UMN Psych 1001 Exam 1 (Chapters 1-4) Questions With Correct Answers

UMN Psych 1001 Exam 1 (Chapters 1-4)
Questions With Correct Answers

Structuralism - what is it? founder? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-identify basic
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elements/structures of experience. Emphasized importance of systematic | | | | | | |


observation.
- EB Titchener, Wundt
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Functionalism - what is it? founder? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-"Why" of
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psychology, focused on natural selection
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- William James
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Behaviorism - what is it? founder? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Focused on
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uncovering general principles of learning underlying human and animal behavior.
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focused on the scientific aspect
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- BF SKinner, Pavlov, and John Watson
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Cognitivism - what is it? founder? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-examine the role of
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mental processes on behavior
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- Jean Piaget
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Psychoanalysis - what is it? founder? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Uncover the role of
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the unconscious mind and early life on behavior.
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,- Sigmund Freud
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Clinical Psychologist - what do they do? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-trained in
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research and work with individuals with mental disorders
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Counseling Psychologist - what do they do? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-trained to
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help diagnose, assess, and treat
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and work with people experiencing temporary and relatively normal life problems
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Biological Psychologists - what do they do? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-examine
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physiological bases of behavior in humans and animals | | | | | | |




What is a psychological construct? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Infers a cause based
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on our observations
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what is an operational definition? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-The working definition
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of what a researcher is measuring
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What is the confirmation bias? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-The tendency to seek out
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evidence that supports our beliefs and deny evidence that contradicts them.
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What is Belief perseverance? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Tendency to stick with our
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initial beliefs even when evidence contradicts them.
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What are the six principles of scientific thinking? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Ruling
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out rival hypotheses
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, Correlation vs causation | | |




Falsifiability |




Replicability |




Extraordinary Claims |




Occam's Razor |




What are heuristics? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-A mental shortcut or rule of thumb
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What is System 1 and System 2 thinking? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-System 1:
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quick, requires little mental effort.
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System 2: slow and reflective. Use mostly for solving problems.
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What are correlational methods? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Research design that
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examines the extent to which 2 variables are associated
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What is the correlation coefficient? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-The statistics
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psychologists use to measure correlation between two things
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Strong correlation vs weak correlation - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-The closer the
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correlation is to 1 or -1 the stronger it is, the closer it is to zero the weaker it is
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What is a positive correlation vs negative - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-positive: if
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something increases, the other factor increases too
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negative: if something decreases, the other decreases too
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