to offspring.
Incubation period - answeR-the time between exposure to an infectious agent and the manifestation
of symptoms in the host.
Colonization - answeR-no clinical signs of disease but an infectious agent is present.
Endemic - answeR-disease, infection, or infectious agent occurs when it becomes prevalent within a
population or geographic area.
- A disease regularly occurring within an area or community (google definition)
Epidemic - answeR-significant increase in the infection or infectious diseases beyond the expected
(endemic) level in a certain population and or/ geographical area. Can also occur when a new infectious
agent emerges or remerges
