NBOME Practice Knowledge Assessment
Questions With Correct Answers (Verified
Answers) Plus Rationales 2026 Q&A | Instant
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1. A 62-year-old man presents with chest pain radiating to the left
arm, diaphoresis, and nausea. ECG shows ST-segment elevation in
leads II, III, and aVF. Which artery is most likely occluded?
A. Left anterior descending artery
B. Right coronary artery
C. Left circumflex artery
D. Left main coronary artery
E. Posterior descending artery
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Inferior wall myocardial infarction is indicated by ST
elevation in leads II, III, and aVF. The right coronary artery commonly
supplies the inferior wall in most individuals. RCA occlusion is the most
frequent cause of inferior STEMI.
, 2. A 24-year-old woman presents with fatigue, weight gain, and cold
intolerance. Labs show elevated TSH and low free T4. What is the
most likely diagnosis?
A. Graves disease
B. Subacute thyroiditis
C. Primary hypothyroidism
D. Secondary hypothyroidism
E. Thyroid hormone resistance
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Elevated TSH with low free T4 indicates primary
hypothyroidism due to thyroid gland failure. Secondary
hypothyroidism would show low or inappropriately normal TSH.
3. A patient has a mutation affecting collagen type I synthesis. Which
condition is most likely?
A. Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
B. Osteogenesis imperfecta
C. Marfan syndrome
,D. Alport syndrome
E. Achondroplasia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Osteogenesis imperfecta is caused by defective type I
collagen, leading to brittle bones, blue sclera, and hearing loss.
4. A 35-year-old man presents with chronic cough and hemoptysis.
He has a history of cystic fibrosis. Which organism is most likely
responsible?
A. Streptococcus pneumoniae
B. Haemophilus influenzae
C. Pseudomonas aeruginosa
D. Klebsiella pneumoniae
E. Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a classic pathogen in cystic
fibrosis due to impaired mucociliary clearance and thick secretions.
, 5. Which structure is responsible for producing surfactant in the
lungs?
A. Type I pneumocytes
B. Alveolar macrophages
C. Type II pneumocytes
D. Club cells
E. Goblet cells
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Type II pneumocytes produce surfactant, which reduces
alveolar surface tension and prevents collapse.
6. A 50-year-old alcoholic presents with confusion, ataxia, and
ophthalmoplegia. What is the best initial treatment?
A. Glucose
B. Thiamine
C. Naloxone
D. Folic acid
E. Vitamin B12
Correct Answer: B
Questions With Correct Answers (Verified
Answers) Plus Rationales 2026 Q&A | Instant
Download Pdf
1. A 62-year-old man presents with chest pain radiating to the left
arm, diaphoresis, and nausea. ECG shows ST-segment elevation in
leads II, III, and aVF. Which artery is most likely occluded?
A. Left anterior descending artery
B. Right coronary artery
C. Left circumflex artery
D. Left main coronary artery
E. Posterior descending artery
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Inferior wall myocardial infarction is indicated by ST
elevation in leads II, III, and aVF. The right coronary artery commonly
supplies the inferior wall in most individuals. RCA occlusion is the most
frequent cause of inferior STEMI.
, 2. A 24-year-old woman presents with fatigue, weight gain, and cold
intolerance. Labs show elevated TSH and low free T4. What is the
most likely diagnosis?
A. Graves disease
B. Subacute thyroiditis
C. Primary hypothyroidism
D. Secondary hypothyroidism
E. Thyroid hormone resistance
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Elevated TSH with low free T4 indicates primary
hypothyroidism due to thyroid gland failure. Secondary
hypothyroidism would show low or inappropriately normal TSH.
3. A patient has a mutation affecting collagen type I synthesis. Which
condition is most likely?
A. Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
B. Osteogenesis imperfecta
C. Marfan syndrome
,D. Alport syndrome
E. Achondroplasia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Osteogenesis imperfecta is caused by defective type I
collagen, leading to brittle bones, blue sclera, and hearing loss.
4. A 35-year-old man presents with chronic cough and hemoptysis.
He has a history of cystic fibrosis. Which organism is most likely
responsible?
A. Streptococcus pneumoniae
B. Haemophilus influenzae
C. Pseudomonas aeruginosa
D. Klebsiella pneumoniae
E. Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a classic pathogen in cystic
fibrosis due to impaired mucociliary clearance and thick secretions.
, 5. Which structure is responsible for producing surfactant in the
lungs?
A. Type I pneumocytes
B. Alveolar macrophages
C. Type II pneumocytes
D. Club cells
E. Goblet cells
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Type II pneumocytes produce surfactant, which reduces
alveolar surface tension and prevents collapse.
6. A 50-year-old alcoholic presents with confusion, ataxia, and
ophthalmoplegia. What is the best initial treatment?
A. Glucose
B. Thiamine
C. Naloxone
D. Folic acid
E. Vitamin B12
Correct Answer: B
