PSY 1001 Exam 2 UMN Questions With
Correct Answers
What is the modal model of memory? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-The idea that
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memory is split into 3 parts; sensory, long term, and short term
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What is sensory memory, and what is it's capacity, duration, and function? -
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CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-- Essentially scenic memory, allowing us to observe
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surrounds a bit at a time | | | | |
- Capacity is what we can see or hear
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- Duration is .5-3 seconds
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- Allows us to observe the outside world
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How did the Sperling study measure the duration and capacity of sensory
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memory? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Sperling studied subliminal messages to find
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how long our sensory memory is even if we don't perceive it - lots to take in!
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What are echoic and iconic memory? What is the duration of each of these? -
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CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-- both are flavors of sensory memory
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- Iconic - what we can see, also called scenic memory
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- Echoic - what we can hear
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- Each lasts anywhere from .5-3 seconds, but more if transferred to short term
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memory
,What are attention, rehearsal, encoding and retrieval? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔--
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Attention - how much brainpower we give a stimulus
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- Rehearsal - maintaining information in working memory
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- Encoding is the storage of memory by thinking about meaning - STM ---> LTM
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- Retrieval is the act of recovering memory from LTM
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What is Short-term memory? What is its capacity, duration and function? -
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CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-- STM is when we give attention to sensory memory
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- Lasts about 10-15 seconds unless we rehearse or make meaning out of it
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- 7 +- 2 chunks is max capacity
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- Serves as the gap between LTM and sensory, does conscious work
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What is chunking? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Giving meaning to certain items,
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greatly expands the 7+-2 chunk rule. Ex. If you wanted to memorize the number
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sequence 9021055414 you could think "Beverly hills - Minneapolis"
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What is the magic number? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-7 +- 2 chunks
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How did Peterson and Peterson study the duration of short-term memory? -
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CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-They used random, 3-letter sequences and counting
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backwards to prevent rehearsal, essentially keeping the fresh information in STM.
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What is Long-term memory? What are its capacity, duration and function? -
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CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-- LTM is when we give meaning to items, making them
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extremely permanent in our minds | | | |
- Capacity is endless
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, - Duration is endless
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- Function is to tie the past to the present
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What kinds of memory are typical of each different kind [of LTM]? - CORRECT
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ANSWER✔✔-- LTM is divided into two groups - Explicit (when we actively have to
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search for a memory) and Implicit (when prior knowledge is remembered without
| | | | | | | | | | |
effort)
|
- Explicit memory is divided into Episodic (detailed stories, like a show) and
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Semantic (factual recall) | |
- Procedural memory is a division of implicit - we don't have to think about things
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|if we do them enough (driving or writing)
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Who is Clive Wearing? What kinds of things could he remember and what kinds
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of things could he not remember as a result of his brain injury? What do these
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deficits and retentions indicate about memory? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
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Wearing's hippocampus was damaged, leading to severe anterograde amnesia,
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where he couldn't make new memories from his present experiences. He could
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remember everything before his damage, but nothing was relevant after.
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- This indicates that the hippocampus is responsible for explicit, but not implicit
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memory.
What is the serial position effect? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-The tendency to recall
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the first and last items in a list more frequently than the other items.
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What is recency? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-The ability to recall the last items in a
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
list more frequently
| |
Correct Answers
What is the modal model of memory? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-The idea that
| | | | | | | | | | | |
memory is split into 3 parts; sensory, long term, and short term
| | | | | | | | | | |
What is sensory memory, and what is it's capacity, duration, and function? -
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-- Essentially scenic memory, allowing us to observe
| | | | | | | | |
surrounds a bit at a time | | | | |
- Capacity is what we can see or hear
| | | | | | | |
- Duration is .5-3 seconds
| | | |
- Allows us to observe the outside world
| | | | | | |
How did the Sperling study measure the duration and capacity of sensory
| | | | | | | | | | | |
memory? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Sperling studied subliminal messages to find
| | | | | | | | |
how long our sensory memory is even if we don't perceive it - lots to take in!
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
What are echoic and iconic memory? What is the duration of each of these? -
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-- both are flavors of sensory memory
| | | | | | |
- Iconic - what we can see, also called scenic memory
| | | | | | | | | |
- Echoic - what we can hear
| | | | | |
- Each lasts anywhere from .5-3 seconds, but more if transferred to short term
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
memory
,What are attention, rehearsal, encoding and retrieval? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔--
| | | | | | | | | |
Attention - how much brainpower we give a stimulus
| | | | | | | | |
- Rehearsal - maintaining information in working memory
| | | | | | |
- Encoding is the storage of memory by thinking about meaning - STM ---> LTM
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
- Retrieval is the act of recovering memory from LTM
| | | | | | | | |
What is Short-term memory? What is its capacity, duration and function? -
| | | | | | | | | | | |
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-- STM is when we give attention to sensory memory
| | | | | | | | | |
- Lasts about 10-15 seconds unless we rehearse or make meaning out of it
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
- 7 +- 2 chunks is max capacity
| | | | | | |
- Serves as the gap between LTM and sensory, does conscious work
| | | | | | | | | | |
What is chunking? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Giving meaning to certain items,
| | | | | | | | | |
greatly expands the 7+-2 chunk rule. Ex. If you wanted to memorize the number
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
sequence 9021055414 you could think "Beverly hills - Minneapolis"
| | | | | | | |
What is the magic number? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-7 +- 2 chunks
| | | | | | | | | |
How did Peterson and Peterson study the duration of short-term memory? -
| | | | | | | | | | | |
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-They used random, 3-letter sequences and counting
| | | | | | | |
backwards to prevent rehearsal, essentially keeping the fresh information in STM.
| | | | | | | | | |
What is Long-term memory? What are its capacity, duration and function? -
| | | | | | | | | | | |
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-- LTM is when we give meaning to items, making them
| | | | | | | | | | | |
extremely permanent in our minds | | | |
- Capacity is endless
| | |
, - Duration is endless
| | |
- Function is to tie the past to the present
| | | | | | | | |
What kinds of memory are typical of each different kind [of LTM]? - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-- LTM is divided into two groups - Explicit (when we actively have to
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
search for a memory) and Implicit (when prior knowledge is remembered without
| | | | | | | | | | |
effort)
|
- Explicit memory is divided into Episodic (detailed stories, like a show) and
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Semantic (factual recall) | |
- Procedural memory is a division of implicit - we don't have to think about things
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|if we do them enough (driving or writing)
| | | | | | |
Who is Clive Wearing? What kinds of things could he remember and what kinds
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
of things could he not remember as a result of his brain injury? What do these
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
deficits and retentions indicate about memory? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
| | | | | | | |
Wearing's hippocampus was damaged, leading to severe anterograde amnesia,
| | | | | | | | |
where he couldn't make new memories from his present experiences. He could
| | | | | | | | | | | |
remember everything before his damage, but nothing was relevant after.
| | | | | | | | | |
- This indicates that the hippocampus is responsible for explicit, but not implicit
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
memory.
What is the serial position effect? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-The tendency to recall
| | | | | | | | | | | |
the first and last items in a list more frequently than the other items.
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
What is recency? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-The ability to recall the last items in a
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
list more frequently
| |
