CPSY 2301 Final Exam Questions With
Correct Answers
What evidence is there that young infants can experience emotions? - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔--inferred from facial expressions | | |
contentment: happiness, interest | |
distress: anger, fear, sadness, disgust
| | | |
smiling: reflexive, in REM sleep, social smile (8-10 wks), laugher (12-16 wks)
| | | | | | | | | | |
How is emotional expression an important social skill for infants? - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔--expressing wants and needs | | |
-communication with caregiver | |
Problems with using facial expressions to judge emotion - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔--may not be valid accross all contexts | | | | | |
-masking emotions |
-include physiological response: heart rate, sweat, brain activity
| | | | | | |
Temperament - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-behavioral consistencies that occur early
| | | | | | | |
in life that are usually emotional in nature
| | | | | | |
Temperament Types study (NYLS) - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-easy/"flexible"- 40%,
| | | | | | | |
positive mood, fast adaptation
| | |
difficult/"spirited"- 10%, negative mood, slow adaptation | | | | |
,slow to warm up/"shy"- 15%, withdrawal, slow adaptation
| | | | | | |
Temperament-- Nature vs. Nurture - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Nature: | | | | | | |
-differences appear early | |
-heritability, twin studies | |
-monkey studies (genes associated w/ temp.)
| | | | |
Nurture:
-modest stability over time
| | |
-influenced by caregiving | |
-cultural effect |
Goodness of fit - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-fit between infant temperament and
| | | | | | | | | |
parent behavior toward and with the infant, predicts developmental outcomes
| | | | | | | | | |
(espeically for difficult children) | | |
Signs of Attachment - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔--seperation anxiety
| | | | | |
-stranger anxiety |
-comfort seeking |
-greetings
-reunion behavior |
-secure base |
**all signs emerge by 6-12 months
| | | | |
**universal across cultures | |
, Harlow's Monkeys Study of Attachment - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-all monkeys
| | | | | | | | |
spent more time with cloth mom as secure base, regardless of food
| | | | | | | | | | |
**feeding not basis of attachment
| | | |
**close, comforting relationships
| |
Ethological Theory of Attachment by John Bowlby - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
| | | | | | | | |
evolutionary, for survival, cared for and protection
| | | | | |
Secure attachment style - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-used caregiver as secure base,
| | | | | | | | | |
effectively soothed |
insecure-avoidant attachment style - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-less responsive, slow
| | | | | | | |
to greet, similar to stranger
| | | |
insecure-resistant attachment style - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-reduced exploration,
| | | | | | |
seeks proximity but not soothed
| | | |
insecure-disorganized attachment style - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-confused, | | | | | |
contradictory behaviors dazed, fearful facial expressions frozen postures
| | | | | | |
Freud theory of attachment - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-mother provides for all
| | | | | | | | | |
other relationships, breastfeeding and providing food
| | | | |
Behaviorist theory of attachment - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-caregivers fill basic
| | | | | | | | |
needs, i.e. feeding, discomfort, infants become attached through reinforcement
| | | | | | | |
Correct Answers
What evidence is there that young infants can experience emotions? - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔--inferred from facial expressions | | |
contentment: happiness, interest | |
distress: anger, fear, sadness, disgust
| | | |
smiling: reflexive, in REM sleep, social smile (8-10 wks), laugher (12-16 wks)
| | | | | | | | | | |
How is emotional expression an important social skill for infants? - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔--expressing wants and needs | | |
-communication with caregiver | |
Problems with using facial expressions to judge emotion - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔--may not be valid accross all contexts | | | | | |
-masking emotions |
-include physiological response: heart rate, sweat, brain activity
| | | | | | |
Temperament - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-behavioral consistencies that occur early
| | | | | | | |
in life that are usually emotional in nature
| | | | | | |
Temperament Types study (NYLS) - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-easy/"flexible"- 40%,
| | | | | | | |
positive mood, fast adaptation
| | |
difficult/"spirited"- 10%, negative mood, slow adaptation | | | | |
,slow to warm up/"shy"- 15%, withdrawal, slow adaptation
| | | | | | |
Temperament-- Nature vs. Nurture - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Nature: | | | | | | |
-differences appear early | |
-heritability, twin studies | |
-monkey studies (genes associated w/ temp.)
| | | | |
Nurture:
-modest stability over time
| | |
-influenced by caregiving | |
-cultural effect |
Goodness of fit - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-fit between infant temperament and
| | | | | | | | | |
parent behavior toward and with the infant, predicts developmental outcomes
| | | | | | | | | |
(espeically for difficult children) | | |
Signs of Attachment - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔--seperation anxiety
| | | | | |
-stranger anxiety |
-comfort seeking |
-greetings
-reunion behavior |
-secure base |
**all signs emerge by 6-12 months
| | | | |
**universal across cultures | |
, Harlow's Monkeys Study of Attachment - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-all monkeys
| | | | | | | | |
spent more time with cloth mom as secure base, regardless of food
| | | | | | | | | | |
**feeding not basis of attachment
| | | |
**close, comforting relationships
| |
Ethological Theory of Attachment by John Bowlby - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
| | | | | | | | |
evolutionary, for survival, cared for and protection
| | | | | |
Secure attachment style - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-used caregiver as secure base,
| | | | | | | | | |
effectively soothed |
insecure-avoidant attachment style - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-less responsive, slow
| | | | | | | |
to greet, similar to stranger
| | | |
insecure-resistant attachment style - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-reduced exploration,
| | | | | | |
seeks proximity but not soothed
| | | |
insecure-disorganized attachment style - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-confused, | | | | | |
contradictory behaviors dazed, fearful facial expressions frozen postures
| | | | | | |
Freud theory of attachment - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-mother provides for all
| | | | | | | | | |
other relationships, breastfeeding and providing food
| | | | |
Behaviorist theory of attachment - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-caregivers fill basic
| | | | | | | | |
needs, i.e. feeding, discomfort, infants become attached through reinforcement
| | | | | | | |
