CPSY 2301 Exam 2 Questions With
Correct Answers
Describe and give examples of the components of emotion. What evidence is
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there that young infants can experience emotions? Do these emotions differ from
| | | | | | | | | | |
those of adults? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Components of emotion are
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physiological response, facial expressions, cognitive aspect and social aspect.
| | | | | | | |
Evidence in research from smiling. Reflexive for newborns in REM sleep,
| | | | | | | | | | |
associates with tension release. Progression of smiling as infant gets older.
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Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of using facial expressions as
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indications of emotional states in newborns and adults. - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
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Advantages: Similar expressions internationally, easy to infer emotions through
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expression on child's face over time.
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Disadvantages: Fear/surprise distinction in non-industrialized societies, may not
| | | | | | | |
be valid across contexts and ages, good to include physiological indicators as well.
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Differentiate between the three main theories of emotional development. How is
| | | | | | | | | | |
emotional expression an important social skill for infants? - CORRECT
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ANSWER✔✔-Physiological: responses within the body are responsible for | | | | | | | |
emotions.
Neurological: activity within the brain leads to emotional responses.
| | | | | | | |
Cognitive: thoughts and other mental activity play an essential role in forming
| | | | | | | | | | | |
emotions.
, Emotional expression is an important social skill for infants in creating positive,
| | | | | | | | | | | |
rewarding relationships with their caregivers.
| | | |
Define temperament and distinguish between nature and nurture views on
| | | | | | | | | |
temperament. - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Temperament is behavioral consistencies
| | | | | | |
that appear early in life that are frequently emotional in nature.
| | | | | | | | | | |
Nature: innate dispositions, evidence from twin studies, monkey study identifying
| | | | | | | | |
genes associated with temperament.
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Nurture: Stability, caregiving, culture
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Describe the general procedure used in Thomas & Chess' New York Longitudinal
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Study, and describe the 9 dimensions of temperament derived from this study.
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Discuss stability of temperament traits. - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Interviewed
| | | | | | | |
mothers about infants, followed the children from infancy to adulthood.
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The 9 dimensions are: activity level, biological/rhythmicity, approach/withdrawal,
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adaptability, quality of mood, intensity of reaction, sensitivity, distractibility, and
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persistence.
How would you describe a child with an easy, difficult, or slow-to-warm-up
| | | | | | | | | | | |
temperament type? What are the implications of these temperament types for
| | | | | | | | | | |
later behavior? Be sure to include a description of the goodness-of-fit model in
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
your answer. - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Easy: positive mood, fast adaptation, low-
| | | | | | | | |
moderate activity, low intensity of reactions. "Flexible"
| | | | | |
Difficult: negative mood, slow adaptation, high activity, intense reactions, highly
| | | | | | | | | |
sensitive. "Spirited" |
Slow-to-warm-up: withdrawal, slow adaptation, low-moderate activity, mild | | | | | | |
reactions. "Shy" |
Correct Answers
Describe and give examples of the components of emotion. What evidence is
| | | | | | | | | | | |
there that young infants can experience emotions? Do these emotions differ from
| | | | | | | | | | |
those of adults? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Components of emotion are
| | | | | | | | | |
physiological response, facial expressions, cognitive aspect and social aspect.
| | | | | | | |
Evidence in research from smiling. Reflexive for newborns in REM sleep,
| | | | | | | | | | |
associates with tension release. Progression of smiling as infant gets older.
| | | | | | | | | |
Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of using facial expressions as
| | | | | | | | | |
indications of emotional states in newborns and adults. - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
| | | | | | | | | |
Advantages: Similar expressions internationally, easy to infer emotions through
| | | | | | | | |
expression on child's face over time.
| | | | | |
Disadvantages: Fear/surprise distinction in non-industrialized societies, may not
| | | | | | | |
be valid across contexts and ages, good to include physiological indicators as well.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Differentiate between the three main theories of emotional development. How is
| | | | | | | | | | |
emotional expression an important social skill for infants? - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-Physiological: responses within the body are responsible for | | | | | | | |
emotions.
Neurological: activity within the brain leads to emotional responses.
| | | | | | | |
Cognitive: thoughts and other mental activity play an essential role in forming
| | | | | | | | | | | |
emotions.
, Emotional expression is an important social skill for infants in creating positive,
| | | | | | | | | | | |
rewarding relationships with their caregivers.
| | | |
Define temperament and distinguish between nature and nurture views on
| | | | | | | | | |
temperament. - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Temperament is behavioral consistencies
| | | | | | |
that appear early in life that are frequently emotional in nature.
| | | | | | | | | | |
Nature: innate dispositions, evidence from twin studies, monkey study identifying
| | | | | | | | |
genes associated with temperament.
| | | |
Nurture: Stability, caregiving, culture
| | |
Describe the general procedure used in Thomas & Chess' New York Longitudinal
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Study, and describe the 9 dimensions of temperament derived from this study.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Discuss stability of temperament traits. - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Interviewed
| | | | | | | |
mothers about infants, followed the children from infancy to adulthood.
| | | | | | | | |
The 9 dimensions are: activity level, biological/rhythmicity, approach/withdrawal,
| | | | | | | |
adaptability, quality of mood, intensity of reaction, sensitivity, distractibility, and
| | | | | | | | | |
persistence.
How would you describe a child with an easy, difficult, or slow-to-warm-up
| | | | | | | | | | | |
temperament type? What are the implications of these temperament types for
| | | | | | | | | | |
later behavior? Be sure to include a description of the goodness-of-fit model in
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
your answer. - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Easy: positive mood, fast adaptation, low-
| | | | | | | | |
moderate activity, low intensity of reactions. "Flexible"
| | | | | |
Difficult: negative mood, slow adaptation, high activity, intense reactions, highly
| | | | | | | | | |
sensitive. "Spirited" |
Slow-to-warm-up: withdrawal, slow adaptation, low-moderate activity, mild | | | | | | |
reactions. "Shy" |
