GAS EXCHANGE AND OXYGENATION ATI
COMPREHENSIVE STUDY GUIDE 2026
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS
GRADED A+
⩥ when auscultating the lungs what do you want to be sure of.
Answer: move side to side so you can compare symmetry
⩥ what are the normal lungs sounds.
Answer: bronchial, bronchovesicular, vesicular
⩥ what are bronchial lung sounds and where do you listen for them.
Answer: produced by air moving through the trachea; blowing, hallow
sound; inspiration is slightly shorter than expirations and is lower in
pitch; upper lungs/neck area
⩥ what are bronchovesicular lung sounds and where do you listen for
them.
Answer: produced by air moving through the bronchial airways; medium
pitch/intensity blowing sounds; inspiration and expiration are equal;
inner side of the lungs
⩥ what are vesicular lung sounds and where do you listen for them.
, Answer: produced by air moving through the smaller airways; soft, low
pitched sounds; inspiration is longer/louder/higher pitched than
expiration; majority of the lungs
⩥ what are crackle sounds caused by.
Answer: moisture/fluid in the lungs; usually heard during inspiration
⩥ what is ronchi and what causes it.
Answer: coarse, snoring continuous low pitched sounds; caused by
mucus in the large airway; heard during inspiration or expiration
⩥ when assessing a patient and you notice ronchi what should you
instruct them to do.
Answer: cough then reassess the patient
⩥ what are wheezes and what causes it.
Answer: high pitches sounds; caused by narrowing of small airways;
heard during inspiration or expiration; indication of asthma
⩥ what is stridor and what causes it.
Answer: high pitched crowing sounds; caused by partial upper airway
obstruction; especially alarming for pediatric patients
⩥ what is friction rub and what causes it.
COMPREHENSIVE STUDY GUIDE 2026
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS
GRADED A+
⩥ when auscultating the lungs what do you want to be sure of.
Answer: move side to side so you can compare symmetry
⩥ what are the normal lungs sounds.
Answer: bronchial, bronchovesicular, vesicular
⩥ what are bronchial lung sounds and where do you listen for them.
Answer: produced by air moving through the trachea; blowing, hallow
sound; inspiration is slightly shorter than expirations and is lower in
pitch; upper lungs/neck area
⩥ what are bronchovesicular lung sounds and where do you listen for
them.
Answer: produced by air moving through the bronchial airways; medium
pitch/intensity blowing sounds; inspiration and expiration are equal;
inner side of the lungs
⩥ what are vesicular lung sounds and where do you listen for them.
, Answer: produced by air moving through the smaller airways; soft, low
pitched sounds; inspiration is longer/louder/higher pitched than
expiration; majority of the lungs
⩥ what are crackle sounds caused by.
Answer: moisture/fluid in the lungs; usually heard during inspiration
⩥ what is ronchi and what causes it.
Answer: coarse, snoring continuous low pitched sounds; caused by
mucus in the large airway; heard during inspiration or expiration
⩥ when assessing a patient and you notice ronchi what should you
instruct them to do.
Answer: cough then reassess the patient
⩥ what are wheezes and what causes it.
Answer: high pitches sounds; caused by narrowing of small airways;
heard during inspiration or expiration; indication of asthma
⩥ what is stridor and what causes it.
Answer: high pitched crowing sounds; caused by partial upper airway
obstruction; especially alarming for pediatric patients
⩥ what is friction rub and what causes it.
